Teaching design of pulse and temperature measurement for primary school students

Make students understand how body temperature and pulse are formed, and learn the common measurement methods of body temperature and pulse.

Two. Teaching focus

Methods of measuring human body temperature and pulse.

Three. Preparation before class

Physical projector, picture, thermometer, stopwatch.

Four. teaching process

(A) the introduction of new courses

Please reach out and touch your forehead or neck. How do you feel? What does this mean?

What?

Students all feel that their hands are cold and their foreheads or necks are warm, which shows that our bodies have body temperature. Today, in this health education class, we will learn the lesson of "temperature and pulse" together. (blackboard writing topic)

Look at the topic together.

(B) the initial perception of deep learning

Please open your books and read paragraph 1-4 of the text by yourself. Look at this book.

What knowledge has been introduced to us?

(After reading) Please talk about what you have just learned in groups of four, and then report to you in groups.

(After the exchange) Which classmate told us what your group learned?

1. Body temperature is the temperature in the human body.

The relatively constant body temperature of a normal person is 37. C.can you help the teacher write it on the blackboard? Student blackboard writing-temperature 37. C or so)

The body temperature of a normal person is relatively constant. Do you know why normal people's body temperature is relatively constant? )

Because the human body will produce a lot of heat in the process of metabolism, which is evenly distributed in all parts of the body, and at the same time, the human body will excrete excess heat through organs such as skin and respiratory tract. Because of this, the human body temperature remains relatively constant. For example, in hot summer or strenuous exercise, people will experience a lot of sweating, which is a physiological phenomenon that the human body maintains a constant body temperature.

4. Why do you want to take your temperature? Why do you want to take your temperature? )

Because normal people's body temperature is relatively constant, some diseases will change their body temperature. If you learn to measure your body temperature correctly, you can find abnormal changes in your body in time and judge whether you are sick or not.

5. There are three ways to measure body temperature with a thermometer: axillary table, oral table and anal table. Do you know where the measurement parts of these three methods are? )

The measurement site of axilla measurement method is axilla; The measurement site of oral surface measurement method is oral cavity; The measurement site of anal surface measurement is rectum.

6. The simplest and most commonly used method for measuring body temperature is armpit surface measurement.

Can you tell us something about armpit watches? )

Silver (student, put the thermometer on the physical projector. ) This end is mercury column end, and the silver wire is mercury column. There is also a scale on the thermometer, and this big grid is 1. C, a cell is 0. 1. C.

Teacher, there is also a thermometer here. Who can tell you what the temperature is on the thermometer?

7. Axillary thermometer method for measuring body temperature. Can you show us the method of measuring temperature at the same time? )

(Teacher shows pictures) Let's look at the pictures and take a temperature.

First, set the thermometer to 35 degrees. C, then put the mercury column end above the armpit and hold it for 5 minutes.

Students do some exercise while taking their temperature. (Students sit and answer)

Fill in the blanks:

1. Myopia is a phenomenon (refractive abnormality) in which near objects can be seen clearly and far objects cannot be seen clearly.

2. Normal people's body temperature is maintained at (37. C) around.

There are (206) human bones.

The general method of measuring temperature is to use a thermometer. There are three measurement methods: (axillary surface), (oral surface) and (anal surface).

Anemia is a common disease, especially in children and adolescents (iron deficiency anemia).

6. According to the national regulations, primary school students should get enough sleep (10) hours every day.

7. Teeth are divided into (deciduous teeth) and (permanent teeth). If there is something wrong with the teeth, it will affect chewing and food absorption.

8. Watch TV at a distance of about (2m), and watch TV continuously for no more than (1) hours.

Judge right or wrong:

1. There are many reasons that make people sick, including physical factors, chemical factors, social and psychological factors and so on.

2. Sleep is the best way to rest.

3. Lack of nutrition or excessive nutrition can not make human metabolism out of balance and cause diseases.

Wang Qiang caught a cold and always covered her nose and mouth with a handkerchief when sneezing.

All bacteria are harmful to human beings.

