The weather of Luntai today

Journal of Environmental Investigation Volume IV Previous and Next Author: Fudan University | Date of publication: 2008-09-10/9: 26 Day 4: August 6, 2008 Shadow location: People near a coal mine in Xuangang: Dafan, Shilaoda, Fan Xiao, Mao Ge My incident causes: investigation and practice. After getting up, I was still in a daze, only to see everyone in high spirits, especially Fan Xiao, wearing a military training suit and reinforced gloves, and his face was glowing with red light after a full meal. Before returning to reality, he was taken to a village by Fan's father's driver. Everyone got off the station and entered the mountain pass. Before we could turn to say goodbye, the driver's uncle left. I looked blankly at the looming mountain road, thinking about the breathtaking hanging of Fan Xiao and Mao Ge on the mountain yesterday, and gauging the danger of today's trip. Finally came to the target mountain, and the road was a little bumpy. For safety, I took the love stone I found the day before and followed everyone with my hands and feet. In front of me is boss Shi. He looks terrible because the other three people have disappeared from my sight. When I stood panting in front of the first quadrat, Mao Ge was already happily catching grasshoppers. Under the influence of Mao Ge Pioneer, we started the quadrat measurement. Looking at the half-dead plants on the ground, I am a little puzzled: can this place be measured? Suddenly a voice appeared behind me. Although I was shocked, I got the answer. Dafen, a classmate who just disappeared, said scientifically: This is a kind of grass with extremely poor vitality! Indeed, they are all dead. We are familiar with a series of tasks, such as drawing quadrats, blasting, random sampling, collecting plants, catching grasshoppers and recording. Finish the same work as we did yesterday quickly, and then hit the road. The road is even more difficult, probably to avoid the ordinary road that farmers have taken, and we copied it all the way. In fact, just don't walk, just grab the grass and climb up. Mao Ge followed "a" and swished up. Fan Xiao was rescued and went well. I was a little depressed and looked up at Mao Ge and Da Fan. With the help of their sticks, I was pulled up. Just when I looked back for boss Shi, the boss was gone. I was scared, because the boss always followed the threesome silently, but this time … thinking about it, I saw a familiar white hat floating in front of me. It turned out to be boss Shi! It turned out that the boss found another way and walked up openly. Also, the road with big rice belt is really tiring. If it was in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's time, Dafan was fully qualified for the glorious mission of leading the way for the devils. I patted the soil on my body, and when I was about to stop here to measure, I found that everyone had climbed another soil slope, and suddenly realized that the distance between the two measuring points needed 500 meters. It was the same road, and I followed them fatally, covered in dirt, so I was too lazy to shoot again and climbed. Suddenly I found that among the three people in front, I couldn't see the figure of Boss Shi, and I knew that Boss Shi had completely parted ways with them, because they really didn't call the road. I searched for the slightly heavy figure of boss Shi, and unexpectedly found that another way of boss Shi was extremely fast and convenient. Boss Shi appeared two or three slopes away from us, dressed in white and standing alone. I regret it. I regret why I didn't follow boss Shi to Yangguan Road and climb the wooden bridge here. Just as I was feeling sorry for myself, we came to the second measuring point. Repeating the same division of labor and tasks as the first time, we finished the work in ten minutes. Strangely, birds have never been heard here, and there are only common moths and grasshoppers in the grass in front of us. Think about it, it seems that the ecological situation is the worst among our three mountains. The weather remains the same, similar to the climate and environment of the previous days, but the animal activities are obviously reduced. On the way, run to the third sampling point. In fact, we spend most of our time driving, but the test is very fast. In the exclamation of everyone, boss Shi took the lead in reaching the top. Everyone praised boss Shi, saying that he had achieved great lightness, and gave him a nickname: "Floating on the grass". On the way, we saw a mule eating grass. I also seriously thought about whether to count it as one of the animals we visited. Later, Mao Ge kindly reminded me that we only visit wild insects. Mules are put on the mountain by farmers to eat grass. At the top of the mountain, the scenery is good, so after pulling the square, everyone is ready to have a rest before working. Everyone sat together and started pointing, except me. Unfortunately, I found a sunflower field about 300 meters further, with butter and oil. I have been coveted for a long time, but I can't get close because of bee harassment. When I came back angrily, everyone was still talking about returning the pearl to XX, but I didn't catch it. Looking at the horse manure under my feet, I was speechless. When everyone is tired of talking, the work begins. Less than eight o'clock, with the cries of "a moth" and "a grasshopper" one after another, our third measurement began ... Event result: the investigation was successfully completed, but on the way home, we got lost, and Boss Shi was most fascinated.

