Information about Shenzhou 7

Shenzhou 7 manned spacecraft

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Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, leader of the Manned Space Rocket System Advisory Group, "Shenzhou 7" Huang Chunping, commander-in-chief of the Shenzhou-6 rocket, said after the landing of Shenzhou-6 that the launch of Shenzhou-7 would be delayed by about half a year, and the original launch plan of 2007 would be postponed to 2008. Unlike "Shenzhou 5" and "Shenzhou 6", the key points in the development of the "Shenzhou 7" rocket are the spacesuit and airlock. Because "Shenzhou 7" will achieve space walking, the airlock and spacesuits play an important role in whether the astronauts can suddenly adapt to the vacuum environment from the air pressure in the cabin.

Shenzhou 7 was launched at 21:10:04, 988 milliseconds on September 25, 2008. The spacecraft successfully landed at the main landing site in Siziwang Banner, Inner Mongolia, China at 17:37 on September 28, 2008. The Shenzhou 7 spacecraft flew for a total of 2 days, 20 hours and 28 minutes.

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Wang Zhaoyao was at the "Shenzhou 7" manned space mission headquarters at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 14:30 on September 24, 2008. At the press conference, commissioned by the "Shenzhou 7" Manned Space Flight Headquarters, it was announced that it would be launched directly from 21:07 to 22:27 on September 25 for manned space flight. At that time, Chinese astronauts will leave the capsule for the first time to conduct a space walk. At present, core technical difficulties such as the airlock module have been overcome, and the entire spacecraft has entered the comprehensive testing stage. The Long March 2F rocket used to launch the Shenzhou-7 spacecraft will be fully assembled by the end of December 2007. It is reported that the spacewalk during the "Shenzhou 7" spacewalk had higher requirements for astronauts' assessment. Since the pressure in the space suit is lower than normal, it may release nitrogen in human tissues and form air embolism in blood vessels, causing decompression sickness and even endangering the lives of astronauts! Therefore, astronauts put on their space suits before Afterwards, the airlock must be fully oxygenated, and the astronauts assisting in the work return to the inner cabin (i.e., the orbital cabin), close the inner cabin door, and then the airlock begins to depressurize to a vacuum, consistent with the vacuum state outside the spacecraft. , at this time astronauts can go out of the cabin. When returning to the cabin after completing an extravehicular mission, the spacesuit must be decompressed to a certain extent and then the airlock must be inflated.

"Astronaut extravehicular activity is a highly difficult and high-risk activity." Experts said that the spacewalk during the "Shenzhou 7" required astronauts to conduct sufficient testing and training on the ground. The ground training is usually carried out in a neutral pool with certain requirements for specific gravity. This kind of pool is usually built in a large test room. The spacecraft is placed in the pool and the buoyancy of the water is used to simulate the weightlessness phenomenon in space. Then the astronauts conduct training in and out of the cabin and extravehicular operations in the pool.

Zhang Qingwei, deputy commander-in-chief of China's manned space program, said that the future Shenzhou-7 spacecraft will not be a simple repetition of Shenzhou-6 and will break through many key technologies. The Shenzhou-7 spacecraft will still be launched by the Long March 2-F carrier rocket. This rocket has successfully launched six Shenzhou spacecraft into space before and has a mature technical foundation. At present, the procurement and production of components for a new launch vehicle have begun. Rocket chief designer Jing Muchun said that this time they will use higher quality components. Based on the flight conditions of the first few rockets, scientific researchers will also make partial improvements to this rocket to further improve the reliability of the rocket. In addition, they are also considering adding some cameras to the rocket.

Starting from Shenzhou 7, our country has entered the second phase of the manned spaceflight project. During this stage, scientific goals such as astronauts’ extravehicular travel and space rendezvous and docking will be gradually achieved. All launch missions for the entire second phase of the project will be performed by the Chang-2F rocket.

