Read the answers in classical Chinese.

1. The classical Chinese texts about reading are:

1. The method of reading is gradual, practice makes perfect, and careful consideration. -Southern Song Dynasty Zhu "Reading Essentials"

The way to read is to take your time and do it bit by bit. Read more books and think more when you encounter problems.

2, black hair does not know how to study hard early, white hair regrets reading late. -Don Yan Zhenqing's Persuasion Poetry

When I was young, I didn't know how to study hard. When I was old, I regretted studying too late.

3, reading a hundred times, its meaning is self-evident. -Chen Jinshou's "The Reflection of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Zhi and Wang Su Biography"

After reading it hundreds of times, the meaning of the book will naturally be understood.

4, reading thousands of books, writing like a god. -Tang Du Fu's "Twenty-two Rhymes for Wei Zuocheng"

Read more books and read them thoroughly, so that you can apply what you have learned and use them easily.

5. I hate books that are used. -Ming anonymous "augmented contribution"

I regret that I have learned too little until I really use my knowledge.

6, there are three kinds of reading, that is, the heart is there, the eyes are there, and the mouth is there. -Southern Song Dynasty Zhu Xun Xue Rules

If you want to concentrate on your studies, you must have all three.

7. Knowing is not as good as being good, and being good is not as good as being happy. -Confucius disciples in the Spring and Autumn Period and their re-dissemination of The Analects of Confucius.

People who know how to learn can't compare with those who like to learn; People who like learning can't compare with those who enjoy learning.

2. I want to find a Chinese reading article, a modern article about reading, mainly about how late it is to see the city under the Ge Deng in the reading window. I think of two poems by Liu Zijun, a poet in the Song Dynasty: "The bright moon doesn't know that you have gone, but still looks at the reading window at night." I feel sad. Few idle people have leisure time to read idle books now. Mingyue didn't know that people had left, but she came to take pictures. It is no longer a window for reading, but reading. The city lights have crowded the bright moon into a dim one, hanging in the distant horizon. Prints and dress covers can't be rolled up like thread-bound books, and it's not as easy to calm anxiety as thread-bound books. You can't remember the meaning of this paper without a notebook and a card. Tao Yuanming's "not asking for a very good solution" reading method probably won't get his diploma today. He can only look for chapters and sentences word by word under the lamp with a magnifying glass. Modern people learn much more from childhood than the ancients. It is said that Confucius "learned five cars", calculated by folding bamboo slips into type, but he only had three and two books in his stomach; Du Fu's so-called "reading more than ten thousand volumes" is actually an exaggeration. Why do modern people read more books than thousands of books? However, modern people cannot become philosophers or poets. Originally, knowledge is not necessarily wisdom, but modern people need to analyze everything and take a calculator to measure value. Coupled with the reading concept of "a book has its own golden house", reading has been reduced to a situation no different from carpenters grinding axes and tailors sewing. Zhu Yu said: "Learning should first pay attention to outsole, outsole and outsole." Today people just ignore the big bottom and only search for small programs. This difference between "big" and "small" is of practical significance. "Big" is not knowledge that can be filled in the stomach, but incalculable wisdom in the mind. In a sense, reading is nourishing the soul. In all fairness, reading can be divided into two types: studying hard at a desk and memorizing formulas. When you climb a mountain, you think of diplomas, subjects, professional titles and practical applications. "Learning the written martial arts and appreciating the imperial family" and "fame and fortune" are one thing, and reading the words in the book is knowledge in the stomach. I read a lot when I was drinking tea, and I forgot my business livelihood and the words in the case. I can't help clapping my hands every time I meet you. It is introspective and conscious, so the words in the book have become spiritual cultivation. It is true that the times are changing, the society is changing, and the leisure of literati may be out of date. However, if we can leave a small silence in the phone, car flute and machine roar, we can appreciate the taste of reading, reading and reading leisure. If we can read in neon lights, incandescent lamps and in fact, reading is like traveling, then why do people take pictures everywhere, and the topic of "traveling here" is everywhere? The breeze of mountains, rivers, stone forests and valleys left a little joy and warmth in their hearts, which made people forget the fatigue and confusion of the world when they remembered it. Isn't that enough? .