Ten Diaries of Three Rivers' Investigation (June 1 1): Continuing faith, spirit and culture-New Village Manish

The most famous cultural attractions in Yushu County are Sanjie Ancient Temple, Manishi in Xinzhai and Princess Wencheng Temple.

After breakfast, I visited Jiegu Temple in Dongjiegushan, Jiegu Town, Yushu. Jiegu Temple is the main temple of Sakya Sect in Qinghai Province. It is called "Jiegu Dunzhu Leng" in Tibetan, which means "Jiegu Yizhou". Lecture Hall, Dazhao Hall, Maitreya Hall, Gana Hall and Wenbao Living Buddha Hall have their own characteristics. Jiegu Temple, located on the hillside to the north of Jiegu Town, is famous for its magnificent architecture, numerous monks, rich cultural relics and numerous monks in Tibetan areas of China. The whole temple is built on the mountain, and the temples and monasteries are scattered and towering above the hills. In Yushu county, you can see the temples coming from the past. In the temples, you can see the changing cities below. Temples and cities complement each other, and cities decorate the scenery of temples, and temples decorate the dreams of cities. Although this is a prestigious temple, the surrounding environment is really pleasing. The Lama's residence is mixed with the people's residence, and the road to the temple is also very congested and there is no sanitary facilities.

There are majestic temples on the mountain, and there are continuous Mani stones under the mountain. The Mani Stone Piles in Jiegu Temple are world-famous. The First Sega Living Buddha settled in xinzhai village, the town east in his later years, and built Mani Piles here, which were called "Gana Mani Piles" and "Xinzhai Mani Piles" in history. As time goes on, the Mani stone pile here is getting bigger and bigger. In the past 200 years, more than 2.6 billion Mani stones have been accumulated. The Mani Stone Pile engraved with the six-character mantra "Amabami" is called "the largest Mani Stone Pile in the world" and has become an outstanding representative of Tibetan religious culture. 2.6 billion yuan, or 2.6 billion person-times. In the past 200 years, I visited this sacred place and wrote my blessings and prayers on a stone, which has also been written into history. Moreover, it is increasing at the rate of 2000 pieces every day, and it is nearly 6.5438+million pieces a year. With the rapid development of tourism in Yushu, this record will be broken continuously.

What Mani Stone Pile shows us is a continuous culture, a living culture, which is coming from the past to the future, bearing a continuous belief and life. It is in this way that Tibetan compatriots convey the message of life and civilization, which is both life and religious belief.

After leaving Jiegu Temple, our next stop is Longbaotan Nature Reserve. It is located about 80 kilometers southwest of Jiegu Town, the capital of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. This is a long and narrow valley, about 10 km long and about 3 km wide. On both sides of the valley are towering, confronting and undulating mushroom-shaped mountains. Between the two mountains, there is a vast flat swamp meadow with elegant natural environment. Longbaotan is more than 4,200 meters above sea level, with a cold climate, humid habitat, abundant rainfall, circuitous streams and swamps everywhere, and belongs to a typical swamp meadow and alpine meadow area.

In the middle of the beach, countless Koizumi, criss-crossing streams and dotted swamps cut the grass beach into numerous large and small sandbanks and isolated "islands", making it impossible for wild animals to get close. The island is rich in aquatic plants, and there are many amphibians, reptiles and molluscs in ponds and streams around the island. Unique natural conditions and ecological environment create favorable conditions for birds to inhabit and multiply. Every spring and summer, black-necked cranes fly here from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to breed.

Although it is a national nature reserve, its facilities and management are very backward, especially the lack of facilities and equipment, and there are no obvious boundary markers. Pairs of black-necked cranes can be seen through high-powered telescopes, but flocks of yaks can also be seen. Because there are no guardrails and other facilities, and the ecological environment is relatively good, there are too many local people's cattle and sheep. These cattle and sheep often go deep into the core area of the reserve and occupy the habitat of black-necked cranes.