Detailed information

Astronauts fly the Shenzhou VII like a plane

Zhang Benan, chief designer of China’s manned spacecraft system, said that the Shenzhou VI On the 13th, the two astronauts conducted four major "on-orbit interference force" experiments, including opening and closing the cabin door, putting on and taking off the pressure suit, penetrating the cabin, and extracting condensate water. The results showed that the astronauts' larger movements had little impact on the attitude of the spacecraft, and the attitude of the spacecraft Stay well. After astronaut Fei Junlong, who was flying in space, learned the results, he performed four consecutive forward rolls on the spacecraft the next day. Zhang Bonan said that this was a game played by the astronauts themselves and was not arranged in advance. The results of this space flight showed that Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng were able to correctly issue instructions and accurately control various equipment at any time from the moment they took off until they were ready to return. They could also perform large-scale operations such as door opening and closing successfully in one go. Zhang Bonan said that with the foundation of this experiment, "Shenzhou VII" will arrange astronauts to "fly the spacecraft like an airplane"!

"Shenzhou VII" astronauts are preparing to launch a space walk

Academician Qi Faren believes that going to space is not about traveling, but about completing the research, development and utilization of the space environment. In the past, Yang Liwei was just the first step to give it a try. To complete the task, it required multiple people and multiple days. For example, if you wanted to assemble a space station or repair a satellite, people would have to get out of the cabin, and at least two people would need to get out of the cabin. In the future, if you want to take a transport vehicle to the space station, you need to dock the space station, open the door and take out the people inside. From abroad, they have spent many experiments to do this. Now according to our plan, "Shenzhou VII" hopes that people can leave the cabin. What ordinary people call it space walking.

"Of course, how far is it from the cabin after leaving the cabin? It can be closer or farther away." Academician Qi Faren said that the next step for our country is to solve the problem of rendezvous and docking, which requires at least three people. . So our spaceship must have this capability: three people can stay in the sky for 7 days, and they can carry 300 kilograms of things when they go up, and they can carry 100 kilograms of things when they come back. If this time is successful, there will be no need to try for two more days, and we will leave the cabin next time. Academician Qi Faren believes that the "Shenzhou 7" that is about to leave the cabin must solve two relatively large problems on the basis of the Shenzhou 6. Now astronauts have a sealed cabin and wear spacesuits in this cabin. There is no air outside this capsule, so the spacesuit itself must be able to supply oxygen. The second is that when there is no temperature control, the space suit can ensure its normal temperature, so this space suit is equivalent to a small sealed cabin, which is quite complicated. A more advanced space suit can also be equipped with an engine, which can be set on fire and go away. It is equivalent to a small spacecraft. To leave the cabin, these conditions must be met. Academician Qi Faren said that in the future there will be an airlock on board our ship. People put on spacesuits and go in, close the door, and open the outside door. If the door is opened, the air will be released, so there is an airlock. "I'm just talking about the two main ones. As an astronaut, you have an extravehicular spacesuit. As our spacecraft, we must have an airlock cabin to ensure that there must be atmospheric pressure in the original cabin."

Edit this paragraph 7 major systems

"1" Astronaut System

How are astronauts made?

Driving at the Bei'an River exit of Beijing Badaling Expressway, turn west and enter Beiqing Road. After driving for about 10 minutes, you can see a silver metal sign on the left side of the road - "China Beijing Aerospace City" ". In this small village called Tangjialing, the space city covering an area of ??about 3,500 acres is heavily guarded. The Chinese Astronaut Scientific Research and Training Center is located here.

Shenzhou VII astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Jing Haipeng and Liu Boming. The predecessor of the China Astronaut Scientific Research and Training Center was the Institute of Space Medicine and Engineering founded on April 1, 1968. It was renamed on September 30, 2005. It is the scientific research and training center for Chinese astronauts. It has become the third astronaut scientific research and training center in the world after the Gagarin Training Center in Russia and the Houston Space Center in the United States. It is known as the "cradle of the growth of Chinese astronauts."

