Is it true that Kong Ming borrowed Dongfeng?

Question 1: Is it true that Zhuge Liang borrowed the east wind? There is no such thing. In fact, Zhuge Liang's main achievement during his stay in Battle of Red Cliffs was to promote the combination of Liu Bei's military group and Sun Quan's military group, which was his main achievement, and Zhuge Liang's main achievement before Liu Bei's death was to formulate a political strategy of three points in the world for Liu Bei. In other words, Zhuge Liang is an outstanding politician, not necessarily an outstanding strategist, and Zhuge Liang's military talent is questionable. Now there is a couplet written by A Qing Zhao Fan in Wuhou Temple. He said: "if you can attack his heart, you will be self-defeating. Since ancient times, you have known that soldiers are not good at fighting; Don't judge the situation, temper leniency with severity, and you have to think deeply in the future. " In fact, this heart-to-heart couplet is a euphemism for criticizing Zhuge Liang for being militaristic and combining leniency with severity when he presided over the work of Shu after Liu Bei's death. But in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang became an outstanding strategist, and he had a clever plan. Other military generals turned into marionettes, foolishly took their troops to war, and took out a pocket when they arrived. The strategist gave me a clever plan. Open it and have a look. Oh, let's start. This is really outrageous. What does this mean? Shows people's admiration for him. Really deified him.

Question 2: What is the real situation of Kong Ming's borrowing from Dongfeng? In Battle of Red Cliffs, Kong Ming advised Sun Quan to unite with Liu, which is a historical fact. As a strategist who participated in the Chibi War and lived closest to the ancient battlefield in Chibi, it is not surprising to know the local climate. When Zhou Yu decides to take fire attack, he should consider the wind direction. Zhuge Liang's participation in decision-making may have put forward important opinions on solving the problem of wind direction. However, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms exaggerated this point, and in order to highlight the roles of Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei, it compiled a story of offering sacrifices to the wind at the Seven Star Altar.

Question 3: Is it true that Kong Ming borrowed the east wind? How did Zhuge Liang do it? Check the History of the Three Kingdoms Wei Shu written by Chen Shou? Wu Ji ","Emperor Shu Shu? Biography of the late Lord Shu Shu? Zhuge Chuan and Wu Shu? Wu Zhuchuan, Wu Shu? The approximate time and main plot of Zhou Yuchuan and Battle of Red Cliffs are consistent with the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In the Biography of Zhou Yu, there is not only the plot of Huang Gai's false surrender, but also a sentence like this: "Building a ship will get angry at the same time. The wind is strong, and I know that I will burn the shore and camp. " It clearly shows that with the help of the southeast wind. Unfortunately, there is no specific date and time, and there is no detail of Zhuge Liang borrowing from the east wind.

Question 4: Is it true or not that Kongming borrowed Dongfeng in Romance of the Three Kingdoms?

1 is not in the official history.

In Legend, Kong Ming claimed that Taoism was taught by different people, and it could call the shots. Dongfeng was borrowed by the deified Mr. Kong Ming by magic.

2. Later, Mr. Kong Ming cleverly laid an eight-array map and retreated to Lu Xun;

When the southern expedition to Bangladesh was timed, the feather fan was gently shaken to blow back the strong wind of King Mulu, driving the behemoth to break the barbarian soldiers;

Kong Xiao knows yin and yang, gossip and hidden armor, which is Luo Guanzhong's requirement for characterization. He doesn't want to mold him into a wizard. There is little mention of mana in the book, and saying too much will obliterate Kong Ming's ingenious wisdom.

There is an old proverb: the weather from the clouds can't be regarded as magic, but the arrangement of stars in the sky or the halo of the moon can show something about the weather. For example, high tide and low tide can be seen from the sky, even if the most primitive principle of weather forecast now is the same as in ancient times. After all, Kong Ming knows a lot, and maybe he knows something about astrology.