Compared with Guoluo, Yushu's tourism resources are smaller in scale, but richer in cultural elements, with lower altitude and improved comfort.

Diary of Investigation on Energy and Environment in Xinjiang

9.24 diary

This afternoon, I came from foggy Beijing to Xinjiang, where the sun is shining and the Gobi is boundless.

Today, on the taxi from the airport to the Xinjiang Nature Conservation Fund Office, I met two people from Karamay Petroleum Bureau. They went to mainland cities to recruit graduates, and from their conversation, they could feel the vigorous development of the oil industry.

In the office of Xinjiang Nature Conservation Foundation, I was warmly received by Chen Wu and Cheng Ying. Wang Peng, CNOOC, who attended the meeting and made part of the inspection with me, specially brought some rich Sichuan snacks (husband and wife lung slices, chicken heart and rabbit meat) from Chengdu, and Chen Wu called porridge, so the first meal in Xinjiang was quite warm.

According to Chen Wu, local unity is higher than development in Xinjiang, so many people are conservative. Take him for example. Before our last visit, he didn't think of paying attention to oil fields, although energy development in Xinjiang was in full swing. He believes that most departments in Xinjiang will not think of paying attention to things beyond their authority. This will be seen in later life.

According to the recommendation of Xinjiang Nature Conservation Foundation, it is planned to meet with A?vagho?a, a teacher from Xinjiang Institute of Geography and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, on the morning of 25th to learn about the geological conditions in Xinjiang and the impact of oil development on local animals in Xinjiang, and then meet with Li Weidong, a teacher from Environmental Education Center of Environmental Protection Bureau of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, to learn about the current technical status and environmental protection investment of the oilfield through the environmental protection acceptance projects he has done. In the evening, I went to see Wu Wenming of Northwest Exploration and Design Institute of Sinopec, who is a logging engineer in the design institute, and asked him to help me introduce some friends of Tahe Oilfield, because according to the preliminary plan, we intend to choose Tahe Oilfield in luntai county as the main focus of this investigation and stay there for two or three days, hoping to have a more comprehensive understanding of all aspects of a large oilfield in Xinjiang.

9.25 diary

This morning, I went to see A?vagho?a with Wang Peng and Cheng Ying. Teacher Ma is now mainly engaged in falcon research, studying the species changes of this raptor in recent ten years from the ecological point of view. The habitat of Xinjiang Falcon is mainly the Junggar Basin in northern Xinjiang, and it is also the location of oil and gas reservoirs. Because Mr. Ma has done a lot of research on the geology and geography of these areas. Falcons are sought after by nobles and rich people in Arab countries, so poaching and poaching are very serious. A good falcon can sell for100000 dollars in the Arab world. With the rise of oil price and the increase of petrodollars in Arab countries, this phenomenon of poaching in the surrounding areas of Zhungeer Basin in Xinjiang has been repeatedly banned. Due to the ban of China Customs, this behavior has become more subtle and difficult to count.

After listening to our questions, Mr. Ma talked about the influence of environmental change on Falcon from the perspective of oil development:

First of all, these areas are important storage bases for oil (Flame Mountain) and coal. Toxic substances produced by oil will poison this raptor along the food chain after being discarded and eaten by prey such as mice and birds.

Secondly, in Karamay and other oil cities, birds are often soaked in the oil pool at the oil well site, not only drinking poisonous water, but also feathers stained with oil can no longer fly.

Thirdly, due to overgrazing in these areas, the range and intensity of livestock activities have increased, resulting in grassland degradation and the living area of some birds has become smaller. Moreover, Han people can dig eggs, but Uighurs have a strong sense of protecting wild animals and don't eat eggs and wild birds.

Fourth, there are abundant water resources in northern Xinjiang, and several years of research have not felt any obvious changes in the groundwater level.

Fifth, in the research, I feel that the primary goal of local governments is to develop the economy, and the awareness of protecting these wild animals is very weak. As it happens, rich people in Arab countries can help the local government hunt eagles because they have paid back some money.

In the morning, I visited Mr. Li Weidong, a staff member of Xinjiang Environmental Education Center. He has done many environmental analysis and assessment projects in the oilfield. In his view, the energy strategy that Xinjiang is mainly implementing now is energy substitution, that is, replacing coal with less polluting oil and natural gas as residents' living energy. However, he believes that these fossil energy sources are non-renewable and there is a huge demand for these energy sources in the Mainland. After several years of exploitation, they finally entered the exhausted stage. Moreover, life adapting to the use of these energy sources will form energy dependence.

