Cultural Tourism in Luxi Township

Luxi Township is located at the southernmost tip of Qimen County, Anhui Province, adjacent to Fuliang County, Jiangxi Province, and is the "South Gate" of Qimen County. There are few mountains and rivers in the territory, which is a typical "nine mountains, half water and half fields" deep mountain area in southern Anhui. Due to the love of history, the love of ancestors and the special geographical environment, Luxi not only has a beautiful ecological environment, but also has its own regional characteristics while inheriting Huizhou culture. In addition, it is an old revolutionary base area, which adds a red business card to tourism in western Shandong.

First, ancient water crossing and dragon boat racing

In ancient times, the Yangtze River was the main channel for Qimen County to communicate with the outside world. Mountain products's exports of wood, tea and porcelain clay, as well as the imports of grain and department stores all depend on water transportation. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, water transportation was developed, and there were nearly 10,000 ships and 100 docks on the route from Qimen to Jingdezhen. In the spring and summer flood season, a boat, like a shuttle, can go straight to the county seat with a little white sail. When the water is dry in autumn and winter, it should be transported by bamboo raft. There are mainly ancient ferries in Luxi, such as Dianbutan, Luxi, Fancun, Dabeigang and Daohu, and some of them especially exist today. Therefore, the customs contained in Volume 5 of Tongzhi's Qimen County Records in Qing Dynasty are as follows: "Generally speaking, people from the east are good at boating, …". In ancient times, people lived on water, and it was essential for the Dragon Boat Festival to pray for disaster relief. This custom has continued to this day. The dragon boat race in front of the village is on the Weihe River. During the competition, the drums of the dragon boat in the water, the shouts of the rowers, the firecrackers set off on the shore and the cheers of the crowd made the whole river come alive, and the scene was very lively. Green mountains and green waters, dragons in the river and tourists on both sides of the strait constitute an idyllic landscape in which man and nature live in harmony.

Second, Nuo dance

Nuo is a ceremony to drive away epidemic ghosts in ancient times, and Nuo dance is a kind of dance to hold Nuo sacrifice ceremony. After a long evolution, it developed into a drama, so it has the reputation of "living fossil" of drama. Luxi Nuo dance has a long history, and locals call it "peace dance" and "local opera". Usually performed in the twelfth lunar month, beginning of spring and Dragon Boat Festival, in order to pray for exorcism and protect the safety of the population, Luxi Village still retains the custom and mask of dancing Nuo. These masks are made of wood carvings or plaster. They are a green-faced Pangu, a pair of yin and yang bangs, a white-faced fierce star, a red-faced lucky star, four short-headed elephants, and an axe for cutting mountains and sharpening. Offer offerings, burn incense and worship, then set off firecrackers, beat gongs and drums, and the performance begins. Performance procedures, Pangu gave birth to Tai Chi, Tai Chi gave birth to two instruments, two instruments gave birth to four elephants, and four elephants gave birth to gossip, which set good or bad luck. Finally, the lion declared peace. The whole performance was sonorous and rhythmic, set off by firecrackers, and the atmosphere was very lively.

Three. Ancient villages and shrines

Luxi has been outstanding since ancient times, not only because of convenient waterway transportation and prosperous commerce, but also because of developed education and abundant talents. Famous people built temples and wrote books, leaving many cultural relics and historical sites.

1, Chawan

Chawan is an ancient village in Qimen County with a prosperous ancient culture. It is located on the Chawan River, surrounded by mountains. The situation is closed, the soldiers are in turmoil, and the folk customs are simple. In the Five Dynasties, Cha lived in Chawan. During the reign of Renzong in the Northern Song Dynasty, descendants moved from Luxi and became the ancestor of Wang in Chawan. In the Ming Dynasty, the grandparents and grandchildren of Wang joined the ranks of central scholars and became central and local officials. Chawan entered its heyday and was called "Kejia". From being an official to showing one's ancestors, from making a fortune to acquiring a noble family, from buying land and slaves to building a manor, there are 3,000 lang households serving the Wang family and 800 domestic servants, so there is a proverb "Lang households are 3,000, and Zhuang households are 800". There are 4 ancestral halls, 3 archways, white marble lions 1 pairs, 6 academies (Baishi Lecture Hall, Jiaotan Academy, Butterflies Academy, Shitan Academy, Sanxiutang, Bookstore, Hebi Family School), and 8 scenic spots (Jinfeng Songxiu, Shibi Gu Song, Shuangxi Fishing, Zhichao Watching Fish, Jiaotan Printing the Moon and writing on the desk).

