Model essay on graduation thesis of tourism major

The contradiction between supply and demand of tourism professionals has a long history. Perfecting the practical teaching of tourism management specialty is an important way to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of talents and cultivate high-quality tourism professionals. The following is my graduation thesis on tourism for your reference.

Model essay 1: Reflections on the teaching innovation of tourism management major Abstract: Through literature analysis and interviews, this paper puts forward that the measurement model of professional identity of students majoring in tourism management in local universities consists of seven dimensions. The factor analysis of the model is carried out. The results show that the measurement model of tourism management students' professional identity includes three dimensions: career prospect, career ownership and development, and vocational teaching. Finally, it is proposed that local colleges and universities should improve their teaching level and strengthen the construction of teachers. Seeking the reform and innovation of teaching methods; Carry out professional activities to form a good learning atmosphere and sense of belonging. Improve the professional identity of students majoring in tourism management.

Keywords: tourism management; Professional identity; Fujian Province

With the development of China's tourism industry, more and more local undergraduate colleges have also set up tourism management majors, and the number of graduates has increased year by year. However, the employment situation is not optimistic. There should be many reasons for this contradiction, but in reality it may be more caused by students' low recognition of this major. If their recognition is low, they will lack interest in learning, and even if they graduate, they will not be willing to work in their major. Therefore, from the perspective of professional identity, a survey was conducted among students majoring in tourism management in local universities to understand the current evaluation of professional identity by students majoring in tourism management, so as to provide reference for creating an environment conducive to the generation of professional identity and improving the level of professional identity.

1 research hypothesis

? Professional identity? It was first put forward by Eriksson, and it is an important content of self-identity and self-development. Baikai and others believe that discipline identification consists of seven dimensions: professional learning, professional prospect, professional consciousness, professional development, professional speculation, social prejudice and professional attribution [1]. Qiu Hongliang and others think that the professional identity of tour guides includes five dimensions: vocational teaching, career prospect, professional consciousness, career attribution and career development [2]. According to the actual situation, the measurement model of professional identity of students majoring in tourism management is divided into seven dimensions: teaching, career prospect, career consciousness, career ownership, career development, career speculation and career prejudice. On this basis, the research hypothesis is put forward: the measurement model of professional identity of students majoring in tourism management in local universities is multi-dimensional, including professional teaching, professional prospect, professional consciousness, professional attribution, professional development, professional speculation and professional prejudice.

2 Research design

In order to understand the current situation of professional identity of students majoring in tourism management, the author conducted a questionnaire survey of students majoring in tourism management in some newly-built undergraduate colleges in Fujian Province, and designed 23 questions according to the seven dimensions of the above assumptions to investigate students' professional identity. Using Likert scale, it is divided into five grades, and the scores are 1 ~ 5 respectively. The higher the score, the higher the recognition of the major, and vice versa [5]. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, and 326 valid questionnaires were finally recovered, with an effective rate of 93%, which met the requirements. Among them, 72 are boys, accounting for 22%; There are 278 girls, accounting for 78%. In terms of gender, there is a big gap between male and female students, because there are more female students majoring in tourism management than male students.

3 Analysis of factors of professional identity of students majoring in tourism management

Before factor analysis, the project should be purified first. The criteria for item purification are: (1) The correlation coefficient between the item and the population is less than 0.4 and the item is internally consistent after deletion? If the coefficient becomes larger instead, delete it; (2) If the load value of the rotated factor is less than 0.4 or the load values of both factors are greater than 0.4 at the same time, delete [2]. According to the above criteria, the items were purified by SPSS2 1.0, and 10 items were deleted from 23 options, leaving 13 items for factor analysis. The results show that the statistical value of KMO test for 13 is 0.872, the bartlett spherical test value is 127 1.770, and the Sig value is 0.000, which meets the requirements of exploratory factor analysis. SPSS2 1.0 was used for factor analysis. According to the variance explanation contribution rate, the first three factors explain 70.363% of the information, which meets the requirements, indicating that three common factors can be extracted. Judging from the results of factor analysis, the first common factor? Professional prospects? ; The second common factor? Career attribution and development? ; The third common factor? Professional teaching? .

4 Conclusions and suggestions

4. 1 conclusion

Through the analysis of the above factors, the hypothesis at the beginning of the article is verified, that is, the measurement model of professional identity of students majoring in tourism management in local universities is multi-dimensional, but from the actual analysis results, multi-dimensional only includes three dimensions: career prospect, career ownership and development, and vocational teaching, in which career ownership and development include some indicators of career ownership and development.