Therefore, he suggested that in areas where the ecosystem can still be self-renewed, village-level farmers and herdsmen can use fuelwood, but they should examine the ability and capacity of environmental renewal, which are needed for ecosystem renewal, otherwise it would be a waste. Although some areas have begun to use wind energy and solar energy, it is difficult to popularize them for a while because of the limitation of geography and high cost.

In terms of attention, he suggested that it should be considered from a more macro and strategic perspective. What is the government's energy strategy in Xinjiang? What suggestions can be given from the perspective of investigation?

For Tahe Oilfield, which we decided to choose as the site, he pointed out in particular that from the environmental point of view, I can pay attention to the following aspects: First, the groundwater separated from oil exploitation has serious salinity and pollution, so it can only be reinjected into the ground, but after reinjection, if the reinjection is shallow, it will pollute the groundwater. Secondly, the pollution problem of Tarim River can not be ignored because of the industrial and domestic sewage from oil exploitation and chemical industry in the upper reaches. A large amount of water used in the upstream also caused the water level in the middle and lower reaches to drop, and Hu Yangmu died, which is also the reason why the water level in Lop Nur slowly dropped and eventually dried up for decades.

However, he also mentioned that in the process of oil exploitation, the general principle is to recharge water from any layer to any layer. Generally, oil wells are several kilometers deep, so whether the recharge water affects the quality of groundwater and what layer it affects remains to be studied.

In the afternoon, I first met Wang Xiuling, a teacher who studies the giant salamander in Xinjiang Normal University. Her research started from 1989, which was caused by a northern salamander brought back by her students from Wenquan County. There are about three thousand in the wild now. This year, due to the lack of water supply in the snow-capped mountains, the habitat area has decreased. It lives in a very clean stream at an altitude of 2000 to 3000 meters. It has high requirements for the environment and is a national first-class protected animal. The biggest impact on this species now is that the carrying capacity of livestock near five habitats has greatly increased (one habitat has increased from 3 households in the 1990s to 19 households with 6,000 livestock), which leads to the intensification of local activities of these animals, and it is easy for livestock to step on the stones where giant salamanders are hiding and kill them. And according to the survey, there is a large graphite mine near the habitat. Once this mine is mined, its habitat will no longer exist because of its obvious and strong impact on the environment (but the current government's attitude towards this mine is to ban mining forever).

However, she believes that in the past ten years, the annual snowfall in this area has changed significantly, and overall, the water quality of lakes and streams near the habitat has not changed significantly. This is because there are no large-scale industrial projects in Wenquan County.

At noon on 26th, I found Mr. Cui Yanhu after the meeting. He is the most prestigious expert in social investigation and ethnic issues in Xinjiang. He has done a lot of research on the distribution of social interests in Xinjiang's oil development, and is the project leader entrusted by the Ministry of Civil Affairs to conduct research on ethnic issues and AIDS in Xinjiang. He talked about Xinjiang's oil development from the perspective of national interest distribution and environment.

He believes that there are three main ways for local residents to benefit from oil exploitation: resource fees paid by oil companies to local governments, local taxes and direct investment by oil companies in the local area. There are three main reasons why it is difficult for local residents to enter oil companies. Petroleum exploration is a relatively high-tech industry, and local residents are not qualified for these jobs because of their low education level. The projects of oil companies are all mobile, and wherever there is oil, it will flow. It is difficult to arrange the local people recruited after the project, so they simply don't recruit; Out of prejudice against local people, oil companies are also reluctant to talk about it. However, after years of oil exploitation, local residents still do not enjoy the benefits of energy exploitation, and even use firewood.

In addition, Mr. Cui also suggested that we include Kuqa in the inspection schedule. He thinks the oil exploitation in Kuqa is more representative. Not only are new oil reservoirs constantly discovered near Kuqa, but PetroChina, the district government, the Construction Corps and Sinopec plan to invest 20 billion yuan locally to build Kuqa into a large petrochemical base integrating upstream and downstream. This is a key step for Kuqa and even the whole southern Xinjiang economy to take off. On the other hand, this large-scale chemical project is built in such a fragile ecological environment as Tarim Basin, which is easy to cause a devastating blow to the local ecological environment. Kuqa is not rich in water resources, but it is said that a large underground reservoir was recently discovered under the riverbed in the lower reaches of Gan Wei.

