Red Cross Society of Nanjing University of Science and Technology

Red Cross Society of Nanjing University of Science and Technology

1. Introduction to the Red Cross Society

The Red Cross Society of Nanjing University of Science and Technology was established in 1978, and the student branch of the Red Cross Society was established in 1978. 1998. Since its establishment, Nanjing University of Science and Technology has many members, with an average of 100 to 200 members recruited every year. Since its establishment, the Red Cross has carried out a series of activities with the slogan of "showing love to you and me, and spreading true love in the world" and adhering to the Red Cross spirit of "humanity, fraternity and dedication".

In recent years, the Red Cross Society of Nanjing University of Technology has won the "2002-2004 Jiangsu Province Free Blood Donation Promotion Award", the "Second Prize in the Jiangsu Province Health Knowledge Competition", and the "Jiangsu Province Blood Center Mobile Blood Station" " and other honors, and won the first prize in the Xuanwu District Red Cross Society assessment for seven consecutive years. In 2007, our school was awarded the title of "The First Jiangsu Province Red Cross Model School" by the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Red Cross Society. In June 2007, our school The school Red Cross Society has become one of the five provincial-level Red Cross societies in the province. Currently, the Red Cross Society of Nanjing University of Technology is making unremitting efforts to create a "National Red Cross Model School".

II. Organizational Structure

President of the Red Cross Society of Nanjing University of Science and Technology: in charge of school leaders

Vice president: leaders of the Youth League Committee and hospital leaders

Secretary-General: Deputy Secretary in Charge of the Youth League Committee

The school Red Cross Office is established to be responsible for the development of daily work. The office

is located in the Youth League Committee and is composed as follows:

Director: Deputy Secretary in charge of the Youth League Committee (concurrently)

Deputy Director: Vice President in charge of the hospital

A separate secretary position will be established. Directs the work of the Red Cross student chapter. The Red Cross Student Chapter has five permanent departments, including office, publicity department, training department, activities department and public relations department. Each department has a director and deputy director. Each branch has a Red Cross branch.

3. Departmental Settings

The Red Cross Student Branch has five permanent departments, office, publicity department, training department, activities department and public relations department.

Office: Responsible for the file management of the Red Cross Student Branch and the supervision and guidance of the files of various departments; responsible for the formulation and modification of various rules and regulations of the Red Cross Student Branch under the authorization of the backbone regular meeting; responsible for daily Responsible for the writing and editing work; responsible for the collection and arrangement of relevant manuscripts and promotional materials, etc.; responsible for various tasks of the student branch council.

Propaganda Department: Responsible for the publicity work of various activities, including preliminary publicity, preservation of event pictures, later reports and the construction of the Red Cross website. The Propaganda Department is also responsible for regular knowledge popularization and publicity work.

Training Department: Responsible for the education and quality improvement of internal members and the recruitment and training of Red Cross student chapters. At the same time, he is responsible for the innovation and guidance of emergency medical and peer education activities.

Activity Department: Responsible for the planning and summary of activities, deployment of personnel, application for venues, organization and supervision of the entire activity.

Public Relations Department: Responsible for contacting other student organizations in the school, and communicating with student societies such as the Red Cross Society of brother schools to maintain good communication and cooperation.

IV. Special Activities

1. Carry out preparations for disaster relief and disaster preparedness

2. Carry out publicity and popularization activities on health rescue and disease prevention knowledge;

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3. Participate in blood transfusion and blood donation publicity work, and promote voluntary blood donation activities;

4. Organize members and volunteers to carry out social service activities and other humanitarian services;

5. Carry out fundraising activities in accordance with the law and establish a "love warehouse" to store materials donated by teachers and students

6. Open a "fraternity supermarket" to meet the study and life needs of students while helping people in need inside and outside the school.

7. Carry out peer education for all students in the school to promote the healthy physical and mental development of the students

8. Open a "First Aid Development Camp" to provide training on first aid knowledge, leadership skills, etc.

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9. Carry out some other worldwide publicity activities, such as "World No Tobacco Day" on May 30, "World Blood Donor Day" on June 14, "World AIDS Day" on December 1, etc.

Chapter 2 Voluntary Blood Donation

1. The concept of “voluntary blood donor” recognized by the international community

The voluntary blood donor recognized by the international community is: for People who save the lives of others and voluntarily provide their own blood, plasma or other blood components without receiving any compensation. Either cash or gifts can be considered as money substitutes, including holidays and travel, while small souvenirs and refreshments, as well as payment of travel expenses, are reasonable.

