Why is Florence the most important center of Renaissance art?

Florence is a world-famous art capital, a European cultural center, the birthplace of the European Renaissance, the birthplace of opera and a world-famous cultural tourist attraction. It belongs to Tuscany, the former capital of Italy and the cultural center of Italy. Florence is a transportation hub connecting the railway and highway networks in northern and southern Italy. The Arno River runs through the city, with seven bridges across its banks. The population is 444,000 (1982). The birthplace of the European Renaissance, a world-famous cultural tourist attraction. The urban area still maintains the pattern of ancient Rome. Multi-medieval architectural art. There are more than 40 museums and art galleries in this city. Uffizi and Pitti Art Museum are world-famous, the world's No.1 Academy of Fine Arts and the world's highest art institution, Florence Academy of Fine Arts, are world-famous, and the essence of Italian painting is gathered here. Cultural center, there are universities, as well as art, literature, research institutes and libraries. The first translation of Fei Lengcui by Xu Zhimo, a famous modern poet, is far more poetic and colorful than another translation of Florence, which is more in line with the temperament of this ancient city. The poet himself wrote a book "One Night Green". Later, the writer LULU wrote Emerald Dusk, the painter Huang Yongyu wrote Along the Seine to Emerald Green, and the post-80s poet wrote a translated collection of poems along He Kang to Emerald Green, all of which are the same strain of Xu Zhimo's poems.

Historical Florence is a famous cultural city with a long history. It is not only the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance, but also the birthplace of European culture. It is located on the plain of Arnold Valley, surrounded by mountains. Legend has it that Florence was first built in Rome under Julius Caesar and became a Roman colony in 59 BC. Later, it was ruled by Lombardy. /kloc-In the 3rd century, due to the rapid development of wool and textile industry, it became an important city in Italy. At that time, the political power of Florence was controlled by various guilds. 1282 The Republic was established, and the power of the state was transferred to the most powerful nobles. In the 65438+5th century, the Hosta flower in Florence was guarded by the local giant medici family, which lasted for 300 years. The national emblem of medici family became the city emblem of Florence today. From15th century to18th century, Florence's three-century history is closely related to the rise and fall of medici family. At that time, the family held the actual political and economic power in the local area. Florence's most glorious moment was the Renaissance. Medici family likes art very much. Under its protection and funding, Florence gathered many famous people at that time, such as Leonardo da Vinci, Dante, Galileo, Raphael, Michelangelo, Donatello, Giotto, Franco Modigliani, Titian, Boccaccio, Piedrake, vasari, Machiavelli (the author of The Prince) and many other outstanding artists. It was not until 1737 that the last ruler of medici family died that Florence fell under Austrian rule again. After the resurrection of 1860,1Florence became the capital of Italy, and 187 1 moved to Rome.