9.27 diary

I arrived in Korla at 4: 30 in the morning, found a hotel in the dark and fell asleep. Until 9: 30, I got up and simply washed, and contacted the Tarim Oilfield Command Center of PetroChina, China Merchants Bureau and Environmental Protection Bureau of Korla City.

In China Merchants, I want to know about some petrochemical investment projects. A staff member surnamed Gong received us, introduced the current industrial development and investment plan of Korla, and gave me two investment brochures, including two large-scale petrochemical investment projects: dimethyl amide production project and 65438+500,000 tons/year melamine project.

Next, I went to the business department of the Environmental Protection Bureau, and section chief Shao Weidong received me and gave us a brief introduction to the environment in Korla. At present, the water source cited by Ku comes from the underground water source near 2 1 regiment, which is 79 kilometers away from Ku city. The water of Peacock River has been used as irrigation water and auxiliary water source. The water quality of Peacock River belongs to Class III water body. In order to maintain the water quality of Peacock River, Kush has closed some factories and mines along the coast, including two paper mills. Kush industrial water consumption accounts for 1/3 of the total water consumption. When I asked why the factories and mines along the coast were closed, and the river could only reach Class III water, he explained that it was because there were some industrial factories and mines around Bosten Lake in the upper reaches of Peacock River. It belongs to source pollution. And these are not within the jurisdiction of Ku City, so he can't give me more comprehensive and detailed information. But he introduced me to the environmental monitoring station of the state government for more information. But we couldn't do it because the main leaders of the bureau were either on a business trip or out for a meeting.

After coming out of the Environmental Protection Bureau and arriving at Tazhi, Li Minghe, a reservoir engineer, first introduced the exploration and development situation and investment plan of Tarim Oilfield in recent years. He said that the exploration rate of Tarim Oilfield is only about 1 1%, which means that most blocks in the basin have not been explored yet. In addition, in recent years, hundreds of millions of large oil fields and tens of billions of cubic meters of gas fields have been discovered in the basin, showing the development potential of Tarim Oilfield! But so far this year, there has been no big discovery. Regarding the Tarim Oilfield 12 block that PetroChina announced to open to foreign investment a few months ago, he revealed that the investment promotion work is in progress, and the French company Total has inspected the relevant blocks, and he is preparing relevant geological data for these companies for their early drilling and logging.

Next, he took us to the Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Department of Tarim Oilfield, where section chief Li Yuedong received us and introduced some work done by Tarim Oilfield in environmental protection. Including putting the environmental protection concept into the actual work and production of every employee from top to bottom, educating employees on environmental protection, formulating relevant environmental protection rules and regulations, strictly implementing environmental assessment work, and planning, building and putting into production at the same time. The oil field also tried to recover associated gas to generate electricity or import it into the west-east gas pipeline network, which greatly reduced the air pollution in the operation area and achieved good economic benefits. At present, oilfield sewage treatment mainly includes three aspects. Oil production wastewater is mainly treated by reinjection into the formation and natural evaporation in the evaporation pool. Oil production wastewater accounts for 60% of the total wastewater. The wastewater from chemical production mainly reaches the national secondary standard after sewage treatment, and is used for greening and recycling. Domestic sewage is discharged into the municipal pipe network system and used for greening after treatment. The oilfield also invests in greening desert roads and building green communities in the operation area (the water source is reclaimed water after treatment of living water). Environmental protection investment in oil fields now accounts for 4% of the total investment. Generally speaking, the oil field really attaches great importance to environmental protection now, and the rules and regulations in all aspects are relatively sound, and the leaders' environmental protection meaning has reached a certain height, but the specific implementation needs to be understood on the spot.

After lunch with Li Minghe, I went back to the hotel and rested for half an hour. I went to the platform, arrived at the platform at 8: 30 in the evening, found a hotel next to the station and simply settled down for dinner. Then rest and prepare to visit the county government and some communities tomorrow.