2. Health standards for blood donors

1. Age: 18-55 years old;

2. Weight: male ≥50 kg, female ≥45 kg;

3. Blood pressure: 12-20/8-12KPa, pulse pressure difference 4-5 KPa (kilopascal) or 90-140/60-90 mmHg, pulse Pressure difference ≥ 30mmHg;

4. The heart and lungs are normal, the liver and spleen are not enlarged, and the body temperature is normal;

5. Blood specific gravity: male ≥ 1.052, female ≥ 1.050;

6. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 25 units;

7. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) negative;

8. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV antibody) negative;

9. HIV (HIV antibody) negative;

10. Syphilis test negative;

11. Some doctors think Other symptoms of being unable to donate blood.

If you can pass the above examination, you will be a healthy and happy blood donor!

3. Attention should be paid before and after donating blood

Before donating blood, take as much rest as possible and get enough sleep. In order to ensure the quality of blood, you can eat light food the night before and the morning of donating blood, and avoid eating too greasy food, because transfusion of blood containing a large amount of grease can easily cause the patient's blood transfusion reaction. Never donate blood on an empty stomach.

When donating blood, do not be nervous and work closely with medical staff.

After donating blood, apply pressure on the needle hole for 3-5 minutes. Do not do strenuous activities for one or two days, and keep the needle eye clean to avoid infection. Sometimes there is some tightness around the needle eye. This is because a small amount of blood flows out of the blood vessel. It will subside in a few days. If necessary, you can Apply a warm compress.

4. Will donating 200-400ml of blood at one time affect your health?

For any citizen who meets the conditions for blood donation, donating 200-400ml of blood at one time will never affect your health. This can be explained from the following aspects:

① From the perspective of blood volume, the total blood volume of an adult’s body accounts for about 8% of his body weight. That is to say, for an adult weighing 50 kilograms, the total blood volume of his body The total blood volume is about 4000 ml, and a blood donation of 200-400 ml only accounts for 1/20-1/10 of the total body blood volume;

② From the perspective of blood circulation, the blood in the adult body It does not completely flow in the blood vessels. About 20%-25% is stored in the "blood reservoir", that is, in the liver, spleen and other organs. Only in emergency situations will the blood in the blood reservoir be mobilized to participate in blood circulation. So as to maintain the physiological balance of blood;

5. How long does it take for a blood donation of 200-400 ml to return to normal?

According to many years of observation of blood donation at home and abroad, almost at the same time as blood donation, the blood Recovery begins. First of all, the blood in the body's "blood reservoir" will be immediately released to participate in blood circulation. In addition, the water and sodium in the blood recover within 1-2 hours after donating blood, and the blood protein recovers within 1-2 days. The recovery of red blood cells is slightly slower, and it takes about 10 days to reach the level before blood donation. quantity.

In short, if you donate 200-400 ml of blood, it only takes about 10 days for various blood components to return to normal.

6. Will donating blood transmit diseases?

This is absolutely impossible to happen. The needles and blood bags used in blood stations and blood donation points are disposable supplies that have been strictly sterilized and disinfected. Each blood donor uses a new set of blood bags and needles, so they are absolutely safe.

7. What commendations will voluntary blood donors receive

In order to encourage the noble act of voluntary blood donation and commend them for their selfless contributions to society, the Ministry of Health and the Red Cross Society of China have The following commendation levels have been established for blood donation volume:

◆ The gold trophy is awarded to those who donate more than 3400ML of blood without compensation

◆ The gold medal is awarded to those who donate more than 2400ML of blood

◆ Silver medals are awarded to those who donate more than 1,600ML of blood

◆ Bronze medals are awarded to those who donate blood of more than 1,000ML

◆ Commemorative medals are awarded to first-time unpaid blood donors

Free blood donations When the donor or his immediate family members need blood due to illness, they can use blood for free.

8. Where is it safe to donate blood?

Generally speaking, there are various ways to donate blood in institutions. to announce legal blood collection locations and institutions. You generally don't get diseases or anything like that in these places. However, the forms include the following:

Blood centers, some qualified large hospitals and regional blood donation rooms, street blood collection points, etc.

Jiangsu Provincial Blood Center

Unit address: No. 179, Longpan Road, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

Telephone number: 025-85411569

Postal code: 210042

Website: www.jsblood.com.cn

Chapter 3 Medical First Aid

1. Military Training First Aid

When entering college, the first experience is military training. Although it has entered September, the weather in Nanjing is so volatile, be careful to be bitten by the "autumn tiger".