6. Rebecca's children like to wear high heels.

7. No matter how hot it is in summer, you can't eat too many cold drinks.

8. Physical exercise can promote health, but we should pay attention to exercise hygiene.

Please read the mercury scale of your temperature in the group.

Ask the students (2 people) to put the thermometer on the physical projector and tell everyone what their temperature is.

In our daily life, everyone may get sick and go to see a doctor after getting sick. Who has seen Chinese medicine? How does Chinese medicine treat you? That's right. Chinese medicine takes the pulse first, that is, measures it. So what is a pulse? Why do you need to take a pulse? Please read paragraphs 5-8 of the text by yourself to find the answer.

1. (after reading) Who knows what the pulse condition is?

Pulse is the beating of blood vessels, which mainly refer to arteries. Every time the heart contracts, the artery beats, and the beating of the heart is consistent with the beating of the artery.

2. Why do you want to take your pulse?

Because the pulse of normal people is relatively constant, some diseases will cause the pulse to change. If you have a fever, your heart will beat faster, and if you have cardiac insufficiency, your pulse will slow down. It is not normal for this pulse to be too fast or too slow. If you learn to feel your pulse, you can find abnormal changes in your body in time and judge whether you are sick or not.

3. How many times per minute is the relatively constant pulse of a normal person?

The relatively constant pulse of a normal person is 60-80 beats per minute. (blackboard writing)

4. Who can introduce the method of measuring pulse? At the same time, ask for explanation and demonstration, and other students pay attention to observation to see if his explanation and demonstration are correct.

Ask everyone (after the demonstration) is it right? (Right) We use this method to locate two people and find each other's pulse. (Teacher shows pictures)

Who wants to measure the pulse of the teacher in class? Ask the teacher to check whether your measurement method is correct. (4 persons)

Other students are paired, one is a doctor and the other is a patient. Let's feel the pulse. Who will tell you how many times your teacher or classmate's pulse is measured every minute? (5-6 people)

For children of our age, the normal pulse is within 100 beats per minute.

When we measure the pulse, we usually measure the pulse of the radial artery. Our forearm consists of two bones, the inside is called ulna and the outside is called radius, so the artery here is called radial artery. In some cases, we can also check the pulse of other arteries. For example, in physical exercise, when students measure their own pulse, they can also check the pulsation of carotid artery. (This refers to the carotid artery. Students can feel it. -Teacher demonstration)

Let's do an experiment. Let's do a set of leg lifts to see if the pulse changes before and after exercise. Who wants to do this experiment? (4 persons)

(After lifting the leg) Please feel the pulse of these students again. Other students exchange, patients become doctors, and doctors become patients. Let's take our pulse again.

Please tell us how many times your pulse is before and after exercise. (The pulse frequency after exercise is significantly higher than that before exercise. )

Students, what does this experiment show?

Yes, it means that the pulse can be accelerated after exercise. Moreover, after eating, exercising, emotional tension or mental excitement, the pulse will be accelerated, and the pulse varies greatly among individuals. The pulse of adult women is higher than that of adult men. People who exercise regularly have a slow and strong pulse, while those who lack exercise have a weak and fast pulse. The younger they are, the faster their pulse is.

(3) Behavior training

Show the pictures and fill in the blanks:

1. The average person's relatively constant body temperature is (37. C or so)

2. The pulse of a normal person is generally 60-80 times per minute.

3. The methods of measuring body temperature are: (axillary surface) measurement, (oral surface) measurement and (anal surface) measurement.

4. Axillary surface measurement method: put the thermometer (mercury column end) on the subject (armpit top), hold the thermometer for (5- 10) minutes, and take it out to observe the mercury column scale.

5. The method of measuring pulse is: put the measurer's (index finger), (middle finger) and (ring finger) together, put the first knuckle of three fingers on the measurer's wrist (where the arterial pulse is measured), and then count the number of arterial pulses in one minute.

(IV) Summary of the full text

Through the study of this lesson, we have learned the correct method of measuring body temperature and pulse, so as to find abnormal changes in the body in time in the future, judge whether the body is healthy or not, and improve the awareness of self-care.