2. Cranial rest

Luxi Village is located at the intersection of the Yangtze River and Chawan River. The excellent water port wharf has created a job opportunity for Luxi village, which used to have almost no land. More than 30 ships rushed to the dock, and the porcelain clay, kiln wood, tea and wood in Qimen continued to flow to Jingdezhen, Poyang Lake, the Yangtze River and all parts of the country. Salt, rice, cloth and porcelain from all over the country are continuously loaded into Qimen. Therefore, there are many merchants and shops in Luxi Wharf, which is called "little shanghai" in Qimen South Township. In the local old saying, it means "there is no Luxi that cannot be sold, and there is no Luxi that cannot be bought". The village has the "Justice Hall" of the Wang Ancestral Hall, which was built for the Justice Hall. It worked in three steps, magnificent, but it was destroyed by fire. On its left, there is a slightly smaller "Yanzhengtang", which is said to have been built by Judge Gong for his own little mistake and has been well preserved so far. There is an ancient well in the southeast of the village, which does not dry up in dry years and does not overflow in waterlogging years. The water level is the same all year round, which is very spiritual. According to legend, whenever there is a drought, as long as the well water is drained and "changed", God will rain showers.

3, strange mouth

Qikou is also one of the ancient villages in Luxi. Its Zheng ancestral hall is called "One Hall". It was built in the period of Gengshen, facing west and east, with seven bays, representing Zhengqi Branch. Locals say it is unique in Qimen. To the south of "Yibentang", there is a Zheng branch temple in Hexi, also known as the temple house. There are 10 inscriptions on the wall, which are written for a group of literati. They are made of red stone, engraved with regular script, about 190 cm long and about 54 cm high. The monument was erected in 55 years of Qianlong, including 24 years of Jiaqing, 25 years of Daoguang and 3 years of Xianfeng, which lasted for more than 70 years, reflecting Zheng's good moral character of respecting teachers and attaching importance to education.

Fourth, ancient and famous trees

Ancient and famous trees are symbols of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation, green cultural relics and living fossils, and priceless treasures left by nature and predecessors. According to the investigation of Luxi Forestry Station, Luxi * * has ancient and famous trees such as Cinnamomum camphora, Taxus mairei, Liquidambar formosana, Ginkgo biloba and Osmanthus fragrans1plant; There is also a group of ancient trees at the mouth of Jason Wu at the bottom of Zhang Cun village. In addition, the Feng Shui forest and Shuikou forest in other village groups also have high ornamental value, such as Feng Shui forest in Bi Tao and Shuikou forest in Luocun.

Five, ancha's craft and culture

Ancha, a famous traditional tea, is a semi-fermented pressed tea between black tea and green tea, which is called soft branch tea by the people. Soft branch tea has been recorded in Qi Changzhi in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty. Ancha is produced in the west of Anhui Province, where two rivers meet and three mountains surround it. Tea gardens are mostly continental, with fertile and deep soil, lush bamboo and wood, rippling water and misty clouds, which provide a unique ecological environment for ancha's production. Ancha has fine material selection, unique technology, exquisite production and excellent quality. After the fresh tea is picked and withered, it is slightly twisted, steamed and dried for nine times, then pressed into a bamboo basket and dried in a drying oven, and the tea leaves are condensed into oval blocks. Its rope is firm and uniform, with dark brown and oily color, and has the fragrance of betel nut and Indocalamus leaves. The more mellow it is, the more fragrant it is. When brewing, the soup is clear, refreshing, mellow and sweet. It is not only a good drink, but also has high medicinal value. This kind of tea is often used as an introduction in Lingnan traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, and is praised as "holy tea" and "elixir" for treating diseases by Guangdong, Guangxi and Southeast Asian countries. Modern pharmacological analysis shows that ancha contains polyphenols, which has the effects of clearing away heat and stopping bleeding, reducing swelling and quenching thirst, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst, eliminating phlegm and exorcising evil spirits, prolonging life and refreshing the mind. 1988 and 1992 were rated as high-quality special tea in Anhui province twice. 1992 was awarded the tea quality certificate of the Ministry of Agriculture.

Sixth, the red tourism culture.

Luxi was once the seat of underground traffic station, central sub-bureau, Luxi District Committee, Qimen County Committee and Soviet government. After liberation, the ratio of Niubaoshi, Nanxi, Qikou, Zhoucun, Wu Li, Wu Qu, Daohu, Zhongzhoushan, Dianbuton, Luxi, Chengcun, Zhang Cun, Qixi, Bi Tao, Luocun, Shang Jie, Chawan, China-Hong Kong, Ueda, Tan Ming and Songjiashan was 2/kloc-0.

1934101On October 3rd, the Red Tenth Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army went to Chawan to rest. On the east wall of farmer Zhengjia's gate, two propaganda slogans are written. First, "Farmers get up and organize red peasant associations! Only the Soviet Union can save the country! The Red Army is the workers and peasants' own army! Farmers get up and fight local tyrants to divide the fields! Workers get up and form a red union! Workers practice an eight-hour working system! Workers get up and get a raise! □□ Get up and fight local tyrants and divide the fields! Carry out the agrarian revolution! The Red Army of Workers and Peasants went north to fight against the advance team. " Second, "Welcome the White Army brothers to come and be the Red Army with guns. Brothers are all workers and peasants. Don't shoot the Red Army of Workers and Peasants! Welcome peacekeepers to be Red Army! The Red Army of Workers and Peasants went north to the Anti-Japanese Advance Team ". The slogan is calligraphy, and it is now a key cultural relics protection unit in the county.