However, there are also some bold opportunists. After all, the tiger and the wolf can only play this dangerous game in the face of Cao.

Question 5: Why can Zhuge Liang borrow the east wind? Solve the mystery of Zhuge Liang borrowing from the east wind

Zhang Zhichun

The long historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms was rated as the best book in the world by Mao Zonggang and Jin Shengtan. After it was put on the * * screen by CCTV, it became a household name, known to all women and children, and everyone was eager to see it.

There are thousands of Qian Qian in the Three Kingdoms, among which Zhuge Liang is the most wonderful. The best and most fascinating story about Zhuge Liang is to borrow an east wind and an arrow from a grass boat in the Chibi War. In particular, the scene in which Zhuge Liang wears his sword and sets foot on the seven-star altar in Nanping Mountain, casting spells to borrow the east wind, makes readers and audiences almost unable to tell whether Zhuge Liang is a man or a fairy demon. No wonder Mr. Lu Xun criticized the writer Luo Guanzhong in A Brief History of Chinese Novels. "As for writing people, it is also quite lacking, so that he wants to show Liu Bei's length and thickness. This is like a fake. It seems that Zhuge Liang's wisdom is close to a demon."

No one has ever explained whether the description of Zhuge Liang's borrowing style in Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a gain or loss, a story made out of nothing, a mythical exaggeration, or a well-founded story. The author tried to solve this eternal mystery without superficial.

Let's take a look at the descriptions of this event in Chapters 48 and 49 of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Cao Cao's northern army was not used to water warfare, so Pang Tong offered a series of tricks to connect all the warships together. Zhou Yu wanted to break Cao Cao with fire.

On the evening of November 15th, 13th year of Jian 'an, there were few moon stars, and Cao Cao was writing poems on a warship, full of ambition. When the account was put forward, the counselor said, "If God hadn't helped me, I would have found Feng Chu's wonderful plan. When the iron rope is connected to the boat, it will cross the river like a flat ground. " Cheng Yi said, "The boats are firmly tied. But if he attacks it with fire, it will be difficult to avoid and cannot be prevented. " Cao Cao said with a smile, "Although Cheng Zhongde has long-term concerns, he still can't see the place." Xun You said, "What Zhong De said is true. Why did the Prime Minister laugh? " Cao Cao said, "Whoever attacks it with fire must follow the wind. It's the middle of winter, but there are west winds and north winds. Are there easterly and southerly winds? I live in the northwest, and everyone else is on the south bank. If he uses fire, he will burn his own soldiers. Why should I be afraid? If it was Koharu in 10, I would have been ready! " It can be seen that Cao Cao has fully considered the right time and place.

Zhou Yu used Pang Tong to give Cao Cao a series of tricks. At first he thought it was no problem to attack Cao Cao with fire. But when he was standing on the top of the hill on the south bank and watching Cao Yingshui Village, suddenly the wind was strong and the waves in the river beat against the coast. A gust of wind blew the flag horn across Zhou Yu's face, which made him suddenly wake up: there were only west winds and north winds, but no south winds and east winds. How can we attack with fire? So I suddenly turned around and fell down.

Vomiting blood, unconscious. After that, I was ill in bed and really began to worry.

Zhuge Liang went to visit, and the screen retreated. He wrote a secret letter in sixteen words: "If you want to break Cao Gong, attack him with fire, and everything is ready.

Just need the east wind. After writing, he handed it to Zhou Yu and said, "This governor is also the source of the disease." Zhou Yu was surprised and thought that Kong Ming was really a god. He knew what I was thinking, so he had to tell the truth. Nye smiled and said, "Sir, you know the source of my illness. What medicine will you use to treat it? This matter is at stake, please advise. Zhuge Liang said, "Although Liang has no talent, he has met strangers, taught him to escape from armour for eight days, and can call the wind and rain. If the viceroy wants a southeast wind, he can build a seven-star altar on Nanping Mountain. It is nine feet high and has three floors, surrounded by 120 people holding flags and banners. Bright on the stage, borrow three days and three nights, only one night strong wind, great things can be achieved! It's just that things are in front of us and can't be delayed. "Zhuge Liang said," How about the 22nd of November, when Jiazi offered sacrifices to the wind? "

Hearing this, I was overjoyed Then he sent 500 able-bodied men to build an altar on Nanping Mountain, and drew out 120 people to hold flags and guard the altar at his command.