It is said that "Shenzhou 7" is based on summarizing the experience of selecting astronauts from "Shenzhou 5" and "Shenzhou 6", based on each astronaut's different division of labor in the crew, and based on personal characteristics. The scientific selection made completely follows the principles of "scientific, fair, objective and reasonable". Aerospace experts said that the "Shenzhou VII" astronauts stood out after a five-level screening process, which can be described as "one in two hundred."

The three astronauts selected for the Shenzhou-7 spacecraft include Zhai Zhigang, who has been selected for the Shenzhou V and Shenzhou VI projects, and two teammates Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng, who have also been selected for the Shenzhou VI project. Among them, the one most likely to carry out the extravehicular mission is Zhai Zhigang, and the first candidate is Liu Boming. Zhai Zhigang, 42, is from Longjiang County, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province. He joined the Air Force in 1985 and has a safe flight record of more than 1,000 hours.

The Feitian space suit is made in China

Shenzhou 7 has prepared two sets of space suits, one is the Russian Seahawk "Feitian" extravehicular space suit, and the other is Feitian space suit independently developed by China. All aspects of the interface of the Feitian space suit are made according to the Chinese model. Feitian is our independent intellectual property. In the future, astronauts may rely on our independent space suits instead of Russian space suits to leave the spacecraft. The space suit used for this outing will be our space suit.

《2》Spaceship application system

Spaceship application system

The spacecraft application system is a practical system that is closely related to people's lives and the environment. The main task of the spacecraft application system is to use the space experiment support capabilities of the manned spacecraft to carry out earth observation, environmental monitoring, and conduct experiments in materials science, life science, space astronomy, fluid science, etc. It is equipped with hundreds of effective equipment for multiple tasks. Payloads and application equipment, the applications in the spacecraft test phase are experimental in nature, and the experimental content is very extensive. The research results will be widely used in pharmaceutical development, food health care, prevention and treatment of difficult diseases, industry, agriculture and other industries. The manned spacecraft system adopts a three-cabin configuration consisting of an orbital module, a return module and a propulsion module, two pairs of solar cell sail panels, and a lift-controlled return and dome parachute recovery solution. The orbital module is located at the front of the spacecraft and houses the equipment and payload required by each subsystem on the ship for autonomous flight and orbital flight of the spacecraft.

The spacecraft application system has successfully served weather forecasting

Since 1992, the application system has completed the development of nearly 200 new payloads and installed more than 200 payload equipment. They participated in the launch and on-orbit test of the Shenzhou 1 to Shenzhou 5 spacecraft respectively, and achieved complete success; the reception, preprocessing, monitoring and management systems of the ground application center all operated without glitches. The system integration test platform, payload application center and space environment forecasting center have been built, scientific research on 67 topics has been carried out, more than 100 new technologies and methods with independent intellectual property rights have been created, and fruitful scientific and technological achievements have been achieved.

In terms of earth observation, the application system has successfully developed medium-resolution imaging spectrometers, multi-mode microwave remote sensors, earth radiation budget instruments, solar ultraviolet spectrum monitors, and solar constant monitors for our country. Waiting for a batch of advanced space remote sensors. Among them, the "Shenzhou" 3 medium-resolution imaging spectrometer is the second medium-resolution imaging spectrometer to enter space after the United States launched MODIS in 1999. The image quality is clear and the spectral resolution is good. The application department has used these results to carry out experimental experiments. Applied research, its evaluation said: "This marks that my country's visible light and near-infrared remote sensing has reached a new level. my country's visible light and near-infrared remote sensing technology has entered the ranks of international advanced countries such as the United States and the European Union"; " The Shenzhou 4 multi-mode microwave remote sensor has obtained a large amount of scientific data with application value during its on-orbit operation. It successfully tested the microwave radiometer, microwave altimeter and microwave scatterometer in one fell swoop, which is an important breakthrough in my country's space remote sensing technology; in conjunction with the microwave altimeter, The precision orbit determination of the spacecraft has reached the highest accuracy of global orbit determination for my country's low-orbit spacecraft; the cirrus detector has the ability to detect large-area cirrus clouds and thin cirrus clouds. The results exceeded expectations and were highly praised by users; it is the first time that my country has achieved Detection of absolute quantities of important parameters of the global environment, systematic monitoring of solar and earth-atmosphere ultraviolet, solar constant and earth's radiation budget status, etc., and the observation results have reached the international level.