3. Classical Chinese reading composition spectrum translation is commonly used in classical Chinese reading comprehension for reference: 1. Wu Shuqing said: "When an article is written, it is unique without modification. This ingenious article must be carefully thought out and improved. If the article is finalized, it will be checked from beginning to end. If there is something wrong, it must be erased; If the machine is not round, it should be finished to make it round; If the blood is not coherent, it must be one; When syllables have no leaves, they must be adjusted: with such careful consideration, natural defects are rare. If you scribble for a while, you will be a spot on the white jade. " Wu Shuqing said: "When writing an article, if the draft is not retouched, it will be a stroke of genius. Secondly, you must think carefully and revise it carefully. If the drafting and creation of the article have been decided, it is necessary to check the circle from beginning to end. If there is something wrong with the style, you must straighten it and make it smooth. Where the structure is imperfect, it should be tempered repeatedly to make it perfect; Where the context is inconsistent, we should accommodate it to make it coherent; The syllables are not harmonious, so we should adjust them to make them harmonious. With such careful scrutiny, there are few natural shortcomings. If you are impetuous for a while, you will only try your best to make small achievements casually. The flaws (in the article) will not cover up, and eventually the spots on the jade will remain. " Note: Wu Shuqing: Although the second ancient people are famous, if you do more articles, you will know the defects, waiting for no one to criticize you, but that's when you do it. Otherwise, put it aside. Once we look at it again a few months later, we will clearly know ugliness and it will be easy to change it, but only if we change it from time to time. Although the ancients said: if you have done too many articles, you can know your own shortcomings without waiting for others to criticize you. But when he just finished writing, you couldn't find them yourself, only a few months later. If he could find them, how could he? If this is not the case, it is better to put it aside and wait until a few months later (this article). It will be much easier to modify it if you watch it. Only in this way can it be correct and appropriate. At the age of three, Sun Xin, an old man who knew Ouyang Wenzhong, asked him in words. As the saying goes, "there is no other skill, just study hard and do more, and work by yourself;" The world suffers from writing less and is lazy to read. When every article comes out, it is to plead for others. If it is really so rare, you don't have to blame others for the shortcomings, but you can look at it more. " In recent years, Sun Xin met Ouyang Xiu and took the opportunity to ask him how to write a good article. Ouyang Xiu replied: "There is no other way but to study hard and write more, and you will naturally write well;" The disadvantage of this world is that they write too little to read. If they write an article, they just want to surpass others. Therefore, they seldom achieve their goals. The shortcomings of the article need not be pointed out by others. As long as they write more, they can find the result.

Although Qian Sigong was rich from a small family, he had few hobbies. When he was in Xiluo, he tasted the language and worked as a subordinate, saying that he was only good at reading, reading classics while sitting, reading novels while lying down, and reading fine print when going to the toilet. Guy never put the book out in an instant. Xie also said: Song Gong hung in the Historical Institute, and every time he went to the toilet, he had to carry a book on his back. The irony was loud. Most of them are on the third floor, that is, immediately, on the pillow and in the toilet. The cover can especially belong to Si Er. Note (1) Qian Sigong: Qian was one of the representative writers of "Kunxi Style" in the Northern Song Dynasty. Xie (Xie Qiang) mentioned below that Song Gong Hammer (Song Taizu) was also famous for his literature for a while. (2) Xiluo: Xijing Luoyang. (3) Taste: Zeng. (4) telling. (5) Family: Assistant officials of the government. (6) Novels: Hundreds of works in the pre-Qin period and various miscellaneous notes in later generations. (7) Small words: short. He is famous for reading Minhui's Strong Memory. (1 1) Classics and History: Classics and History Books. (12) Xie: Xie Jiang, a friend of Ouyang Xiu. (13) Reason: Therefore, Qian Sigong was born in a rich family, but he had no hobbies. He used to be in Luoyang and Xijing. Read short poems and poems when you go to the toilet. Probably I never leave the book for half an hour. Xie also said: Song is also in the Institute of History and always takes a book with him when he goes to the toilet. Reading is crisp, and his voice can be heard far and near, so he is eager to learn. So I told Shen that most of the articles I wrote in my life were on the third floor, that is, immediately, on the pillow and in the toilet. This is probably the only place.