So on November 20, Kongming bathed and fasted, put on clothes and feet, and went to the altar to offer sacrifices to the wind. Kong Ming went to the altar three times a day and went down three times, but there was no southeast wind. It's already late at night. It's bright and the breeze is still. Until nearly midnight, I suddenly heard the wind and the flag was turning. When Zhou Yu went out to see the account, the banner floated in the northwest. At the moment, the southeast wind is very strong. After the southeast wind started, Zhuge Liang had already descended to the river, left Zhou Yu's camp and returned to Xiakou where Liu Bei was.

It is clearly written in the book that Zhuge Liang once met strangers and taught for eight days, so he can call the shots. The so-called eight-door nerve is one of the highest-level "three types" in ancient divination. According to the research of academic experts today, Daoism can be divided into two categories, one is called mathematical Daoism, and the other is called magic Daoism. The former is a method to predict and choose favorable time position by using astronomical calendar knowledge such as Yi Tong Bagua, Luoshu Jiugong and Liujiazi, and combining time, space, heaven and earth, and people, which is mainly used in military affairs ...

Question 6: Can Zhuge Liang really borrow the east wind? There is no such thing. In fact, Zhuge Liang's main achievement during his stay in Battle of Red Cliffs was to promote the combination of Liu Bei's military group and Sun Quan's military group, which was his main achievement, and Zhuge Liang's main achievement before Liu Bei's death was to formulate a political strategy of three points in the world for Liu Bei. In other words, Zhuge Liang is an outstanding politician, not necessarily an outstanding strategist, and Zhuge Liang's military talent is questionable. Now there is a couplet written by A Qing Zhao Fan in Wuhou Temple. He said: "if you can attack his heart, you will be self-defeating. Since ancient times, you have known that soldiers are not good at fighting; Don't judge the situation, temper leniency with severity, and you have to think deeply in the future. " In fact, this heart-to-heart couplet is a euphemism for criticizing Zhuge Liang for being militaristic and combining leniency with severity when he presided over the work of Shu after Liu Bei's death. But in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang became an outstanding strategist, and he had a clever plan. Other military generals turned into marionettes, foolishly took their troops to war, and took out a pocket when they arrived. The strategist gave me a clever plan. Open it and have a look. Oh, let's start. This is really outrageous. What does this mean? Shows people's admiration for him. Really deified him.

Question 7: Is it true that Zhuge Liang borrowed the east wind in Battle of Red Cliffs? Zhuge Liang knows the astronomical phenomena and the east wind, so this can be regarded as borrowing or erudition. For reference only.

Question 8: Can Zhuge Liang really borrow Dongfeng? "Wolong on the seven-star altar, the east wind surged overnight. Isn't it Kong Ming's clever plan and Zhou Lang's success? " This poem, which comes from the forty-ninth chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, "Zhuge offered sacrifices to the seven-star altar, and Zhou Yu set fire to the Sanjiangkou", although poorly written, puzzled thousands of people in Qian Qian, China, thinking that Zhu Gekongming had the ability to "borrow the east wind" and unconsciously entered a misunderstanding-

Battle of Red Cliffs is a famous war example of defeating the strong with the weak in the ancient history of China. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Cao Cao unified the north, he led more than 200,000 troops south in the 13th year of Jian 'an (AD 208), and Sun Quan and Liu Bei joined forces with 50,000 troops to fight together. Cao Bing entered Chibi, lost a small battle, retreated to Jiangbei, and confronted Sun Liu's allied troops across the river. Sun and Liu took advantage of their weaknesses such as long-distance fatigue, epidemic disease, inexperience in water and unstable rear, and defeated Cao Cao's navy division by fire attack.

