Characteristics of concave terrain and its utilization

Characteristics and utilization of concave topography: the difference and reason between concave and convex topography and climate, that is, the difference and reason between basin and mountain climate.

Concave topography and climate: the influence of topography on climate is varied. Mountains can block the movement of air masses, so mountains often become the dividing line regardless of climatic conditions. For example, the Qinling Mountains and Nanling Mountains in China are important climatic dividing lines of Chu State. Terrain is also affected by altitude, discontinuous cushion surface, slope direction and slope. All climatic factors have turned into palladium, forming a special mountain climate.

Factors affecting the atmosphere of concave terrain;

The atmospheric transparency in mountainous areas is great, and the path of solar rays passing through the fire site is short, which makes the intensity of direct solar radiation increase and the intensity of scattered solar radiation decrease. The radiation amount of mustard in slope direction is also different. In the northern hemisphere, the north slope is the least and the south slope is the most. Especially when the sun's altitude angle is small in winter.

The temperature in mountainous areas decreases with the elevation. Generally, the valley is warmer than the mountain, but when the weather is quiet and the air layer is not disturbed by the wind, it is prone to terrain inversion at night, when the valley is colder than the hillside tens of meters or even hundreds of meters above it. The temperature in the mountains is higher than that in the free atmosphere at high altitude.

The average cooling rate is smaller than that in the free atmosphere, and the average daily cooling rate is about 5℃. On the vast and flat plateau, because large rocks can absorb too much solar radiation, the temperature is higher than that of the free atmosphere at the same height, and the direct reduction rate is smaller. The direct reduction rate of wet windward slope is much less than that of dry leeward slope.