The hottest summer appeared in Qianlong eight years. How hot is it? Beyond your imagination

In the hot summer, people always sigh that the heat is unbearable, especially the frequent occurrence of extreme high temperature weather in recent years, which is even more miserable. However, in the modern society with advanced technology, people have enough methods to deal with the influence of extreme high temperature weather.

However, in ancient society, the appearance of extreme high temperature weather was undoubtedly a disaster for the world. Moreover, there is such a hottest summer in history, which occurred in Qianlong for eight years. How hot it is beyond your imagination.

AD 1743, that is, eight years of Qianlong, thirty-two-year-old Qianlong was in high spirits. It was the time to make great achievements, but the unexpectedly hot weather gave him a big joke.

From the end of June to the end of July this year, there was an extremely rare high temperature and hot summer weather in Gyeonggi area, covering 48 specific locations such as Beijing, Tianjin, Zhili, Shanxi and Shandong, and the degree of hot summer was unimaginable.

According to the definition of modern people, the so-called high temperature weather generally refers to the temperature above 35 degrees, which can be called high temperature weather for several days.

Then, after eight years of intense heat, can it be called the "most" in history? As for this question, it is hard to say clearly. After all, temperature is a modern concept. In the historical materials before the Qianlong dynasty, there were also a few records about "intense heat", but because of its long history, there was no reference and no specific description of the event, it was difficult to assert.

Fortunately, there are not only rich historical records here, but also many letters preserved by early missionaries in China, including witness reports of summer scenes, observation data of astronomical instruments, weather information and so on. These valuable data provide a reliable basis for scholars to master historical temperature data.

According to the data, the historical temperature data is converted and it is concluded that the highest temperature reached an astonishing 44.4 degrees in the summer of Qianlong eight years! This is the hottest summer in history. So, what is the concept of extreme high temperature weather close to 44.4 degrees? Will it bring those unimaginable disasters?

The harm of high temperature weather to people is obvious. From a scientific point of view, the suitable temperature of the human body is generally between 20 and 30 degrees. If it exceeds 35 degrees, it will become extremely dangerous, because at that time, the internal balance function of the human body will be out of balance, resulting in the internal temperature can not be radiated, which will eventually lead to heatstroke and even life-threatening.

The high temperature of 40 degrees has almost reached the critical point that the human body can bear. It is difficult for most people to bear such continuous high temperature, and the situation will become extremely dangerous. Then at the high temperature of 44.4 degrees, people's situation can be imagined, and it is no exaggeration to describe disaster.

According to historical records, the influence of extreme high temperature weather at that time was extremely terrible. The earth and stone on the ground were burned, the metal decoration on the roof was baked, and the lead and tin products were baked out of shape. The walls and appliances at home are a little hot to the touch. Even in the shade of trees, it is still uncomfortable to burn, and even trees can smell burnt.

In ancient times, there were no electric fans and air conditioners, and people had extremely limited means to cool down and escape the heat, which made them extremely powerless in the face of such extreme weather. As a result, countless people died of heat, thirst and sudden death, even the splendid capital was not spared, and even a "worse" situation appeared.

Song Junrong, a French missionary in Beijing at that time, was one of many foreign missionaries who witnessed the disaster. He wrote in the eyewitness report: "From July of 13, the hot weather became unbearable. Many poor and fat people suddenly died on the road, in the street or in the house, causing people's panic. Many Christians spontaneously pray for the dead! "

According to incomplete statistics, the number of people killed by the intense heat in Beijing and its surrounding suburbs alone is as high as 1. 1.4 million. I'm afraid this scene has gone far beyond the word "terror".

In the face of high temperature and heat, the life of the royal family and court officials will be relatively easier. After all, there were many people around them, and they could take ice cubes from the official cellar to cool down, but as the supreme ruler of Gan Long at that time, life was a bit disturbing.

Because the appearance of extremely hot weather will not only hurt people, but also bring another hidden danger, such as rivers drying up, thousands of miles of drought, crop failure, refugees everywhere, leading to epidemic diseases and social instability. If it is not handled properly, it is likely to cause civil strife and cause a situation that is difficult to clean up.

As a person in power, while enjoying the summer vacation and cooling down, Gan Long must consider all possible events and nip all risks in the bud. Therefore, when he heard about the disaster suffered by the people, he ordered his ministers to discuss how to provide relief and implement it as soon as possible, and went to the people to appease the emotions of his subjects.

The emperor must have the majesty of the emperor when traveling. No matter how hot it is, he can't be naked like ordinary people. In the unbearable hot weather, Gan Long is still wearing a heavy robe, and the taste can be imagined.

In order to appease the people's emotions, we came to the rain platform and prayed for mercy from heaven to get all people out of danger. When the people heard that the emperor prayed for rain for the people in the scorching sun, they were all moved to kneel on the ground and joined the team praying for rain. Perhaps the sincerity of the people moved the sky. From July 26th, midsummer suddenly fell back, followed by rain, ending this far-reaching disaster.

Of course, the so-called touching the sky is only the ideology of people in feudal society and cannot be taken seriously. Incredibly, an unexpected disaster happened in the summer of Jiaqing, but it was not a "hot summer", but a "deep winter" in A.D. 18 16, that is, in the twenty-first year of Jiaqing, a cold wave suddenly struck in the hot summer, and the weather was as cold as winter.

According to the inherent thinking of the ancients, all disasters are caused by the incompetence of those in power. Thus, Gan Long and Jiaqing experienced the baptism of "two worlds of ice and fire". Did they really do something wrong?