In the fields of space life and microgravity science, a number of advanced experimental devices have been developed and dozens of space experiments have been conducted. Among them, space experiments and theoretical research on thermocapillary migration of microgravity droplets have reached the international leading level; space cell culture, cell electrofusion, protein crystallization, space biological effects and space continuous free-flow electrophoresis, as well as research conducted under space microgravity conditions The growth experiments of metal alloys, oxide crystals, and semiconductor optoelectronic materials have also achieved fruitful scientific results, and some of them have reached the international advanced level.

In terms of space astronomy, we are the first in China to conduct space observations of high-energy bursts in the universe and the sun, and have achieved important results in gamma-ray burst detection research. The success of the first phase of the space science program of the manned space program has enabled our country to master important key technologies for space science experiments, and the level of space science experiments and detection has reached a new level. The space environment monitoring and forecasting research arranged as a guarantee for the safety of manned spaceflight has obtained a large number of valuable space environment parameters of spacecraft orbits, accurately predicted meteor burst events and other disastrous space environment conditions that are harmful to spacecraft launches, and ensured To ensure the safety of spacecraft and astronauts, the Space Environment Forecasting Center has been established, which has effectively promoted the construction and development of my country's space environment forecasting guarantee system, and at the same time promoted the research level of related disciplines.

《3》Manned spacecraft system

Manned spacecraft structure:

1. The orbital module is in the shape of a barrel, which is where astronauts work, live and rest. place. The interior layout design of the orbital module has been adjusted to facilitate the installation of application system equipment and astronaut food and drinking water devices. There is a hatch at the bottom of the rear end of the orbital module through which astronauts can enter the return capsule. There are two solar cell wings that look like bird wings on both sides of the outer surface of the orbital module. The electrical energy required by the orbital module is provided by these two battery wings.

2. The return capsule is the only section of the manned spacecraft that returns to Earth. The astronauts are in the return capsule when the spacecraft takes off, ascends to orbit, and returns for landing. The return capsule of Shenzhou 6 is shaped like a bell, and its hatch is connected to the orbital module. Astronauts can enter the orbital module through this hatch. The return capsule is the command and control center of the spacecraft, and the astronaut's seat is installed in the capsule. The astronauts lie on the seats while the spacecraft takes off, ascends and returns to the ground. The return capsule is also equipped with instruments and equipment that need to be monitored and operated by astronauts during flight. Through these instruments, astronauts can judge and understand the working conditions of the spacecraft at any time, and can also manually intervene in the work of the spacecraft's systems and equipment when necessary.

3. The propulsion cabin is also cylindrical in shape. The propulsion system engine and propellant are installed in the cabin. Its mission is to provide the spacecraft with the power required for high-speed attitude and orbit maintenance, as well as spacecraft power supply, environmental control and Some equipment of communication and other systems are also installed here. Two solar cell wings are also installed on both sides of the exterior of the propulsion module to provide the spacecraft with the required electrical energy.

The orbital module and return module of the manned spacecraft are both sealed compartments. The cabin is completely isolated from the outside world. The environmental and life support systems installed inside will provide astronauts with an environment that is the same as the earth's environment. Comfortable living environment. In addition, two main and backup parachutes for landing are also installed. There are two circular windows on the side wall of the return capsule, one for astronauts to observe the scene outside the window, and the other for astronauts to operate the optical sight to observe the ground driving spacecraft.

"4" Launch Vehicle System

Shenzhou 7 used the Long March 2F rocket to enter space. Experts unanimously believe that the functions and performance of the rocket meet the overall engineering and flight mission requirements; the technical status of the product is under control, the development quality is good, and all quality problems that have arisen have been eliminated or there is a clear conclusion that they will not affect the flight mission; the specified reliability has been completed Safety project tests and various preparations meet the requirements of the factory release guidelines for manned space flight products.

