The origin of allusion of vernal equinox

In daily study, everyone has memorized many knowledge points. You must be very familiar with them! Knowledge points are not necessarily words. In addition to the definition of mathematical knowledge points, equally important formulas can also be understood as knowledge points. Mastering knowledge points is the key to improving our grades! The following is my collection of allusions about the vernal equinox, hoping to help everyone.

The vernal equinox has three stages: the arrival of the mysterious bird, the beginning of thunder and electricity.

The vernal equinox, which means that day and night are equally divided, ranks among the four solar terms. At this time, the equatorial sunshine is direct, the spring blossoms, the birds are singing and the flowers are fragrant, and the vegetation grows, which is suitable for farming and field management; Sightseeing, traveling, etc.

Definition of vernal equinox phenomenon

In fact, it usually refers to the day when the sun is really at 0 degrees of the yellow meridian: March 20 or March 2 1.

In terms of time period, it refers to the position where the sun is located between 0 degrees and 15 degrees, from March 20th to April 5th.

Vernal equinox calculation

[Y*D+C]-L

Interpretation of the formula: the last two digits of the number of years are multiplied by 0.2422 plus 20.646, and the integer is subtracted from the number of leap years. C value 2 1 century vernal equinox =20.646.

For example, the date of 1992 vernal equinox = [92× 0.2422+20.646]-[92/4] = 42-23 = 19, and March19 is the vernal equinox.

Exception: calculation result in 2084 plus 1 day.

Ancient records of vernal equinox

The vernal equinox was also called "Japan-China", "Day and Night Equinox" and "Midspring Moon" in ancient times. "Li Mingshi Yi" said: "The dividing line, the turn of Huang Chi, the sun stops here, and the day and night are equally divided." Therefore, the significance of the vernal equinox, first, refers to the equal division of day and night, each of which is 12 hours; Second, in ancient times, it was spring from beginning of spring to long summer, and the vernal equinox happened to be in the three months of spring, and spring was equally divided.

Twenty-four solar terms: "in mid-February, half a minute, that is, 90 days and a half, so it is called minutes." Autumn is synonymous. "

Han Dong's book "Spring and Autumn Stories Up and Down of Yin and Yang": "As for the mid-spring moon, Yang is due to the east and Yin is due to the west, it is called the vernal equinox. The vernal equinox is half yin and half yang, so it is cold and summer day and night. "

The corresponding phenological phenomenon in the ancient Yellow River basin is "the arrival of a mysterious bird, the thunder and the electricity" (see "Nongsang Tongzhi"). At this time, the overwintering crops in most parts of China entered the spring growth stage. A farmer's proverb in central China says, "Wheat rises at the vernal equinox, which is a worthwhile moment." The vernal equinox is also a traditional festival. In the Zhou dynasty, there was a ceremony to worship the sun at the vernal equinox.

Book of Rites: "Altar." Confucius' Ying Da Shu: "Also called the vernal equinox." This custom has been handed down from generation to generation. Pan Qingrong won Ji Sheng at the age of Emperor Jing: "The vernal equinox and autumn are a grand ceremony of the country, and scholars should not worship it." Around the Spring Equinox in Qing Dynasty, ministers in the palace paid homage to ancestral temples, and aristocratic families also paid homage to ancestral temples every day.

The Chronicle of Jingchu in Liang Zonggu of the Southern Dynasties records: "On the day of the vernal equinox, people planted fire-fighting grass on their houses. If there is a bird like a blackbird, the rooster will crow first and the door frame will creak. When people wait for the bird, they will go into the field and think they will wait. " In the Ming Dynasty, planting trees in Zichuan, Shandong Province, brewed spring wine to cool off the heat. "Wenshui County Records" contains: "On the vernal equinox, the wine is cold and the flowers move."

In ancient China, the vernal equinox was divided into three periods: "First, waiting for the arrival of birds; Second, wait for Lei Nai to make a sound; Third, wait for electricity. " In other words, after the vernal equinox, swallows will fly from the south, and when it rains, the sky will thunder and lightning. The vernal equinox is recorded in the ancient calendar of China: "Three days before the vernal equinox, the sun entered the equator".

Climatic characteristics of vernal equinox

On the vernal equinox, the sun shines directly at the equator, and day and night are almost equal. Then the direct sunlight position gradually moved northward, and the days were long and the nights were short. The vernal equinox is an important solar term, which not only has astronomical significance: the northern and southern hemispheres are equally divided day and night; Climatically, there are also obvious characteristics. During the spring equinox, China has entered a beautiful spring scenery except the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Northeast China, Northwest China and North China. On the vast land, willows are green, Fei Ying grass grows, wheat jointing and rape blossoms are fragrant.