A treasure house of Renaissance art

The most famous city in Tuscany is Florence. The old translation of Florence is "Fei Lengcui", for example, Xu Zhimo's "Fei Lengcui One Night" refers to Florence. "Fei Lengcui" means "Flower City" in Italian. Hong Kong people call it "Florence". Although it looks a bit strange, this exquisite and beautiful name is quite imaginative. However, the tone of Florence is not really as green as jade. The most typical weather here-and the most typical weather in Tuscany-is the blue sky and white clouds in the sun. Colorful walls, dark green shutters and crimson roofs are the symbolic colors here. Florence has 40 museums and galleries, more than 60 palaces and many churches, and has a large collection of excellent works of art and precious cultural relics, so it is also called "Athens of the West". It is one of the richest places to preserve Renaissance art in the world. Florence in Renaissance 1, Galleria dell\'Accademia: The Florence Academy of Fine Arts collects Michelangelo's David, four unfinished Slaves, the second Virgin Mary and other Florence artists' works. There is a good bookstore and poster spot across the street, so you can stop by. 2. Cathedral: The Cathedral of Our Lady of Flowers (also translated as Baihua Cathedral and Florence Cathedral) is a landmark building in Florence. Its appearance is made of pink, green and milky white marble, which shows the elegant and noble temperament of women, so it is called "the Virgin Mary". The Cathedral of Our Lady of Hundred Flowers was built by Arnorfo di Cambio in 1296. The huge dome in the center is the first Renaissance dome built by the famous architect brunelleschi, which took 14 years to complete. It is a model of dome architecture in Renaissance. When Michelangelo planned to design the dome of St. Peter's Cathedral, he said, "I can build a dome bigger than that of the Emerald Cathedral, but I can't compare with its beauty." The church was built in 1248. In order to show its position, Florence wanted to build the dome of the church into the largest dome in the world at that time. Although the completion date of the church has been delayed for nearly 20 years, it is all worthwhile. This cathedral, which took 150 years before and after and was finally built through the efforts of several generations, has become synonymous with Florence. If you want to climb the roof of the cathedral, you can enter from the left corridor of the small church on the right and climb 463 steps. The facade of the church has been rebuilt twice, and there are many great works of art in the Cathedral Opera House behind the church. 3. Campanile di Giotto: The 82-meter-high tower next to Baihua Cathedral was built by architect Giotto in 1334. Its appearance is a quadrangular column tower, which blends pink, dark green and cream colors with geometric color matching, and is very harmonious with the Baihua Cathedral next to it. There are exquisite reliefs at the bottom, and there are stairs to reach the top. 4. Battistaro di San Giovanni: The octagonal church facing Baihua Cathedral was built in the 5th-8th century and is a representative of Romanesque architecture in Tuscany. There are three bronze doors reliefs in the chapel with the most sightseeing value: the bronze doors on the south side of the entrance was made by Andrea Bisano in 1330, and the 28 patterns tell the story of John's missionary work; The East Gate of Worship was built by ghiberti from 1425 in 27 years. Ten patterns describe Adam and Eve and the theme of the Old Testament, which Michelangelo called the "Gate of Heaven". Bronze doors in the north is also the work of Gilberti, which consists of 28 pictures, and its theme is to show the life of Christ and the deeds of his 12 disciples. 5. uffizi gallery: This is the Italian Renaissance art palace, which contains masterpieces by Leonardo, Raphael, Titian, Rubens, Caravaggio, Michelangelo and Botticelli. Important works include Botticelli's The Birth of Venus and Spring. Leonardo da Vinci's "Three Doctors Worship"; Raphael's Madonna of the Goldfinch and Michelangelo's Sancta familia. 6.Bargello National Museum: the largest sculpture gallery in Florence, famous for its collection of sculptures from Tuscany 14 to 17 centuries. There is a collection of Donatello's "David"-the first male nude statue since the Middle Ages; And Michelangelo's works when he was young, such as The Unfinished Statue of Da Peter and Dionysus. 7. Piazzale Michelangelo: Located on the other side of the Arno River, Piazza is the best stronghold overlooking Florence. In the center of the square, there is a replica of Michelangelo's statue of David. Behind them are the breathtaking romantic churches San Miniato8 and Palazzo Vecchio: the interior of this well-protected palace used to be medici family's residence, and Michelangelo's David has been waiting on the left side of the door since 1873, but what I see now is a replica. The Great Hall on the second floor is the general assembly hall of China government, and Michelangelo's masterpiece Victory is hung on both walls. In front of the palace is the most lively Plazza della Signoria in Florence, and the riding statue of Cosimo Medici, the "father of the motherland", which is very lively. There are many ancient and Renaissance marble statues in Zilan Corridor near the palace. 9. Ponte Vecchio: Built in 1345, it is the oldest bridge in emerald green. The word Vecchio is an old meaning. There is a two-story building on Visio Bridge, which used to be the corridor from uffizi Palace to Beatty Palace on the other side. There are specialty shops on both sides of the bridge, and the back of the shop extends to the river. The specialty store mainly sells precious stones and metals. Sinho Square is located in the center of Florence, where there is an ancient bunker-style palace (now the city hall) built in13rd century. The tower on the old palace is 94 meters high and is one of the most striking public buildings in Italy. The corridor on the wing of the old palace, which used to be the place where the abbot and CEO read the announcement, has now become an open-air sculpture museum with the whole square. Its various stone carvings and bronze statues are lifelike, such as the familiar replica of Michelangelo's Portrait of David, which amazed tourists all over the world. Notre Dame, built in 1296, is the first church in Florence. This is a very splendid Romanesque building, from the beginning of design to the completion of the whole building, which is the painstaking efforts of several generations of artists. Its exterior wall made of white, green and pink striped marble is very attractive, and its unique big dome and unique bell tower are its essence. If you go upstairs and overlook, the charming ancient city of Florence will definitely make you unforgettable. Florence is the cradle of Italian Renaissance poetry and painting, where the great poet Dante was born. So far, Florence still preserves Dante's former residence, and many tourists come here. Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael, known as the "three outstanding artists" in the Renaissance, met in Florence on 1506, which became a beautiful talk in the history of art. No matter whether you stroll on the streets of Florence or visit museums, art galleries and churches, you will definitely feel the rich cultural atmosphere of the ancient city of Florence.