How much feed does grass carp feed every day?

Feeding is one of the important links of fish culture technology. Often the feeding technology is unscientific, and even the best feed may not get the desired effect. Fish live in water, and the feed they feed is not only easy to lose, but also the feeding status of some kinds of fish is generally not easy to see, which brings certain difficulties to accurate feeding. At the same time, there are many factors that affect fish feeding, such as temperature, water quality and dissolved oxygen. Can prevent fish from floating and feeding. If managers still feed on time, the water quality will be wasted, resulting in a large number of pellet feed waste, greatly improving feed coefficient and affecting economic benefits. However, people often ignore the importance of feeding technology. In order to obtain good feeding effect and reduce the cost of fish farming, scientific and reasonable feeding must be carried out. Therefore, the author combines his many years of farming experience to talk about the following issues for farmers' reference.

First, the palatability of feed particles

Train the fish to concentrate on catching food, and ask the fish to swallow the feed put into the water, so as to reduce the residence time of the feed in the water and avoid the loss of water-soluble nutrients. Therefore, the particle size of pellet feed is required to adapt to the feeding specifications. Too large or too small particles will affect the swallowing effect, so the feed utilization rate is low. The diameter of grass carp's opening feeding is similar to that of carp, and fish also have a preference for the particle size and length of feeding feed, so it is very important to choose the appropriate particle feed. In grass carp breeding, fry below 10g can be selected from fry with particle size of 0.2 mm ~ 0.5 mm and granular feed with particle size of 2.5 mm ~ 3.5 mm and length of 4 mm ~ 5 mm. In adult fish breeding, feed with particle size of 4 mm ~ 6 mm and length of 6 mm ~ 8 mm can be selected according to individual size.

Second, dissolved oxygen in water.

The level of dissolved oxygen in water directly affects fish's ingestion, digestion and absorption after ingestion and fish's growth. The dissolved oxygen in water is low, and fish have poor appetite and are prone to anorexia. After eating, the feed has low digestion and absorption, slow growth and high feed coefficient. The metabolic process of fish nutrients must have enough oxygen to play a role. Therefore, when the dissolved oxygen in the water is insufficient, it will affect the metabolic activity, and the nutrients can not be fully utilized, resulting in the waste of feed. The control of aquaculture water quality is closely related to the demand and utilization of nutrients by fish. Therefore, attention should be paid to the changes of dissolved oxygen in water and weather when feeding. Generally speaking, the weather is normal. Two hours after the sun comes out, the dissolved oxygen in the pond water can reach more than 4mL/L, and the feeding effect is the best at this time. If it is cloudy for several days in a row, try to feed it less or not.

Third, the change of reference water temperature

Fish is a kind of temperature-changing animal, and it lives in water all its life. Water temperature has obvious influence on the feeding intensity of fish. When the water temperature rises in the appropriate temperature range, the feeding temperature of fish increases obviously. When the water temperature is low, the metabolic level of fish decreases, resulting in decreased appetite and slow growth. The growth temperature of the main cultured fish is 20℃ ~ 30℃, with the highest metabolic level, the largest feeding intensity and the fastest growth. Therefore, in addition to the stocking amount, we should also refer to the change of water temperature when feeding.

Fourth, the daily feeding amount should be appropriate.

Only by adopting scientific breeding technology can we ensure its normal growth, reduce production costs and improve economic benefits. With the progress of fishery science and technology, the effect of aquaculture is closely related to whether the feeding amount is appropriate. Different fish, different feed, different growth stages, different weather and water temperature, the daily feeding amount is different. In the prophase, metaphase and anaphase of breeding, the feeding amount should be adjusted every other week according to the weight gain of fish, and the feeding amount should be 80% when the fish is full. The stock quantity and specifications are known and should be used as basic data. According to the water temperature of the culture pond and the specifications of the fish, the daily feeding rate can be found out from the daily feeding rate table. Daily feeding amount = fish weight in the pond × daily feeding rate value. After feeding for a period of time, the calculation method of the total weight of fish in the pond is: the total weight of feed/feed coefficient+stocking amount; Feeding calculation is: daily feeding amount = total feed/feed coefficient = stocking amount × daily feeding rate.

Fifth, feeding should be positioned regularly.

After feeding and training, intensive fish culture in ponds has high technical requirements for feeding. Feeding technology includes feeding quantity, feeding frequency, place, time and feeding method. The feeding machine should make the feed evenly and widely distributed, and avoid the phenomenon that fish with different specifications or weak constitution compete for food in the pond and are not full. When feeding, the principles of "four determinations" and "three observations" should be adhered to. Namely (qualitative, quantitative, timing, positioning) and (weather, water quality, fish situation). Feed it three times a day from April to May, that is, at 8: 30 in the morning, at noon 1 1: 30 and at 4: 30 in the afternoon. Feed it four times a day from June to August, that is, 9: 00 am, noon 12, 3: 00 pm and 6: 30 pm, and the feeding time is 30-40 minutes each time. Pond culture should master the principle of "less two ends and more middle".

1. Adjust the feeding mode according to different stocking modes. When polyculture, we must pay attention to eating all kinds of fish as well as possible to avoid uneven breeding specifications. For example, grass carp has a stronger ability to grab food than carp and crucian carp, and has a large appetite and an advantage in feeding. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the number of times, appropriately extend the feeding time, and the amount of feeding at one time should not be too small, so as to take care of the middle and lower carp and crucian carp to eat feed, and avoid the phenomenon that the specifications of grass carp are large and other varieties are small, which affects the listing specifications. In fishery production, the automatic feeding machine is strongly advocated and applied to change the old feeding method in the past.

2. Always check the food field. In the usual feeding process, close-eye fishing should be done every 15 days. After feeding 1 hour, check whether there is scattered feed around the food field by fishing before the food table, so as to judge whether the feed is suitable and make appropriate adjustments. Remember to stop feeding when the fish don't surface, find out the reason and take corresponding measures.