Although it has been nearly two thousand years since Battle of Red Cliffs, it has become an eternal conclusion that Cao was attacked by fire, but some details about the fire attack have always been specious.

Reading the official history, Zhuge Liang said that there was no record of borrowing Dongfeng.

Borrowing the east wind is not recorded in the official history. Let's take a look at the biography of Zhuge Liang, which describes Zhuge Liang in this period: "My ancestors were in Xiakou. Liang Dao:' It's urgent. Please order General Sun for help. Hold the army in power and wait and see whether it succeeds or fails. Liang said, Quan said, "There was chaos at sea, and the general was based in Jiangdong. Liu Yuzhou also took Hanan and competed with Cao Cao for the world' ...' Now, the general can command tens of thousands of valiant soldiers and join hands with Yuzhou to defeat Cao Cao's army! If Cao Cao's army is broken, it will return to the north. In this way, the situation in Jason Wu will become stronger and its feet will take shape! "The chance of success or failure is today!" All of Da Yue. That is, Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu, Lu Su and others were sent to lead a water army of 30,000, imitating Liang Yi's ancestors and trying to reject Tsao Gong. Cao Gong was defeated by Chibi. He led the army to Cao Zhen, and the latter took over Jiangnan, with Liang as the commander. "

"The Story of the Three Kingdoms Wu-Zhou Yu Lu Su Monroe" said: "Liu Bei was broken by Cao Gong and wanted to lead him across the river. He met Lu Su in Dangyang. Then * * * plan, because in Xiakou, Zhuge Liang was sent to the right wing. Quan then sent Yu and others to meet the enemy at Chibi. At that time, Cao's army was terminally ill, and on the first day of the war, the public army retreated, leading Jiangbei and Yu to the south bank. Huang Gai of the Ministry of Danger said,' We are outnumbered today, and it will be difficult for a long time. However, if we look at the army, we can connect ships, we can burn them and leave. Instead, we took dozens of Meng Chong warships, filled with firewood, ointment and oil, wrapped them in curtains and covered them with a tooth flag. Report to Cao Gong first and bully him. And ready to go ge, ministries after the ship, because the former lead. Cao He's officials craned their necks to watch and pointed out that the words were covered. Cover the ship and get angry at the same time. When the wind is strong, it will obviously burn and camp on the shore. Soon, smoke rose into the sky, and many people were burned to death and drowned. The army was defeated and the confederate army was protected. "

In the biography of the Three Kingdoms-Wu-Huang Gai, it is used to describe this matter: "In Jian 'an, (Gai) and Zhou Yu refused Cao Gong in Chibi. Building fire attack, language in Yuchuan. "

When talking about this matter in the History of the Three Kingdoms and Wei Wudi, he wrote: "In the spring of the thirteenth year of Jian 'an, the public returned to Ye and served as the owner of Xuanwu Pool. Han stopped three officials and bought the prime minister and the ancient scholar. In summer and June, Volkswagen is the prime minister. In autumn and July, Gongnan levied Liu Biao. In August, as a pawn, the son took the place of Xiangyang and Liu Bei took the place of Fan. In September, he went to Xinye, and then he came down to prepare for the summer exit. Gong Chang drove straight into Jiangling. Ordered Jingzhou officials to start over. Fifteen people are waiting for Jingzhou to surrender. Wen Pin, the general of Liu Biao, was appointed as Jiangxia Prefecture, so as to unify the soldiers. Leading Jingzhou celebrities such as Han Song and Yi Deng. Liu Zhang, the priest of Yizhou, was levied and sent his troops to the army. In December, Sun Quan prepared to attack Hefei, recruited troops from Jiangling and sent Zhang Xian to Baqiu to save Hefei. Wen Xianquan is leaving. Going to Chibi is not conducive to preparing for war. So there was a great epidemic, many officials died, and they led the troops back. There are Jingzhou Jiangnan counties. "