The Long March 2F rocket is ready for launch

The main technical indicators of the Long March 2F launch vehicle:

The reliability of the rocket is 0.97, and the safety is 0.997:0 . The reliability of 97 means that out of 100 launches, only 3 times the rocket may have problems; the safety of 0.997 means that out of 1,000 times when the rocket has problems, 3 times may endanger the lives of astronauts. This is the characteristic of manned rockets. The reliability of general commercial rockets is 0.91 to 0.93, and there are no safety requirements.

The take-off weight of the rocket is 479 tons: the rocket plus the spacecraft weighs about 44 tons, and the rest is liquid propellant. Therefore, 90% of rockets are liquid, which is more water than the human body. Water typically makes up 60% to 70% of the human body.

The spacecraft weighs more than 8 tons, accounting for one-sixty-second of the take-off weight of the ship-rocket assembly: to send one kilogram of something into orbit, 62 kilograms of rockets must be consumed. The Shenzhou-6 spacecraft is heavier than the Shenzhou-5, so the rocket that launches the Shenzhou-6 is also much heavier.

The diameter of the rocket core is 3.35 meters: the ancient Romans used two-horse carts, and the wheels wore two grooves on the stone road. Because the wheels are of different widths, grooves of different widths are left on the road. Later, when they wanted to unify the wheelbase, they took the buttocks of two horses side by side as the standard, which was 1.435 meters. Later, when the British built railways, they also set the track gauge to 1.435 meters, which was used by all countries. The railway built according to this gauge can transport goods with a maximum width of 3.72 meters. If the carriage shell is removed, only 3.35 meters remain. Therefore, the maximum diameter of a rocket transported by standard railways can only reach 3.35 meters.

The speed of the rocket at the point of entry into orbit is 7.5 kilometers per second: this speed is 22 times the speed of sound. What we usually call "Ten Mile Long Street" refers to the distance from Jianguomen Gate to Fuxing Gate in Beijing, which is 6.7 kilometers long. The speed of 7.5 kilometers per second is equivalent to running from the east end of Chang'an Street to the west end in one second.

The rocket orbit is 200 kilometers near the earth and 350 kilometers far away: the earth’s radius is 6,400 kilometers, and the distance between the rocket orbit and the earth is only a few tenths of the earth’s radius. If you stand outside the earth and look at it, the spacecraft will appear to be flying close to the ground.

"5" Launch Site System

The basic mission of the manned space launch site is to provide reprinting, final assembly, testing and transportation that meet technical requirements for launch vehicles, spacecrafts and payloads Facilities; provide pre-launch living, medical supervision, medical insurance and training facilities for astronauts; provide a complete set of ground facilities for the launch of manned spacecraft; organize, direct and implement the testing, launch and flight ascent stage of the manned spacecraft, command and dispatch, Monitor, display and communicate; organize, direct and implement emergency rescue operations in the ready-to-launch and ascent stages; complete the tracking measurement and safety control of the launch vehicle's ascent stage; provide relevant parameters and images to the aerospace command and control center; provide manned space launch areas Logistics service guarantee.

The Jiuquan launch site was built on an oasis in the Gobi Desert, with mountains to the west and rivers to the east. It was a geomantic treasure site personally selected by Marshal Nie Rongzhen. So far, when mentioning Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, many people will think of Jiuquan. In fact, the Jiuquan Launch Center is located in Ejina Banner, Alxa League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which is still 210 kilometers away from Jiuquan. At that time, it was named after "Jiuquan". First, because at that time, missile satellite launch sites in various countries avoided the real address when naming them. Second, the launch site was located in the Gobi desert, so it was difficult to choose a well-known place name, and Jiuquan was the closest to the launch center. And it is a famous city in history.

Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, also known as "Dongfeng Space City", is one of the launch test bases for China's scientific satellites, technology test satellites and launch vehicles. It is the earliest and largest comprehensive missile and satellite in China. The launch center is also China's only manned space launch site. As the mission changes, the launch site must not only provide a testing environment and technical support for the extravehicular spacesuit during the Shenzhou VII mission, but also re-formulate the testing and launch procedures to integrate the joint testing of the extravehicular spacesuit and the spacecraft, and the extravehicular spacecraft. The joint testing of servers and rockets will be included in the testing process.

