What is tourism culture?

The essence of culture lies in innovation. Tourism culture is not a simple addition of tourism and culture, nor is it a hodgepodge of various cultures. It is a brand-new cultural form that combines traditional culture with tourism science.

For tourism culture, other cultures are "raw materials". In tourism activities, the original cultural factors such as ideas, psychological characteristics and ways of thinking in tourists' minds collide and combine with the heterogeneous cultural factors in the destination, and gradually form a new cultural form.

Tourism operators have devoted themselves to studying the traditional culture of their own nation, made appropriate choices, absorbed some foreign cultures, and after careful processing, sorting and development, they have become tourism cultural products for tourists to watch or appreciate, creating tourism culture; The tourist object itself reflects people's wisdom and strength and has considerable cultural factors. It is the external expression of people's inner values, aesthetics and other spiritual factors, and it is also an indispensable part of tourism culture.

Therefore, the so-called tourism culture is actually based on the intrinsic value of general culture, relying on the six elements of travel, food, housing, transportation, shopping and entertainment, and based on the relationship between tourism subject, tourism object, tourism media and tourism research, the sum of ideological forms and their external manifestations that have been formed in the process of tourism activities. It is both material and spiritual.

The connotation of tourism culture is very rich and its extension is quite extensive. "Cultural fields involving historical, geographical, ethnic and religious, catering services, landscape architecture, folk entertainment, natural landscape and other tourist objects; It also involves cultural subjects such as tourists' own cultural qualities, hobbies, behaviors, thoughts and beliefs; It also involves service culture, commodity culture, management culture, tour guide culture, policies and regulations and other tourism intermediary cultures. "

(Noe: Lin Yongkuang: "Promoting Excellent Culture and Strengthening Position Consciousness" [N], China Tourism News, 2000, 1, 17. )

In addition, it involves tourism, tourism psychology, tourism marketing, tourism management, tourism sociology, tourism culture, tourism aesthetics and other comprehensive fields to study tourism activities.

From the structural system of tourism culture, it should include the outermost material culture, such as architecture, gardens, utensils, tools, food, clothing and so on. These are tangible and have physical forms that can be felt by human sensory organs.

The middle level of tourism culture includes system culture and behavior culture.

Institutional culture is the product of tourists and tour operators dealing with the relationship between individuals and others, individuals and groups, including the laws, regulations and professional ethics that participants in tourism activities should abide by. It is a rigid, programmed and moralized tourism behavior, which is mainly formulated and implemented by the government, organizations and institutions by compulsory means.

Tourism behavior culture mainly refers to the customary behaviors of tourists and tour operators in tourism activities, such as customs, etiquette, folk customs, folk customs, behavior methods and service methods. In fact, it is the spontaneous behavior of tourists or tour operators, and it is the expression of their internal values, aesthetic tastes, ways of thinking and other factors in action.

The core layer of tourism culture is spiritual culture or mentality culture, which is the cultural mentality and ideological expression of participants in tourism activities, including social psychology and social ideology, and is composed of main factors such as values, aesthetic pursuit, moral emotion and way of thinking.

From the object to the subject, the four relations are closely linked and indispensable. Material culture is the external manifestation or external materialization of tourism culture, which can be directly perceived by people and is easy to imitate and create because of its materiality. But to really attract people, it is necessary to reflect the spirit, concept and pursuit of the creator behind materialization.

Mentality culture is the core of tourism culture, which must be consciously externalized in the material state in order to be perceived and understood, and to make one's own thoughts, pursuits, interests and emotions arouse others' voices. Therefore, material culture and spiritual culture are the unity of opposites in the whole tourism activities.

System culture and behavior culture are the intermediate transition links from material state to mental state, and they have irreplaceable functions of connecting the preceding with the following. Institutional culture is an essential factor to ensure service quality, improve tourism level and promote the healthy development of tourism, which has the significance of ensuring direction and guidance.

Behavior culture is also indispensable for improving the management level of tourism, ensuring the quality of service and enhancing competitiveness. The standard and elegant service of tourism service personnel can make tourists feel great happiness during their travels; Good behavior of tourists is not only a symbol of human civilization, but also can reduce unnecessary conflicts with residents in the reception area.

Correctly and profoundly understanding the connotation of tourism culture and scientifically classifying it is the premise for us to strengthen the construction of tourism culture, which will make the construction of tourism culture more targeted, purposeful and practical.