4.2 Suggestions

(1) Improve the teaching level and strengthen the construction of teaching staff. Teaching is an important way to cultivate students' professional identity. Therefore, to improve students' professional identity, we must first improve the teaching level and strengthen the professional quality of teachers. Local colleges and universities can be assigned to well-known universities at home and abroad for further study in a planned way, improve and expand the knowledge system, and enhance the level of educational theory and scientific research ability; In view of the strong practicality of tourism management major and the specialization of training objectives in local colleges and universities, it is particularly important to improve teachers' practical skills.

(2) Seeking the reform and innovation of teaching methods. In teaching, it is necessary to break the previous teaching mode of teachers teaching pure theoretical knowledge and try to create a talent training mode aimed at cultivating students' professional skills such as application, entrepreneurship and innovation. The key to solve the problem is the combination of theory and practice teaching, combined with the characteristics of local colleges and universities, case teaching and project teaching run through the whole teaching activities, with students as the main body and teachers as the supplement.

(3) Carry out professional activities to form a good learning atmosphere and sense of belonging. Creating a good learning atmosphere requires the guidance of schools and professional teachers. On the one hand, schools can issue relevant institutional documents to guide students' professional identity and professional quality training, such as giving financial support to students' social surveys, and professional teachers will lead teams to conduct social surveys on well-known tourist cities, tourist hotels and tourist groups. And form a written report for exchange and study, so that students can enhance their professional awareness and master the latest developments in the industry; On the other hand, it is necessary to deepen the interaction between teachers and students, let teachers walk off the platform, communicate with students more, encourage students to actively participate in various activities, encourage students to innovate, and guide the formation of a good learning atmosphere for the whole major, thus promoting the promotion of students' sense of professional belonging.

References:

[1] Guan Chunlan et al. Investigation on the current situation of professional identity of undergraduates majoring in special education-taking two national key normal universities as examples [J]. China Special Education, 20 1 1(4):22-29.

[2] Baikai et al. Discipline Identification of Tourism Management Major: Scale Development and Dimension Measurement [J]. Journal of Tourism, 20 12(5):4 1-48.

Fan Wen-er: Cultivation of innovative ability of graduate students majoring in tourism management Abstract: The characteristics of tourism industry determine that graduate students majoring in tourism management must have innovative ability, and the cultivation of innovative ability is the core content of graduate education. However, there are still some problems in the cultivation of innovation ability of graduate students majoring in tourism management in China, such as insufficient independent innovation ability, single education model and unreasonable curriculum system. In view of these problems, we should cultivate the innovative ability of graduate students majoring in tourism management by optimizing teaching mode, creating academic atmosphere and implementing school-enterprise cooperation.

Keywords: tourism management; Graduate students; Innovative ability; cultivate

Innovation ability is the soul of national progress and the core of economic competition; The competition in today's society is not so much a competition for talents as a competition for human creativity. For comprehensive tourism industry, innovative talents are particularly important. The postgraduate education of tourism management in China is the cradle of cultivating high-end tourism talents with innovative ability, so it is particularly important to strengthen the research on the cultivation of innovative ability of postgraduate tourism management in China.

Summary of Innovation Ability of Postgraduates Majoring in Tourism Management

(A) the concept of innovation ability

Innovation ability refers to the ability of researchers to use accumulated knowledge and experience to produce new knowledge, new ideas, new methods and new achievements through scientific thinking processing and reconstruction. It is the comprehensive ability of thinking motivation and cognitive guidance practice. Innovation ability emphasizes the ability to produce something of practical significance on the basis of breaking the routine.

(B) tourism management graduate students need to have the ability to innovate

(1) Ability to acquire and transform knowledge

Mastering rich basic theoretical knowledge is a necessary condition for graduate students to innovate. Without the accumulation of knowledge, all innovations are just empty talk. In the postgraduate stage, we should pay attention to the breadth, depth and speed of knowledge acquisition. Tourism management is a major involving a wide range of knowledge. Only when students have extensive knowledge can they make their thinking more flexible. Postgraduates' learning is very professional, and the acquisition of knowledge needs to be deeper. Major? What is the basis? Is it broken? . At the same time, the ability to acquire and update knowledge quickly is the basis and premise of knowledge innovation. Knowledge is endless, academic research is endless, and with the rapid development of tourism, if students can't guarantee the timeliness of acquiring knowledge, then innovation is impossible [1].