Sima Guang's History as a Mirror (Volume 65) mentioned this in the 13th year of Jian 'an of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty: "Liu Bei was in Fankou, and he sent a logic officer to Shuiji and other whole armies. When the official saw Yu's boat, he went straight to prepare to send someone to comfort him. Yu Yue said, "If you have a military post, you can't have a letter of appointment. Compensation can make Wei yield, I sincerely hope so. I'm going to take a single Ge to see him and say,' It's a good idea to refuse Tsao Gong today. How many soldiers are there? Yu said,' Thirty thousand people. Prepare:' hate less. Yu yue:' this is self-sufficient, but it can be broken. I am going to ask Lu Su and others to speak, so I said,' I was ordered not to make mistakes; If you want to see your son, don't cross it. "I am deeply ashamed and happy. Jin and Cao Cao met at Chibi. There was a disease and epidemic in the army at that time. On the first day of the war, Cao Jun was unfavorable, leading to Jiangbei. When Yu and others are on the south bank, Yu will say to Huang Gai,' Today, being outnumbered, it is difficult to last. Fuck the military and connecting ships, end to end, you can burn them. "I took ten Meng Chong combat ships ... >>.

Question 9: What is Zhuge Liang's principle of borrowing from the east wind? Because Chibi is in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in East Asia. In winter, the land cools faster than the ocean, so cold high pressure, such as Siberian high pressure, often forms in Central Asia. In this way, the northwest wind should prevail in Chibi area at that time.

However, it is not impossible to blow southeast winds in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in the dead of winter. In summary, there are two possibilities.

1. Due to the complex and changeable atmospheric movement, it is likely that a small depression will occasionally appear in the west of Chibi area. The low pressure in the northern hemisphere is a cyclone, and the airflow flows counterclockwise. In this way, the southeast wind just blows to Chibi in the east of the low pressure.

2. It is also possible that there is a small high pressure east of Chibi. The high pressure in the northern hemisphere is an anticyclone, and the airflow flows clockwise. In this way, the southeast wind just blows in the Chibi area in the west of the high pressure.

Therefore, the truth of "borrowing" Dongfeng is actually:

A small high pressure formed in the west of Chibi and gradually moved eastward. When this anticyclone passes through Chibi area, Chibi area is affected by it, which is foggy at night and sunny during the day. When the anticyclone moved to the east of Chibi area, the southeast wind prevailed in Chibi area under its action. Dongfeng also "borrowed".

Question 10: Is it true that Zhuge Liang borrowed the east wind? There is no such thing.

In fact, Zhuge Liang's main achievement during his stay in Battle of Red Cliffs was to promote.

Being a combination of Liu Bei's military group and Sun Quan's military group is his main achievement, and Zhuge Liang's main achievement before Liu Bei's death was to formulate a political strategy of three points in the world for Liu Bei. In other words, Zhuge Liang is an outstanding politician, not necessarily an outstanding strategist, and Zhuge Liang's military talent is questionable. Now there is a couplet written by A Qing Zhao Fan in Wuhou Temple. He said: "if you can attack his heart, you will be self-defeating. Since ancient times, you have known that soldiers are not good at fighting; Don't judge the situation, temper leniency with severity, and you have to think deeply in the future. " In fact, this heart-to-heart couplet is a euphemism for criticizing Zhuge Liang for being militaristic and combining leniency with severity when he presided over the work of Shu after Liu Bei's death. But in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang became an outstanding strategist, and he had a clever plan. Other military generals turned into marionettes, foolishly took their troops to war, and took out a pocket when they arrived. The strategist gave me a clever plan. Open it and have a look. Oh, let's start. This is really outrageous. What does this mean? Shows people's admiration for him.

Really deified him.