5. "The first man is lonely at the age of four, and his family is poor and has no money". My wife paints the ground, teaches calligraphy, and recites ancient chapters to make learning a poem. It took a long time, but there were no books to read at home, so I borrowed them or copied them. They can recite their books before copying. That is, orphans In ancient times, they mostly referred to children who lost their fathers. This family is poor and has no assets: poor: poor: rich. Taifuren painted the land: use: use: herbs similar to reeds. Painting: Sketch. Teach him to write Chinese characters with: with: with: with: with: with: with: with writing. Go to the village, the neighborhood. ((Ouyang Xiu) went to a nearby scholar's house to borrow books. ) look at the holiday: borrow. Or copy it. Or: sometimes. Because: depending on it, I even forget to eat and sleep at night. To reach the destination, only reading is the service: only. Yes: meaningless. Service: dedication. (Only. There is no money for him to study. His mother painted on the beach with a reed pole and taught him to write. She also taught him to read many ancient poems and let him learn to write poems. When I am old and have no books to read at home, I borrow books from my neighbor's scholars and sometimes copy them. He was able to recite these articles before he finished copying them. So he stayed up all night, forgot to eat and sleep, and just buried himself in reading. Writing is as high as that of an adult. It enlightens an individual that his family is poor at a young age and looks miserable on the surface, but it is not necessarily a bad thing for ambitious children. Because the embarrassment of his family will make children taste the coldness of the world and the hardships of life earlier, and urge them to be sensible and make up their minds early-the children of poor families will be in charge early! In reality, some children from wealthy families lack a lot of motivation to learn because they don't have enough to eat and wear at present, which makes them lack the ideological and character foundation for future achievements.

6. The reading of "Habitual Theory" in classical Chinese not only answers the translation of the article.

When Liu Rong was young, he studied in a room on the west side of Yanghui Hall. (Liu Rong) He studied with his head down. When he didn't know this place, he looked up and thought. If he can't figure out the answer, he will walk up and down the room. There is a hole in the house, one foot in diameter, which gradually erodes and expands. Every time I pass by, Liu Rong always stumbles. At first, he felt uncomfortable, but after a long time, he got used to it. Going there again is as safe as walking on the ground. Liu Rong's father found the potholes on the ground of this house and smiled and said to Liu Rong, "If you can't manage a house well, can you manage the country?" Then let the servant fill in the hole. After his father left, Liu Rong began to walk around the house again, reading and thinking, and went to the original pothole. He felt the ground suddenly hit. He was surprised and looked down. The ground was flat. He walked clumsily for many geniuses and gradually got used to it. Alas! People are used to it! If you step on the flat ground, you can't adapt to the potholes; After a long time, depression seems to be flat; Even to fill the long-standing pit and restore the original state is considered as an obstacle and can't adapt. Therefore, it is very important for a gentleman to be cautious about the habit formation in the initial stage.

Edit this paragraph to contain the truth.

When a person studies, the habits in the initial stage are very important. When a gentleman studies, it is important to treat the habit formation in the initial stage with caution.

Annotation of article

Rong: The author calls himself. Young: young, young. Yanghuitang: Liu Rong's house name is in Xiangxiang, Hunan. Bow: bow your head. Fred: I have no experience. Spin: wander. Diameter: one foot in diameter. Immersion (qρn invasion) is more and more widespread: it is expanding outward day by day. Footwear: stepping and walking. Rudder (zhi?): I tripped. If: all the time. The first gentleman: the father who claimed to be dead. First: the honorific terms used when addressing the deceased predecessors. Language: I talked to him. Language: telling. Why ... Why: There is nothing to talk about ... C: Look. Boy: Little servant. Ju Ran: Suddenly. Calm: the ground is flat. It's already started. Choke: I feel so blocked in my heart. Ning: Peace. China people: Fight, go deep into people. Heir: Later. Suddenly: suddenly. China people: It has a profound influence. Say: a style. Chinese: Suitable for people, which means influencing people. Fitness: adaptation. So: the reason. Stubborn: The appearance of being hindered.

Edit the introduction of the author of this paragraph.

Liu Rong (1816-1873) was born in Xiangxiang County, Hunan Province in the Qing Dynasty. He is an ancient prose writer of Tongcheng School. He was Zeng Guofan's guest and had contacts with Guo Songtao and Luo Zenan. In February of the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), Shi Dakai, the wing king, attacked the Xiang water camp and burned more than 100 Xiang warships. Zeng Guofan was captured on the ship, and "the paper roll was lost" and "the public was angry to ride to the enemy and die", but Liu Rong and other human resources advised him to stop. From Luo Zenan to help Wuchang, Zuo Ying Ke Chongtong joined forces with Hu Linyi to attack Puyin. His brother Liu Fanxian was shot. Support and support, and there is no intention of going out again. Zeng Guofan and Hu Linyi were recommended to be of great use and made a letter to run the army. In the past ten years, he assisted Luo Du in Sichuan military affairs, recommended magistrates, elected officials and trained soldiers, and took Xiao Qijiang, Liu Yuezhao and Huang into Sichuan. In less than three years, Sichuan Taiping Army was completely suppressed and Shi Dakai was captured alive. In the first year of Tongzhi, the governor was in northern Sichuan. In July of two years, he was awarded the governor of Shaanxi, returned to Hunan to raise funds and moved to southern Shaanxi. In four years, Jack County was seized by jealous officials who dismissed from office and resumed in October. The west twisted into Shaanxi, led the army to resist the attack, collapsed in Baqiao ten Li Po, and the official was spared from the final rise. Liu Rong is diligent and studious, and has written a lot of ancient prose and poems. "If one room is not cured, why can the whole country be cured?" It is a famous sentence in his prose "Habitual Theory", which is selected from Yang Huitang's Poems. Zeng Guofan commented that "my friend Liu Rong is silent and stern, and he does not want to be good." It has been moored since its heyday, but it is rich outside. Observing the changes of things is nothing more than fame. "(The Story of Raising a Dark Hall). He is the author of Thinking and Doubting and Yang Huitang's Poems.

7. Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 4-7, B5, D6, C7 and D8. (1)(3 points) Deacons are famous all over the world/but only five products/but the color temperature is not angry/the article is generous and unpretentious without complaints/this will definitely make them happy/I hope to know more! (2) Mr. ①' s proposition is so grand that no one in the world can accept it. Who did Duke Zhou enjoy the happiness of wealth with? 4, travel: communication, communication, * * * things.

5.( 1) turning point; (2) gradual; (3) Preposition, by virtue of; (4) prepositions, because. 6. The author denies this by assuming.

7. "Being a saint" is wrong. 8. If (1) is wrong, deduct 1 point until 3 points are deducted.

(2)① Dao1; "Rong" 1 min; That's right. 1.② "Who and"1; "Le" 1 min; That's right. 1.

Ps: Every time I read "Owl" in The Book of Songs and "Ying Jun" in The Book of Songs, I always secretly sigh that Duke Zhou has not met a bosom friend. I read the historical records and saw that Confucius was trapped between Cai countries, and the voice of playing the piano and singing never stopped; Yan Yuan, Zhong You and other students asked and answered each other.

Confucius said, "It's not a tiger, it's running around in the wilderness. Is my opinion wrong? " Why did I get into this situation? "Yan Yuan said:" Mr. Wang's proposition is so grand that no one in the world can accept it; "Even so, what's the harm if no one accepts it? And no one accepts it, and then you show that you are a gentleman. " Confucius smiled gently and said, "Yan Hui, if you have a lot of property, I will take care of the accounts for you."

Although no one in the world accepts Confucius' thoughts, his students are so happy that they can satisfy themselves. Now I know that the wealth of the Duke of Zhou is really inferior to the poverty of Confucius.

Sages like Zhao Gong and relatives like Guan Shu and Cai Shu can't understand the state of mind of the Duke of Zhou, so who did the Duke of Zhou enjoy this wealth and happiness with? But those who live in poverty with Confucius are all outstanding people in the world, and this alone is worthy of happiness. I didn't know how to read until I was seven or eight years old.

It is said that there is an Ouyang Gong in the world today, just like Monk and Han Yu in ancient times. Another Mei Gong and Ouyang traveled by car and talked with him. Later, when I was old, I was able to read their articles and lyrics. I wanted to treat them as people and expect them to get rid of the so-called happiness in the secular world, but I like saints as happy things.

At that time, I was learning to write poetry and prose, and I wanted to get a meager salary. I don't think I can satisfy you gentlemen. I have been in Beijing for more than a year and have never visited and consulted.

This spring, scholars from all over the world gathered in the Ritual Department, and Mr. Wang and Mr. Ouyang personally came to test us. I didn't expect to win the second place.

Later, I heard that Mr. Wang liked my article and thought that there were some styles. Ouyang Gong was admitted because I couldn't stand the influence of secular style, so I stayed here. It wasn't my close friends who unclog my joints first, nor did my relatives and friends ask for my entrustment. I heard that people who have been famous for more than ten years but can't get in touch with them suddenly become bosom friends.

I take a step back and think about it. I think people can't pursue wealth, and they can't stay poor forever. If a great saint can become his student, then they can rely on it. If you are lucky enough to get a temporary success, with a team of horses and chariots, dozens of followers, and the little people in the alley look at him and admire him, how can you live up to this happiness?

Zuo Zhuan said: "I don't complain, I'm not a freak" because "I can spend my life calmly." Mr. Wang is famous all over the world, but his official position is only five; Mr. Wang has a gentle face and no scowl; Mr. Wang's article is generous and simple, with no complaints.

This must be a keen interest in the way of saints. I hope to hear the teacher's teaching.