What are the taboos of life and speech in Yunnan?

Yunnan is one of the important birthplaces of mankind, and has experienced a long history of integration, evolution and development with the development of the Chinese nation for thousands of years. There are 26 ethnic minorities in Yunnan, and their etiquette taboos and customs represent different religious beliefs and civilizations. The following article focuses on some major life taboos in Yunnan and what should be paid attention to when traveling to Yunnan? Let's have a look! 1. Life taboos in Yunnan

1. It is forbidden for Naxi people to throw rubbish, waste, spit and wash excrement cloth into water sources and rivers. It is forbidden to destroy, block water sources and cut down trees near the water. Don't swear and say ugly things in front of your elders. In the house, you can't sit on the threshold, you can't break into the delivery room, and pregnant women can't enter the new house. Don't spit in the fire pit.

2. Yi people should avoid playing tricks; Yi people should avoid using the stones of the pot and the village, and should not cross other people's fire ponds; Swear in front of everyone; When Yi Jia has a patient, avoid saying things like death or injury; Avoid saying "kill pigs" and say "catch pigs" or "take pigs"; Avoid using praise words such as "fat", "beautiful" and "heavy" for babies; Avoid whistling at night; Don't eat the meat of primates (bears, dogs, monkeys, cats, etc.). ) enter the house and don't eat their meat; No matter men or women, avoid crossing the fire pond; Prohibit women from crossing men; Slaughter goats on the wedding day; Avoid using Artemisia sticks as chopsticks and hitting people; Avoid burning buckwheat in the guest seat; When the burnt buckwheat shell is taken out of the pond, it is strictly forbidden to turn it over immediately and pierce it with a stick. Fasting horses, mules, dogs, monkeys, crows, snakes and frogs; Avoid leaving no meat as a guest; Avoid sending meals to the host; Avoid putting hoes and axes together; Avoid finding a hoe or axe on your shoulder in the house; Pregnant women should avoid combing the bride's hair and sewing her wedding dress.

3. Lisu people are forbidden to swear in front of their elders, to hurt people with malicious words, to steal and other bad behaviors. Don't move anything in the corner dedicated to ancestors. You can't cross the fireplace at home. Don't sit on the threshold, cut down the sacred tree and hurt the cuckoo. Do not eat horses, mules, dog meat, etc.

4. Other ethnic groups: Dai people avoid outsiders riding into the village. Jingpo Village is hung with cow's head bones, which can't be touched. You can't put the wooden pole until the Wa people have to retire. Don't wear shorts in Tibetan areas, don't enter Tibetan rooms, don't step on the threshold, don't spit in front of others, and don't hurt livestock and birds at will in Tibetan areas.

5, Hani custom taboo: In the Hani cottage, when relatives, friends or guests visit, the host of the family will take the initiative to go out and warmly welcome them and help the guests take off their bags and other things. When guests sit down, if they hand you a full glass or bowl of wine, it means that they are welcome. If you fill a guest with tea for the first time, it means that he is not welcome; If you only pour a guest half a cup or half a bowl for the first time, it seems that the host is very stingy. When the host pours wine for the guest, he must also pour a cup and take a sip first. Hospitality Hani people will also take out corn, melon seeds, cigarettes and so on to entertain guests. The host family will definitely kill a chicken and cook a pot of chicken porridge with spices such as salt and pepper. Chicken porridge is a necessary dish for Hani people to entertain guests. There are many rules when eating porridge. After sitting, the host gave the chicken head and liver to the guests, and the chicken leg to the children among the guests. Show the host's respect and welcome to the guests. When the guests leave, the host will pack some tea and tobacco for the guests. There must be boiled eggs in the bag, which is the host's blessing to the guests. At the same time, the host's gift to the guest must be wrapped in banana leaves and black cotton thread, which symbolizes the profound friendship between the host and the guest.

2. Dietary taboos of ethnic minorities in Yunnan

Wa people are forbidden to wash dishes with running water, otherwise, the water will wash away the soul. You can't kill the white-haired chicken to entertain guests, otherwise the guests will never come again, because the white-haired chicken is a sacrifice to ghosts;

Mosuo people are forbidden to knock on the bowl with chopsticks when eating, which will make the god of harvest unhappy and make you unable to harvest food next year, so you should pay attention to this detail when eating in Lugu Lake.

Pumi people are forbidden to put chopsticks in their rice bowls before eating, which means providing food for the dead. It is unlucky not to make a sound when drinking, eating or drinking soup, because the devil only makes a sound when drinking;

Hani people, when serving rice, can't start from the center of retort or pot, only from the periphery to the bottom of pot, otherwise, the family will decline;

Miao people, we girls can't eat pork killed by door gods. If you eat it, you will be separated from your husband after marriage, and your life will be restless;

Yao, you can't knock on the bowl when you eat. The soul of the valley has run away and you will be hungry next year.