During the spring equinox and solar terms, the East Asian trough is obviously weakened, and the trough ridge activity in the westerly belt is obviously enhanced. From Mongolia to the northeast, there are often low-pressure activities and cyclone development. Low-pressure movement causes cold air to go south, and it is windy and windy in the north. When the long wave trough moves eastward, there will be continuous rainy and cold weather due to the intersection of cold and warm air masses.

During the vernal equinox, the daily average temperature in all parts of China rose steadily to above 0℃ except the alpine mountain area and the area north of 45 north latitude. The severe cold has passed, and the temperature rises rapidly, especially in North China and Huanghuai Plain. The daily average temperature rises to above 10℃ almost at the same time as the rainy areas along the Yangtze River and the south of the Yangtze River, entering a bright spring. Huge. On the earth, the willows are on the green bank, the grass grows in Fei Ying, the wheat is jointing, the rape is fragrant, the peach blossom is red, Li Baichun is yellow. South China is a scene of late spring. According to the climate law, the precipitation in Jiangnan increased rapidly at this time, and it entered the period of "peach blossom flooding" in spring; In the northeast, north and northwest regions where "spring rain is as expensive as oil", precipitation is still very little, so resisting the threat of spring drought is the main problem of agricultural production.

The origin and characteristics of vernal equinox

Day and night at the vernal equinox: the day in the northern hemisphere is shorter than the night.

On the day of the vernal equinox, the sun shines almost directly on the equator of the earth, and the whole world is almost as long as day and night (regardless of the refraction of the sun's light by the atmosphere and the shadow in the morning). After the vernal equinox, the direct point of the sun continued to move from the equator to the northern hemisphere, and the northern hemisphere began to have long days and short nights (long days and short nights), while the southern hemisphere began to have short days and short nights (short days and short nights). Therefore, the vernal equinox is also called the ascending equinox.

At the North Pole and the South Pole, at the vernal equinox, the sun is on the horizon all day. After that, as the direct point of the sun continued to move northward, a six-month polar day began near the North Pole, and the scope gradually expanded; A six-month polar night began near the Antarctic, and the scope gradually expanded.

It is worth noting that the days in the northern hemisphere become longer and longer from the winter solstice, but from the vernal equinox, the days are longer than the nights. From the summer solstice, the days become shorter and shorter, but from the autumn equinox, the days are shorter than the nights. The reason is that on the solstice of winter, the sun shines directly on the tropic of Capricorn, and the daytime is the shortest in all parts of the northern hemisphere. Then the direct point of the sun began to move northward, and the days in all parts of the northern hemisphere became longer and longer.

After the vernal equinox, the direct point of the sun moved to the northern hemisphere, and the phenomenon that the day is longer than the night began to appear in the northern hemisphere. From summer solstice, the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer, and the days are the longest in all parts of the northern hemisphere. Then the direct point of the sun began to move south, and the days in all parts of the northern hemisphere became shorter and shorter. After the autumnal equinox, the direct point of the sun moved to the southern hemisphere, and the phenomenon that the day was shorter than the night began to appear in the northern hemisphere. In the same southern hemisphere, the days are longer than the nights.

A story about the origin of solar terms on the vernal equinox.

The story of vernal equinox

A long time ago, there was an emperor who deeply loved his people and cared about folk life. His name is Yandi. When he knew that people needed more food to satisfy their hunger, he prayed to heaven to provide people with food seeds. So, God sent a red finch to send food seeds to Emperor Yan.

Emperor Yan loved the people and immediately distributed the seeds of the five grains to everyone. People are happy to sow in the fields, expecting a good harvest day after day. But after a long time, those rice seedlings did not bloom and there was no bumper harvest. So Emperor Yan went to ask God. God said it was because the sun hid and fell asleep, and the seeds of the five grains didn't get enough sunshine, so they couldn't blossom and bear fruit.

He asked heaven how to wake up the sun. God said that someone needs to ride a colorful bird on the vernal equinox and go to Penglai Island to get the sun back and hang it in the sky again. Penglai Island is a fairy tale island. No one has been there. It is said that there are many difficulties to reach this island. For the sake of his people, Emperor Yan decided to go to the island to find the sun himself.

So, on the day of the vernal equinox, Emperor Yan rode a colorful bird and flew over the Sea of Wan Li to Penglai Island. Strange to say, the rough sea became very calm that day. When Emperor Yan came to Penglai Island, he picked up the sun and rode back to his hometown. He hung the sun above his hometown and let the sun shine on the earth.