"6" Measurement and control communication system

Among the seven major systems of the "Shenzhou" spacecraft, measurement, control and communication are crucial. For example, the spacecraft is like a kite. The measurement and control stations and the ocean-going survey ships distributed in the three oceans are the strings that hold the kite. The ground control system is like a kite flyer. The design level of the overall measurement, control and communication plan is very high. The level is directly related to the success or failure of the manned space project.

When the launch vehicle is launched and the manned spacecraft flies to the sky and returns, it is necessary to rely on the measurement and control communication system to maintain regular contact between the sky and the earth, complete the reception and processing of the spacecraft telemetry parameters and TV images, and control the spacecraft operation. and the measurement and control management of the track retention work of the orbit module. This measurement and control communication system consists of the Beijing Aerospace Command and Control Center, onshore ground measurement and control stations and the Yuanwang ocean space survey fleet. It performs spacecraft orbit measurement, remote control, telemetry, rocket safety control, and astronaut escape control tasks.

my country's spacecraft measurement and control system has formed a modern comprehensive measurement and control network with the Xi'an Satellite Measurement and Control Center as the center and more than ten fixed stations, movable measurement and control stations and the Yuanwang measurement ship as the backbone.

In the manned aerospace project, my country's spacecraft measurement and control system uses a unified S-band system, which sends or receives telemetry and remote control signals as well as voice and television signals through the same transmitter and antenna system and receiving equipment. After the lunar exploration horn sounded, my country's aerospace measurement and control network began to build a lunar exploration measurement and control system. The second phase of the lunar exploration project will build a 35-meter-diameter antenna deep space measurement and control network to improve my country's deep space measurement and control capabilities. In the future, our country will further strengthen international cooperation in the field of deep space measurement and control.

Mission:

The main purpose of this mission is to carry out the first space extravehicular activity for Chinese astronauts, break through and master the relevant technologies for extravehicular activities, and at the same time carry out satellite accompanying flights , satellite data relay and other space science and technology experiments. During the operation of the spacecraft, an astronaut wearing the "Flying" extravehicular spacesuit developed by our country went out of the cabin to conduct extravehicular activities and recover the test sample device loaded outside the cabin.

According to the plan, the Shenzhou spacecraft will be launched from the Manned Space Launch Site of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in China and run in a near-circular orbit at an altitude of about 343 kilometers.

After the astronauts’ extravehicular activities are completed, the spacecraft will release an accompanying satellite. There will also be a "Tianlian-1" satellite data relay test.

After completing its scheduled flight mission, the Shenzhou-7 spacecraft will return to its main landing site in central Inner Mongolia.

《7》Landing site system

The spacecraft landing site system is responsible for capturing, tracking and measuring the re-entry trajectory of the spacecraft, searching and recovering the return capsule, and astronaut departure. The general name for related subsystems such as medical supervision, medical insurance, medical rescue and emergency evacuation behind the cabin.

The landing site is a newly added system in my country's manned spaceflight project. The main task of the landing site system is: after the spacecraft flies in space, starting from the return capsule re-entering the atmosphere, it uses an advanced radio measurement system to capture, analyze and predict the landing point of the target, and then organizes a rapid approach to the return capsule and performs the return The cabin is disposed of and safely transported back to the base. The landing site system also includes: land and sea emergency return search and rescue subsystems during the ascent stage of the spacecraft. Special salvage lifeboats and helicopters are deployed in the sea rescue area, and are equipped with equipment that can salvage return capsules floating on the sea under complex sea conditions. .