3. Yunnan local funeral taboos

Yao nationality: after the death of the old man, his descendants did not sit on the bench or sleep in a high bed for 2 1 day, but only slept on the ground; On the way back from the funeral, their relatives are not allowed to look back, otherwise they will bring back the soul of the deceased.

Wa nationality: During the whole funeral, you can only eat rice and meat, not miscellaneous grains and vegetables, otherwise the deceased will be unhappy.

Miao nationality: it is forbidden for people with foreign surnames and foreign ginseng to enter the coffin ceremony. It is believed that people with bad hearts will throw needles or other metals in coffins, which will turn people into monsters after burial and hurt their families and villages.

Hani: People who die in the wild will become ghosts, and it is forbidden to carry corpses back to the village.

Nu people: Someone died in the stockade, and the whole stockade was shut down.

4. Yunnan local bedroom taboo: Dai folk houses are used to living upstairs, and the upstairs bedroom is separated from the living room by a wall. There is no partition in the bedroom, and generations have lived in it. Separated by mosquito nets, with a certain interval in the middle, a separate door. No outsiders are allowed to peep in the bedroom. According to the previous custom, if the host finds an outsider peeking at the host's bedroom, the man will be the host's door-to-door son-in-law, or work hard in the host's home for three years, and even the female guest will serve in the host's home for three years. Therefore, tourists should never peek at the master's bedroom because of mystery, whether they are visiting or being guests. Although the past customs have been broken now, peeking into the bedroom is always unpopular.

5. Taboo of Yunnan local living room: There are three pillars in the living room upstairs of Dai family, two of which are side by side with the living room and the other one is beside the fireplace. Of the two in the bedroom, the one outside is called "Auspicious Column" for resting, and the one behind is called "Ascending to Heaven Column" for people after death. When a family member dies, the family members lean on this pillar (regardless of gender) to bathe, dress and wrap their bodies, waiting for cremation. It is absolutely not allowed to rely on the one by the fireplace, which is Dai's "pillar of the sky". If you lean against the post, it means disrespect to the host.

Precautions for going to Zhulou: You must take off your shoes when entering the Buddhist temple. After entering the door, sit down in turn according to the size and depth of seniority; Dai people think that the threshold is the only way for people and ghosts to pass; You can't use the stool as a pillow, because the stool is only for people to sit on; Don't cross the fire pit with your feet, and don't move the iron tripod used to support the pot in the fire pit at will; When buying food in the street, you can't bargain with your toes; You can't step on the shadows of monks, let alone touch their heads. Dai people believe that "head" is the leader of people; Go upstairs lightly and don't whistle at night; Don't speak ill of others in public; Women can't go to other people's homes to play after giving birth; There is a funeral at home, and no one is allowed to go to anyone's house without it.

6. Taboo to travel to Yunnan

1. Don't touch the heads and headdresses of children, young monks and girls at will.

2. You must take off your feet when you enter the main hall of the Dai temple or go to the Dai bamboo house.

3. When staying in Dai bamboo house, don't put your head to the host's door, but put your feet to the host's door, not to cross the woman's feet.

4, others give you a big meal, you have to pick it up with both hands; You can't fill in other people's dishes, and you can't just add a spoonful.

5. Avoid talking about pork when going to Muslim areas or entering Muslim restaurants. Avoid saying the word "fat". Generally, "strong" is used instead of "fat".

6, can't touch and trample on national and religious symbols.

7. Don't give girls decorations.

8. Don't enter the rooms of parturient and patient.

9. You can't whistle or wear a straw hat in the house.

10, you can't beat cats and dogs with chopsticks.

1 1. It is forbidden to talk about sex at home.

12, don't sit with your back to the throne.

13, don't cross the tripod on the fire candy, don't use the pedal, and don't put shoes, socks and underwear on it.

14. To participate in Tibetan festivals, you must present Hada first.

15, the other person gives you a toast, you can't refuse to drink, you have to take a sip or sip.

16. If you are full, you can't say "no" but "eat well" when the other person asks you to be full.

17, can't sit in the middle of the threshold.

18, don't spit in the fireplace.

19. When the hostess of the Bai nationality pays a New Year call to Sancha, she must stand up and pick up the tea with both hands.

20. Don't send peppers and eggs to Wajia.

2 1, add firewood to the fireplace, firewood roots should go in, and firewood tips are not allowed to go in.

22. Don't dream in the morning and don't sweep the floor at night.

23. Don't hold the baby as soon as you enter the room.