Since then, there has been abundant food on the earth, and all people are very happy. Emperor Yan was honored as the sun god. People are very grateful to Yan Di, the sun god, so they always worship the sun every spring equinox, and people will stand on the back of a bird like Yan Di. Later, people even found that even eggs could stand up on this day.

After the vernal equinox, swallows fly back from the south, spring thunder begins and lightning comes.

What should the vernal equinox do?

Stand an egg

"When the vernal equinox comes, eggs are beautiful." Every year on the vernal equinox, tens of millions of people all over the world are doing "vertical egg" experiments. How this toy, called "China Custom", became a "world game" is still difficult to verify. However, its gameplay is really simple and interesting.

the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year

The vernal equinox is also the beginning of the Spring Festival. Spring Festival, that is, the beginning of sweeping graves to worship ancestors, is also called Spring Festival. Before sweeping the grave, a grand ancestor worship ceremony should be held in the ancestral hall, pigs and sheep should be slaughtered, drummers should be invited to play, and the ritual students should read the eulogy and quote three praises.

Eat spring vegetables

Confucius said, "From time to time, I don't eat." Food has its own season. As the name implies, spring vegetables are spring vegetables.

In Lingnan area, there is a custom of eating spring vegetables at the vernal equinox. "Spring vegetable" is a kind of wild amaranth, which villagers call "Artemisia chun". On the vernal equinox, the whole village went to pick spring vegetables. When searching in the wild, it is often green and thin, about the length of a palm. Picked spring vegetables are usually boiled with fish fillets at home, which is called "spring soup". There is a jingle that says, "Spring soup is dirty, but it washes the liver and intestines. The whole family is safe and healthy. "

Send spring cattle

It's the vernal equinox, send a picture of spring cattle. Spring cattle map refers to printing the solar terms of all seasons on red paper or yellow paper, and then printing the patterns of farmers ploughing the fields. People who send pictures are generally good at singing. They mainly say some common sayings that spring ploughing and good luck do not go against the farming season. Every time they go to a house, they improvise, make the host happy and give money. Although these words are spoken casually, they are melodious. Commonly known as "spring", spring people are called "spring officials".

Sticking sparrow's mouth

On the vernal equinox, farmers will eat jiaozi at home, cook a dozen or twenty or thirty jiaozi without heart, and put them in the outdoor fields with thin bamboo forks, which are called sticky birds' mouths to prevent birds from harming crops.

Go for an outing and fly kites

After the vernal equinox, people began to go for an outing one after another. Flying kites is an important outdoor activity. In ancient times, there was also the custom of drinking sanhua at the vernal equinox. On this day, people of all ages, men, women and children will spend flowers.

Kite, called "kite" in ancient times and "kite" in the north, has a history of more than 2000 years. Both "kite" and "kite" are eagles. In ancient times, kites were mostly made of silk or paper in the shape of eagles, so kites were also called "paper kites" and "paper kites". Later, kites took on different shapes, and most of them were released in spring.

Drink spring wine

China, Zhejiang and Shanxi's Vernal Equinox Wine-making Custom. It is recorded in an ancient book: "The wine brewed by the vernal equinox is stored in an urn, and the dross melts after three days. Its color is red, and its taste will not be bad for a long time. This is the so-called vernal equinox wine. "

worship

The folk festivals around the vernal equinox are February 15, Zhang Kai's birthday: Wang Sheng, also known as "Chen", was a warrior of the Tang Dynasty, Chen Yuanguang, who made great contributions to Zhangzhou and became the patron saint of Zhangzhou after his death. February 19 is the birthday of Guanyin Bodhisattva. Every birthday, many believers will go to Guanyin Temple to worship. On February 25th, Sanshan King Sacrifice Day: Sanshan King refers to Dushan, Mingshan, Jinshan and other mountain gods in Jieyang County, Chaozhou Prefecture, Guangdong Province. In the early years, Chaozhou Hakka immigrants were the patron saint, so the believers were mainly Hakkas.

Three stages of vernal equinox

Xuanniaozhi

Ye Yan Xuanniao said, "The vernal equinox comes and the autumn equinox goes."

Lei naisheng

The thinness of yin and yang is thunder. At this time, the four yang are gradually flourishing, and there is still yin, so it is thin and sound; Yes, the rhyme club said, "It is difficult to exhale like gas." Shu Zhu said: "hair, still out."

Initial power

Electricity, sunshine also; The four yang are flourishing, and the gas is exhausted and the light is born. Therefore, "Li Jie" said: "All voices are positive; It's just yang. " "Yi" said: "Thunder and lightning are combined into one chapter. "The Biography of the Ram also said," Electricity, Lei Guang. "Yes, Xu said," Thunder is the sun and electricity is the yin. "Not really. It is obvious that there is electricity without thunder in midsummer.