It is certainly not a simple matter to allow a spacecraft flying at an altitude of more than 300 kilometers to accurately land at a predetermined location on the rotating earth. It requires a variety of technical support and a very reliable control systems, tracking systems and safe landing field systems. When the former Soviet Union's spacecraft returned, due to a deviation in the control system, the spacecraft deviated from the scheduled landing site by more than 1,000 kilometers. As a result, when the spacecraft landed at a certain height from the ground, after the three astronauts ejected from the spacecraft (at that time, they landed by parachute, not directly by the spacecraft), two astronauts landed, and one astronaut fell to the ground. In the forest. Since the helicopter could not land in the forest, loggers had to rush to the scene and open a landing pad for the helicopter to land before rescuing the people. The weather was very cold at that time. The astronauts froze in the forest for a day and a night and almost froze to death. Therefore, in addition to the very important control and tracking technology of the spacecraft, the selection and construction of the spacecraft landing site are also very particular.

Of course, the landing site of the spacecraft is not like the landing site for skydivers, which is to draw a circle on a flat ground and make a clear mark. The skydivers can control the parachute by themselves and fall into it. The selection of a spacecraft landing site is far from simple, and its construction is a very complex system.

Shenzhou 7 Log

From September 25 to 28, 2008, Beijing time, China successfully carried out the Shenzhou 7 manned space flight.

Day 1 September 25

17:30: Astronaut departure ceremony. Hu Jintao came to the Wentian Pavilion, the astronaut apartment, and cordially visited the three astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming, and Jing Haipeng who were on the mission, and honored them.

Around 18:00: Three astronauts arrived at the launch site. After confirming the technical status, the astronauts entered the Shenzhou VII return capsule one after another.

Around 18:35: Zhai Zhigang began to try operations with the baton.

Around 21:09: The launch of Shenzhou 7 enters 1 minute of preparation, and the swing rods are all opened.

Around 21:09: Rocket ignition

21:10: Shenzhou 7 spacecraft takes off

At 120 seconds after ignition, the rocket throws away the escape tower< /p>

At 159 seconds after ignition, the first and second stages of the rocket separated successfully

At 200 seconds after ignition, the fairing separated

At 500 seconds after ignition, the second stage rocket shut down

At 583 seconds after ignition, the spacecraft and the rocket successfully separated

At around 21:22: the astronaut reported: The solar panel was deployed and the body felt good.

Around 21:30: Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center announced that the spacecraft entered orbit normally.

Around 21:32: Chang Wanquan, commander-in-chief of the manned space program, announced that the Shenzhou 7 spacecraft was successfully launched.

22:07: Space environment forecast for the first on-orbit and extravehicular activities of Shenzhou VII after the launch: The space environment is calm and safe for the spacecraft's on-orbit operation.

Around 23:19: During the second flight of the Shenzhou-7 spacecraft, astronaut Zhai Zhigang entered the orbital module from the spacecraft return module for the first time to carry out work.

The second day, September 26

4:04: The Shenzhou 7 spacecraft successfully changed its orbit from an elliptical orbit to a nearly circular orbit.

Around 10:20: The astronauts began to assemble and test the extravehicular spacesuit.

12:00:36 to 8:46: The Yuanwang-6 ship accurately measured and controlled the Shenzhou VII spacecraft for the first time.

12:47 to 12:59: The Shenzhou VII spacecraft successfully passed through the anomaly area in the South Atlantic.

Around 21:47: The two extravehicular spacesuits of "Feitian" and "Haiying" were assembled

Around 21:59: Astronaut Zhai Zhigang and the flight control center Experimental world dialogue.

At around 22:25, astronauts began to wear personal equipment

Around 23:36: Zhai Zhigang made his debut in space wearing the "Feitian" extravehicular space suit independently developed by China.

Day 3 September 27

Around 13:57: The door of the return module is closed, and the astronauts begin preparations for leaving the capsule.

Around 15:30: The air tightness check of the extravehicular suit was normal, and the air pressure valve check was normal.

Around 15:48: The command center approved the orbital module to start depressurizing. The Shenzhou VII orbital module began to depressurize for the first time.

Around 14:00: The Shenzhou VII Mission Headquarters decided that Zhai Zhigang would be the astronaut to leave the cabin, Liu Boming would support and cooperate with Zhai Zhigang in the orbital module, and Jing Haipeng would be on duty to return to the cabin.

