What is the weather like in Vietnam?

Vietnam spans latitude 15, and the climate between regions is naturally different. However, because its entire territory is located in the south of the Tropic of Cancer, it basically belongs to the tropical monsoon climate, with abundant sunshine, high temperature and high humidity. The average annual temperature in most parts of the country is above 22 degrees Celsius.

(A) the surrounding temperature difference

Due to different latitudes and topography, the climate varies from place to place. South of north latitude 16 degrees 20 minutes, the climate is obviously tropical, and north latitude 16 degrees 20 minutes is more influenced by the northern climate and monsoon. However, there is little difference in the average temperature in the hottest month. Whether it is Hanoi in the north, Hue in the middle or Ho Chi Minh City in the south, it is almost around 29 degrees Celsius. Its annual average temperature is almost the same. The annual average temperature in Hanoi is about 23.4 degrees Celsius, that in Hue is about 25. 1 degrees Celsius, and that in Ho Chi Minh City is about 26.9 degrees Celsius.

The south is close to the equator, and the annual temperature difference is very small. The hottest time is April, and the monthly average temperature is about 29 degrees Celsius. The coldest time is 65438+February, and the average temperature is about 26 degrees Celsius.

The temperature in the north changes greatly, and there are four distinct seasons in the north: spring, summer, autumn and winter. The hottest month in the north is July, with an average monthly temperature of 29 degrees Celsius. In some places, the absolute maximum temperature reaches above 40 degrees Celsius. In Hanoi, the capital, the highest temperature in summer often reaches 39 ~ 40 degrees Celsius. 1936 The absolute maximum temperature in Hanoi reached 42.8 degrees Celsius in May, and 1949 reached 40.4 degrees Celsius in June. The coldest is 65438+ 10 month, and the monthly average temperature is 15 degrees Celsius, sometimes the temperature drops below 5 degrees. The coldest temperature in the history of Hanoi dropped to 2.7 degrees Celsius, the coldest temperature in Hue in the middle dropped to 8.8 degrees Celsius, and the coldest temperature in Ho Chi Minh City also dropped to 13.8 degrees Celsius.

In a few mountainous areas in the north, such as Shaba in the middle of Huanglian Mountain, Wentong in Hejiang Province, Chaling in Gaoping Province, Ding Long and other places, sometimes the minimum temperature will drop below zero degrees Celsius, and there will be a northern scenery with snowflakes flying and rivers frozen. The weather in the north is cold, only when the northeast monsoon strikes. At this time, the sky is often gloomy and locked, and it is always raining in Mao Mao from morning till night, which makes people feel very stuffy. Because of the wet and cold weather, people have to put on sweaters and cotton-padded clothes. However, once the weather is clear and sunny, young people can put on short-sleeved shirts. This is quite close to the winter temperature in China, Guangdong and Guangxi.

The differences in climate, temperature, sunshine, rainfall and humidity in various parts of Vietnam have created extremely good conditions for agricultural production. Nowadays, many places grow three crops a year. Some agronomists believe that the current utilization rate of climate resources in Vietnam is too low and needs to be actively developed. According to Vietnam's climatic conditions, Vietnam's agriculture can develop in the direction of planting crops all year round.

(2) Typhoon hazards

Vietnam is a region with strong monsoon. Every year from July to June 165438+ 10, coastal areas are often hit by typhoons, which bring great harm to agricultural production, people's life and life safety. Typhoons are often accompanied by heavy rains, flooding large areas of farmland and causing disasters.

The typhoon season is not exactly the same everywhere, and the farther south the typhoon comes, the later it comes. Generally speaking, from Mang Street on the Vietnam-China border to Ching Hua, the typhoon season is usually from July to September, from Ching Hua to Guang Zhi to 10, from Guang Zhi to Pengshan in Pingding Province to 10/0 in September, and from Pengshan to Ho Chi Minh City10 to 12. On the other hand, there are few typhoons in the southern plains. According to Vietnamese personnel's estimation, it only happens once every 20 years.

(3) Abundant rainfall

Vietnam has abundant rainfall, with about 100 days of rainfall every year, of which 250 days are the most rainy areas. The average annual rainfall is1800-2000mm, and the annual rainfall in all areas is at least1200mm, and some areas can reach 3000-4000mm. According to the statistics of ha noi, the average annual rainfall days are more than 150 days, but the annual rainfall is extremely uneven, and the rainfall is concentrated in May-September, accounting for 80% of the annual rainfall. Because of Vietnam's long coastline, many rivers, heavy rainfall and high air humidity. The annual average humidity in Hanoi is 84.9%, while the highest relative humidity is 100%. During the wettest short period in March and April, water drops will keep rolling down from indoor walls, and the ground will be like splashing water. The average humidity in Hue is 89. 1%, and that in Ho Chi Minh City is 8 1.8%. Generally speaking, from May to 10 every year, the southeast wind blows from the Pacific Ocean and the southwest wind blows from the Indian Ocean, bringing a lot of water vapor. At this time, the rain is concentrated, which is called rainy season. At this time, the sky is gloomy. Sometimes it rains for several days; Sometimes there are thunderstorms in the afternoon, but it is sunny at night. From June 165438+ 10 to April of the following year, the northeast monsoon blows from the Asian continent, with little precipitation and dry weather, which is called dry season. The monthly rainfall is only 20-30 mm, and it doesn't even rain. However, the start and end of rainy season and dry season are different in every region. When the north and south are in the rainy season, it seldom rains in the central region. The rainy season in Central China generally begins in August and lasts until June 65438+ 10 of the following year.

(4) Burning wind

From May to August every year, there is often a kind of "burning wind" in central Vietnam, which is called "Laos wind" by local people. This is the southwest monsoon from the Indian Ocean. Although it was all water vapor at first, it was a long way. After a long journey in Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and other countries, there is less and less water vapor, and the hot earth makes its temperature higher and higher. When it descended from Laos across the Changshan Mountains to the coastal plain of Vietnam, it became dry and hot, with the temperature reaching 37 degrees Celsius and the relative humidity dropping to 45%. "Laos wind" blows in waves, ranging from two or three days to more than ten days, and the wind is often the strongest around noon. Wherever the scorching "Laos wind" goes, crops can't stand its blow and turn yellow quickly, just like being burnt. This is the origin of "burning wind".