(2) Innovation ability

Sticking to the rules is a stumbling block to development. What is the significance of innovation? New? Innovation is the essence and value of innovation. To innovate, we must break through the conventional precepts, inherent habits, rules and regulations, existing experience and past thinking patterns. Postgraduates majoring in tourism management should be good at looking at problems with new ideas, new methods and new angles, breaking through old ideas and combing and analyzing existing materials with new thinking methods; While absorbing excellent cultural heritage, endow it with new connotation of the times; In addition to the spirit of the times, we should also pay attention to the exploration and textual research of new materials, make a scientific analysis of new materials, make the past serve the present and give them new connotations and extensions.

(3) the ability to predict and take risks

Innovation means risk, and any innovation is accompanied by risk and full of uncertainty. Tourism itself is also a risky industry. With the increasingly fierce market competition, innovative talents in tourism management must be brave enough to take risks, be fully prepared for possible problems in management, be brave enough to accept challenges, stand the test of risks and keep making progress in difficulties.

(4) Practice and adaptability.

The formation of innovative ability can not be separated from students' practical activities. Only when students discover, ask and solve problems in various practices, and generate new ideas and sparks in constant exploration, can they form? Seeking difference? Thinking, the germination of innovative consciousness. Postgraduates majoring in tourism management need to pay more attention to the role of practice in the process of study and research. Tourism is a service industry, so practicality and adaptability are particularly important. Only by organically combining research with practice, flexibly dealing with various problems that may arise in practice, and adapting to circumstances, can we collide with innovative sparks that are truly in line with reality, and can these innovative achievements be applied to practice and achieve innovative goals.

(5) Integration and transplantation of innovation ability

Integrated innovation ability refers to the ability of innovative actors to adopt the theory and method of system engineering, actively optimize and select innovative elements, and combine them in the most reasonable structural form to form an organism composed of appropriate elements, which complements and matches each other, thus making a qualitative leap in the overall function of the organism [2]. Transplant innovation ability refers to the ability to introduce, digest, absorb and innovate existing knowledge in different time and space [3]. Tourism management is a discipline covering many categories, and the knowledge of economics, psychology, history and other disciplines is very important for graduate students majoring in tourism management. The reasonable integration of disciplines can help students avoid linear thinking mode when thinking about problems, and help to form innovative thinking. Postgraduates majoring in tourism management should be good at using interdisciplinary subjects flexibly and thinking with different standards in their research and study.

Second, the necessity of cultivating the innovative ability of graduate students majoring in tourism management

With the rapid development of tourism, the market demand for tourism management professionals at all levels has increased sharply, and higher standards have been put forward for tourism management professionals.

(A) Innovation is the mission of tourism entrepreneurs

The core of postgraduate training is the cultivation of innovative ability and comprehensive quality. The career orientation of graduate students majoring in tourism management is obviously different from that of graduates majoring in tourism management in our college, and tourism entrepreneurs have become the career choices of many graduate students majoring in tourism management. Innovation is the essential feature and core mission of entrepreneurs, and it is also the soul of entrepreneurial spirit. For entrepreneurs who want to make a difference in tourism, innovation is particularly important. As a new industry, tourism has a lot of opportunities and available resources, which requires tourism entrepreneurs to have a unique investment vision, find opportunities that ordinary people can't find, make full use of all available resources, find ways that ordinary people can't imagine, creatively develop or re-integrate existing resources, realize rediscovery and create original job security for themselves. All these require entrepreneurs to have innovative spirit and ability.

(B) Innovation is the core of the core competitiveness of tourism enterprises

The core competitiveness of tourism enterprises is an organic combination of multiple capabilities, which is controlled by tourism enterprises themselves and is not easy to be imitated and copied by other enterprises. It can be a comprehensive ability for tourism enterprises to maintain lasting advantages in industry competition, and innovation is an important part of the core competitiveness of tourism enterprises [4]. Innovation is an inexhaustible motive force for the development of tourism enterprises and the most important factor for their core competitiveness. The initiative and passivity of innovation, as well as the speed and effect of innovation, have also become the key for tourism enterprises to gain advantages in the competition. The continuous generation and strengthening of the core competitiveness of tourism enterprises is particularly obvious in the continuous updating of the ability to develop potential markets and the upgrading of products. The most direct manifestation of the competition among tourism enterprises is the competition among the products of tourism enterprises. With the improvement of people's living standard and the change of consumption concept, the demand of tourism consumers for tourism enterprise products is also more diversified. Therefore, brilliant creativity, classic planning, and continuous product development and innovation will greatly promote the promotion of the status of tourism enterprises and their long-term development in the future.