Around 16:17: Shenzhou 7 had a dialogue with the Beijing Flight Control Center. The spacecraft was operating normally, the astronauts said they felt good, and the astronauts' oxygen inhalation and nitrogen elimination was completed.

Around 16:22: The astronauts put on their extravehicular spacesuits.

Around 16:24: All important steps of the extravehicular activity have ended. The astronauts' preparations for inhaling oxygen, expelling nitrogen, and releasing pressure are complete.

At about 16:26: The orbital module began to depressurize for the second time. When the air pressure in the cabin dropped to 2 kilopascals, the conditions for astronauts to exit the module could be met.

Around 16:39: With the assistance and cooperation of Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng, astronaut Zhai Zhigang of China's Shenzhou 7 manned spacecraft successfully exited the spacecraft, carrying out China's first space extravehicular activity.

At 16:48, Zhai Zhigang took the first step in space, and the first Chinese spacewalk began.

16:58: The Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center issued an order: "Shenzhou 7, return to the orbital module."

Around 16:59: Zhai Zhigang entered the orbital module and completely closed the orbital module door to complete the spacewalk.

Around 15:01: The orbital module is closed normally.

At around 18:32: Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, President of the People’s Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, had a space-to-earth call with the Shenzhou VII astronauts.

19:24: When the Shenzhou-7 spacecraft reached its 31st lap, it successfully released the accompanying small satellite. This is the first time China has carried out a micro-satellite accompanying flight test on a spacecraft.

Around 20:16: The accompanying satellite completed 20 minutes of taking pictures of Shenzhou 7, and the image was very clear.

21:45: The three astronauts on Shenzhou 7 have a space-to-earth call with their families.

Day 4 September 28

At about 11:06, the astronauts changed into their spacesuits in the cabin.

At about 11:16, the three astronauts put on cabin pressure suits and prepared for return. Return control data will be injected into the spacecraft.

At about 11:46, the return control data was injected into the spacecraft.

At about 12:51, the door of the Shenzhou-7 return cabin closed, and the Shenzhou-7 return phase began.

At about 15:26, the convoy responsible for the search, rescue and recovery of the Shenzhou VII spacecraft had set off from Wulanhua Town, Siziwang Banner, and was heading towards the main landing site.

At about 15:59, the main landing area of ??Siziwang Banner entered a state of high alert. All intersections were guarded by officers on duty, and entry of unrelated personnel and vehicles was strictly prohibited.

At about 16:22, the ground search and rescue team at the main landing site was heading towards the theoretical landing point of the spacecraft.

At about 16:41, each measurement and control station entered the 10-minute preparation for the return tracking of the Shenzhou VII spacecraft.

At about 16:44, the Beijing Flight Control Center issued an instruction to adjust the attitude of the spacecraft. The spacecraft adjusted its position in one go.

At about 16:51, the Beijing Flight Control Center announced that the spacecraft had entered the normal return orbit

At about 17:02, all six search and rescue helicopters from the main landing site took off

< p> At about 17:06, the Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center issued a landing warning to all measurement and control points

At around 17:12, the propulsion module and return module successfully flew away

17 At around 17:00, the search and rescue helicopter arrived in the designated airspace and was on standby

At around 17:20, the Shenzhou 7 spacecraft flew into the sky over China

At around 17:20, the return capsule's parachute opened< /p>

At about 17:21, the spacecraft entered the black zone, and communications with the ground control center were temporarily interrupted.

At about 17:22, the spacecraft entered the sky above the main landing site

At about 17:24, the spacecraft flew out of the black barrier area

At about 17:25 , the search and rescue personnel held up a sign in the helicopter to indicate: Search and rescue has begun.

At about 17:25, the three astronauts reported to the ground that they felt fine.

At about 17:36, Shenzhou 7 completed the manned space mission and the return capsule landed smoothly.

At around 18:22, astronaut Zhai Zhigang successfully exited the cabin

At around 18:23, astronauts Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng successfully exited the cabin