The school will issue cold drink coupons during military training, but it is not advisable to use drinks instead of boiled water; soda, juice, cola and other drinks contain more saccharin and electrolytes. These substances will irritate the stomach and affect digestion and Appetite, such as drinking large amounts, can also increase the burden on the kidneys. Moreover, you should not eat too many cold drinks. The stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract by a large amount of cold food will speed up peristalsis, shorten the residence time of things in the gastrointestinal tract, and directly affect the body's digestion and absorption of food nutrients. At the same time, the temperature in the gastrointestinal tract is relatively high, and a sudden large amount of cold stimulation may cause gastrointestinal spasm and abdominal pain.

After returning from military training, in order to eliminate sweat and heat as quickly as possible, some students like to take cold baths. However, because the body absorbs a lot of heat under the sun, such as "rapid cooling", the pores in the body will quickly close, The heat cannot be dissipated and remains in the body, causing high fever; at the same time, the rapid contraction of capillaries in the brain can make people dizzy, or even cause shock in severe cases. Therefore, the best way is to drink some water first and then take cooling measures after sweating.

Essential medicine for summer heatstroke prevention

Rendan: It can clear away heat and remove dampness. It is mainly used to treat dizziness, chest depression, abdominal pain and diarrhea caused by heatstroke and heat. It can also be used to treat motion sickness, seasickness and acclimatization.

Ten drops of water: can clear away heat and dispel cold. It is suitable for dizziness, nausea and vomiting, chest tightness and diarrhea caused by heatstroke.

Huoxiang Zhengqi Water: It can clear away heat and relieve symptoms. It is suitable for those who suffer from dizziness, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea caused by cold in summer.

Cool oil: can clear away heat and detoxify. It can treat dizziness and headache caused by heat, or diarrhea caused by greed for cold.

2. Daily first aid

1. Respiratory arrest (artificial respiration)

Tips: First, let the patient lie on his back and tilt his head back to ensure The airway is clear. If there are blood clots, vomitus, dentures and other foreign objects in the mouth, they should be removed as soon as possible. Then perform artificial respiration: the rescuer first takes a deep breath, then pinches the patient's nose and blows air to the patient mouth to mouth, being careful not to leak air. Blow every 5 seconds and repeat. When encountering a person who cannot open his mouth or has serious trauma to his mouth, artificial respiration can be performed by blowing air through his nose.

2. Heartbeat arrest (chest compression)

Tip: First let the patient lie on a hard bed or a flat floor, unbutton his/her coat, and the rescuer will press the palm of one hand The root is placed on the lower third of the sternum, and the other hand overlaps and presses on the back of the hand (Figure 1). The rescuer's arms should remain vertical. Press down continuously with the weight of your upper body at a frequency of about 70 times per minute (Figure 2). When pressing. The force should be moderate, and the sternum should be depressed by 3 to 5 centimeters each time. Note that the palm of your hand should never leave the pressing area.

3. Absence of heartbeat and breathing (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)

Tip: After breathing and heartbeat stop, the brain will soon become hypoxic. Half of the brain cells will be damaged within 4 minutes. Do not perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation for more than 5 minutes. Only 1/4 of people can be saved.

When performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, first tap the heart of the patient on the inside of the left nipple of the patient's chest with your fist rhythmically 2 to 3 times. When raising your fist, keep it 20 to 30 cm away from the chest to master the tapping. The power of the strike. If the pulse has not returned to beat, you should immediately perform 4 consecutive mouth-to-mouth artificial respirations, and then perform chest heart compressions. When a person performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation, perform 2 artificial respirations for every 15 heart compressions. When the two of them cooperate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, they first perform artificial respiration 4 times in a row. Then, one person performed 5 consecutive heart compressions and then stopped, while the other person performed artificial respiration.

3. Drowning

Tip: When rescuing a drowning person. You must use a lifebuoy, ball or wooden board, etc. In addition to full-time lifeguards. Even people who can swim should not approach a drowning person with bare hands. After a drowning person is rescued, his breathing and heartbeat should be checked immediately. If breathing stops, artificial respiration should be performed immediately. First, blow 4 breaths in succession mouth to mouth. Observe whether the patient resumes spontaneous breathing within 5 seconds. If there is no response, artificial respiration should be performed until the patient resumes spontaneous breathing. If a drowning person has no breathing or heartbeat, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be implemented immediately. For example, if a drowning person drinks a lot of water, he or she may become conscious again. Put your knees against the person's back, support the upper abdomen with one hand, and open the mouth with the other hand to let the drowning person spit water. Let the drowning person lie face down on the knees to spit water

4. Fractures

Tip: After confirming that there is a fracture, the injured limb must be immobilized before being sent to the hospital. Otherwise, abnormal movement of the fracture end will aggravate the injury. Wooden boards, wooden sticks, branches, bamboo poles, magazines, etc. can be used as fixed plywood according to local conditions. If there is no material, the upper limb can be fixed on the trunk and the lower limb can be fixed on the opposite healthy limb.