(C) Innovation is the driving force for the sustainable development of tourism

Tourism is a highly integrated service industry. To accelerate the sustainable and healthy development of tourism, we must establish a new view of tourism resources, products, markets and investments, not only to study the industry, but also to broaden our horizons, explore new tourism markets, launch new tourism products and develop innovative tourism consumption methods according to market requirements and the development of tourism-related industries. Only by constantly updating and perfecting can we ensure the vigorous development of the whole tourism industry. The development of tourism needs talents with professional tourism management knowledge and innovative advantages, which is of great significance to promote the development of tourism. Tourism education in colleges and universities is an important base for the training of tourism management talents in China, which provides intellectual support and motivation for the development of tourism in China.

Third, the problems existing in the cultivation of innovative ability of graduate students majoring in tourism management

(A) students' awareness of independent innovation is not strong, and the academic atmosphere is not strong.

Influenced by the traditional teaching mode, most graduate students in our country passively accept the knowledge taught by teachers, rarely think independently about the problems taught by teachers, and rarely put forward their own opinions. Academic discussion and exchange atmosphere is not strong. Postgraduates in China, including those majoring in tourism management, have generally developed a learning attitude and habit of relying on knowledge, lacking the open questioning atmosphere advocated by developed countries and failing to develop a critical thinking mode. It has greatly affected the improvement of graduate students' innovative ability. The cultivation of graduate students' innovative ability is influenced by many factors, among which building a strong academic atmosphere and forming a good academic atmosphere is one of the important links. At present, there are relatively few academic activities in many universities in China, and the academic atmosphere is not strong enough. Seldom organize scientific research practice and academic activities with graduate students [5]. During the postgraduate study in many schools, because of different tutors, even in the same college or major, students seldom contact each other except for public classes or general meetings, so they rarely discuss academic issues. Some tutors are busy with their own teaching and scientific research and pay insufficient attention to the academic activities of graduate students. Graduate students have a narrow academic vision, lack of understanding of the international frontier issues of this discipline, and lack of scientific research ability and innovation consciousness.

(2) The teaching mode and methods are backward, and the teachers are relatively weak.

There are essential differences between postgraduate teaching and undergraduate teaching, but there are still many problems in postgraduate teaching in China. The teaching mode of many schools is single, inductive and based on? Teaching? In the postgraduate teaching of tourism management, the main teaching mode is still widely used. Teaching methods play a very important role in classroom teaching. Even if the teaching content is novel and advanced, it is difficult to achieve the expected teaching effect without scientific and reasonable teaching methods. At present, tutor is widely used in postgraduate teaching in China, or indoctrination is adopted? Give it fish? Methods, but little guidance? Teach it to fish? Teaching methods. Many teachers are backward in teaching methods and means, and seldom use advanced teaching equipment to assist teaching, which is difficult to arouse students' interest and affect the teaching effect. Tourism management is a relatively young discipline, and the teachers are not strong enough. Many tutors are directly transferred from other majors, and their knowledge system is not complete enough. There are few tutors for master students, and the teachers are weaker than other mature majors, which seriously affects the cultivation of innovative ability of graduate students majoring in tourism management.

(C) unreasonable curriculum system

At present, the curriculum system of graduate students majoring in tourism management in China is still not reasonable, and there are many problems, such as many credits, many public basic courses, lack of hierarchy in the curriculum system, insufficient proportion of practical courses, few interdisciplinary subjects and interdisciplinary course, and insufficient cutting-edge courses, which do not highlight the professionalism, cutting-edge and comprehensiveness of the courses and cannot fully reflect the new development of interdisciplinary, marginal and emerging disciplines. Tourism management is an interdisciplinary subject, but many schools do not reflect this remarkable feature in the postgraduate curriculum arrangement of this major, and the curriculum arrangement rarely involves other professional courses except tourism management. The courses and undergraduate courses are partially duplicated.

(D) the ability to combine innovation with practice is not strong.