5. Traumatic bleeding

Tips: ① Small or superficial wounds should be washed with cold boiled water or clean tap water first, but do not remove the clots that have clotted. ② When there is a glass piece, knife or other foreign object inserted into the wound, do not touch, press or pull it out. You can squeeze the wound edges on both sides, wrap them with sterilized gauze and bandages, and go to the hospital immediately for treatment. ③ If there is subcutaneous bleeding, swelling and pain caused by collision or blow, the injured area can be covered with sterile gauze or a clean towel, apply a cold compress with an ice pack for half an hour, and then apply a pressure bandage to reduce pain and swelling. Those with serious injuries should go to the hospital. ④ If the wound is bleeding, you can cover the wound with a clean towel or sterilized gauze, apply pressure for 10 to 20 minutes to stop the bleeding, and then wrap it with a bandage. Go to the hospital for treatment depending on the situation.

6. Teach you a few tricks

In daily life, accidental injuries are difficult to avoid. Sometimes it’s unpredictable. When an accident happens. If you don’t have medical first aid supplies around you, you will miss the opportunity to get first aid. In fact, as long as you use your brain, you can adapt to local conditions. Here are a few tricks for you to try.

1. Stockings: can be used as bandages in emergency situations.

2. Tie: In case of fracture, it can be used as a splint or as a tourniquet.

3. Qianjing bath towel: can be used as a triangle towel or thick dressing.

4. Handkerchiefs and hand towels: Iron them thoroughly with an electric iron or sterilize them in a microwave oven at high heat when wet. They can be used as disinfectant dressings.

5. Magazines, rulers, thick wrapping paper, umbrellas, walking sticks: can be used as splints when fractures occur.

6. Plastic wrap: After removing the surface for a few times, it can be directly covered on the ulcerated wound to provide temporary protection. Plastic wrap can also play a similar role.

Chapter 4: Bone Marrow Donation

1. Basic knowledge of bone marrow donation

To perform a bone marrow transplant, you must first find a bone marrow donor whose HLA is exactly the same as yours. This process is called HLA matching. HLA is the English abbreviation of human leukocyte antigen, which is determined by genetics. It is equivalent to the human body's "ID card" and is a marker for immune cells of different individuals to recognize each other. In bone marrow transplantation, the donor and recipient need to have exactly three pairs of HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DR loci before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be performed.

There is a 1/4 chance of having exactly the same HLA matching among siblings. However, in my country, there will be fewer and fewer opportunities for sibling marrow donors. Therefore, it is necessary to turn to society to find HLA-matched donors. marrow person. Since HLA antigens are highly polymorphic, each HLA locus has dozens or more alleles. After permutation and combination, the chance that non-relatives have identical HLAs is very small, about 1/100000 to 1/1000. Therefore, a bone marrow bank including tens to hundreds of thousands of volunteer donors must be established to be of practical significance.

In a normal human body, there is about 3 kilograms of bone marrow, and only about 10 grams of hematopoietic stem cells are donated at a time, and the body can return to normal after 1 to 2 weeks. Moreover, donating bone marrow is now just like donating blood. After using modern technology to drive hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow to the blood, they can be separated from the blood using a blood cell separator. During this process, there is no pain for the donor, no anesthesia is required, and there is no danger to the donor. As we said before, hematopoietic stem cells have a strong self-replication function. After donating bone marrow, the body will restore the original number of hematopoietic stem cells in a short time.

2. Bone marrow donation steps

1. Fill in the blood online bone marrow donation volunteer registration form; Jiangsu Blood Online will keep your information properly and transfer it to the Jiangsu Provincial Blood Center.

2. The relevant organization will arrange for you to conduct a blood test (5 ml) at the appropriate time, and store the HLA typing in the computer database for patients to find matches;

< p>3. If the initial matching types are the same, the bone marrow bank will notify you for further testing;

4. If the matching types are exactly the same, the staff of the bone marrow bank will introduce you to the donation process in detail, and you must Receive a full-body examination;

5. You will be completely awake when donating. Hematopoietic cells (total volume: 50 ml) will be collected from your arm veins, enriched through a blood cell separator, and the remaining blood will be returned to the body. Lose the human body.

3. Is bone marrow donation harmful to the body?

Donating bone marrow will not affect people’s health. Many people think that donating bone marrow means extracting spinal cord. This is completely a misunderstanding. Bone marrow transplantation requires red bone marrow in the human body - hematopoietic stem cells.

The weight of an adult's bone marrow is 3 kilograms. A bone marrow donor can save the life of a leukemia patient by providing less than 10 grams of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells. Therefore, its immune function and hematopoietic ability will not be weakened.