At present, the teaching of graduate students majoring in tourism management is still based on the classroom teaching of textbook knowledge, which is not only boring, but also seriously divorced from theory and practice, ignoring the comprehensive cultivation of students' research ability, practical ability, comprehensive analysis ability and communication and coordination ability with society. Many schools only pay attention to the number of papers published by students and the number of credits obtained by students, but do not pay attention to the cultivation of practical ability. For this major, the horizontal cooperation between schools and travel agencies, hotels and other tourism enterprises is an important way to cultivate graduate students' innovative ability. Schools and tourism enterprises need to cooperate closely and develop together to build a solid platform for cultivating the innovative ability of graduate students majoring in tourism management.

Fourthly, the specific measures to improve the innovation ability of graduate students majoring in tourism management.

(1) Pay attention to knowledge accumulation, cultivate the consciousness of independent innovation and create a good academic atmosphere.

Knowledge accumulation is the foundation of innovation, and any innovation is based on predecessors. Only by understanding the achievements of predecessors can we achieve transcendence. The cultivation of graduate students majoring in tourism management should not only focus on cultivating the ability to acquire and transform knowledge, but also understand the research basis of problems on the basis of rich theoretical knowledge, be good at thinking about problems and carry out independent innovation. Schools should strive to create a good academic environment, create opportunities for teachers to go abroad for training and study, and let graduate students actively participate in various academic activities. Broaden graduate students' horizons, increase their knowledge, exercise their thinking ability and cultivate their innovative consciousness. Students participate in academic activities, communicate with peers, cultivate innovative ideas, generate interest in scientific research, listen to reports from experts and outstanding representatives, communicate with each other, broaden research horizons, enlighten thinking, stimulate innovation inspiration, cultivate innovation consciousness, promote the improvement of their own innovation ability, and enable students to improve their innovation quality and innovation ability imperceptibly in a good academic environment.

(2) Cultivate counselors' innovative ideas, optimize teaching modes and improve teaching methods.

For graduate students, the role of tutor is self-evident. A tutor with innovative ability and consciousness can often give students a lot of help. In order for graduate students to do research well, tutors should first set an example. This model should be embodied in teaching, demonstration, guidance and control. Schools should optimize teaching mode, improve teaching methods, implement small class teaching, adopt lecture-style, heuristic and interactive teaching, expand the proportion of self-study, and encourage graduate students to make special reports on courses and discuss and communicate with each other. If conditions permit, courses can be offered by inviting academicians and well-known experts to hold special lectures. Schools should take the construction of key disciplines of tourism management as the leader, focus on the construction of teaching and scientific research, increase funding, and establish a team of young teachers who train education, scientific research and serve local economic construction. Give full play to the role of subject teaching leaders, promote the combination of old, young and middle-aged teaching work, and build a teaching team with high teaching quality and reasonable structure; Establish an effective team cooperation mechanism, promote the research of teaching content and method reform, promote the exchange of teaching discussion and teaching reform experience, and develop teaching resources.

(C) Optimize the curriculum system and broaden students' horizons

It is necessary to further optimize the curriculum system structure of graduate students majoring in tourism management. Reduce the total credits of compulsory courses and increase the proportion of elective courses; Adjust some aging courses, add courses with new ideas, new methods and new contents to encourage interdisciplinary course; Encourage graduate students to choose courses across majors and disciplines. Because the major of tourism management covers a wide range, schools can join some courses of tourism-related majors, such as economics, history, psychology, etc., to break the boundaries of disciplines, increase curriculum integration, and cultivate students' extensive knowledge and good comprehensive quality.

(D) Strengthen practical teaching and innovate in practice.

Both schools and students should improve their understanding of practice, which is particularly important for graduate students majoring in tourism management. Without practice, the trained innovative talents will not really serve the society. Schools need to upgrade the status of practical courses and improve students' practical innovation ability through experimental training courses, tourism enterprise research, professional practice and graduation design. The main purpose of practical teaching is to cultivate students' application ability and innovation ability in practice. Tourism resource-rich areas are rare social courses for tourism majors. In addition to or during the study of tourism major courses, we can combine theory with practice in teaching, so that students can go out of school and study in hotels, scenic spots and travel agencies with problems. Deepen theoretical knowledge in practice, use existing knowledge to innovate in practice, and be an innovative talent that truly meets the needs of society.

References:

Wang Qingsheng Ye Li. Research on the Training Mode of Innovative Ability of Tourism Management Students [J]. Journal of Qingdao Hotel Management Vocational and Technical College, 201(1): 62-65.

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