9.28 diary

When I got up this morning, the weather on the wheel platform was really good. By eleven o'clock in the morning, the sun has shone like a needle, so it is no wonder that it can become a Gobi. Generally speaking, residents here are much suntanned than mainlanders, so there are fewer beautiful girls on the street, but Uighur girls seem to love dressing up, and many young women wear heavy makeup.

The resident population of luntai county is about10.3 million, of which the urban population accounts for about half. Before the development of petroleum industry, Luntai's main financial income came from agriculture, planting cotton, corn and wheat. Now thanks to the support of the oil industry, the annual financial revenue of Luntai can reach about 654.38+0.2 billion. Among them, the tax revenue from oil fields can account for about 60%, but recently, due to the transfer of more than 40 oil wells to nearby Aksu, the financial revenue from oil has decreased by about 20%.

In the morning, we first went to Luntai Environmental Protection Bureau to learn about the environmental protection work and overall environmental conditions of Luntai in recent years. At the Environmental Protection Bureau, we were surprised to find that six of the nine staff members, from the secretary to the supervisor, were Uighurs. It seems that this is a veritable Uighur gathering area (about 80% of Uighurs in the county). Later, we further learned that Uighurs can also account for half of the staff of county administrative organs.

According to the Environmental Protection Bureau, there are basically no major environmental problems within the jurisdiction of Luntai Environmental Protection Bureau. Because the enterprises in this county are mainly companies serving oil fields and enterprises engaged in oil and gas refining and downstream deep processing, the air quality in urban areas has been relatively good for many years. The main work of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and the Environmental Monitoring Brigade is to inspect industrial and mining enterprises and other units and collect pollution fees. As for the two industrial parks in Luntai, because they are directly invited by the leaders of the municipal party committee, the enterprises in the industrial parks enjoy privileges in all aspects. In the first few years of Hongqiao Industrial Park, the Environmental Protection Bureau did not even allow the industrial park to enter. It was not until recent years that the Environmental Protection Bureau began to take over the work of issuing permits and collecting some pollution fees (mainly because some small enterprises used coal as fuel to violate environmental protection standards), but most of the projects also started construction by "getting on the bus first and making up the tickets later".

In the afternoon, I went to the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Planning Bureau and Statistics Bureau, and got a general understanding of the current social and economic development and recent planning of Luntai. Since the development of 1996 Tahe Oilfield, the economy of Luntai area has also taken off. In recent years, luntai county's overall economic strength has been significantly enhanced and its industrial structure has been continuously optimized. It is estimated that the county's GDP will reach121600 million yuan in 2005, which is 1.8 times higher than that in 2000, with an average growth of 22.9% in five years. It is estimated that the local fiscal revenue will reach 230 million yuan in 2005, an increase of 94.9% over 2000, with an average growth of 14.28% in five years. Among them, the tax revenue from oil fields can account for about 60%, but recently, due to the transfer of more than 40 oil wells to nearby Aksu, the financial revenue from oil has decreased by about 20%.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the total investment in fixed assets of the whole society can reach 654.38+0.67 billion yuan, and it is expected to reach 570 million yuan in 2005, an increase of 654.38+0.6 times compared with 265.438+0.09 billion yuan in 2000, with an average increase of 265.438+0.08% in five years. It is estimated that the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen will reach 4 100 yuan in 2005, an increase of 79.3% compared with 2286 yuan in 2000, with an average annual increase of 12.4%.

It is estimated that by 2005, the number of individual and private enterprises in the county will grow to 169, which is three times higher than that in 2000, and the average annual growth rate will be 40% during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period. The registered capital in 2005 is expected to be 4190,000 yuan, which is 12.6 times higher than that in 2000. The number of employees in 2005 is expected to be 2,455, which is 1.8 times higher than that in 2000. It is estimated that the number of individual industrial and commercial households will reach 36,965,438 in 2005, an increase of 20% over 2000.

In addition, two chemical parks have been established in luntai county, and there are more than 50 enterprises in the parks, mainly oilfield service enterprises and oil downstream products deep processing enterprises. The establishment of the leading industry of petroleum and petrochemical industry initially reflects the agglomeration effect of petroleum and petrochemical industry and becomes an important driving force for the development of industrial economy in luntai county. In 2005, the industrial added value of the park accounted for 75.8% of the county's industrial added value.

Besides oil, luntai county has also accelerated the development of other mineral resources. In addition to the technical transformation of the annual coal production capacity of 6,543,800 tons, luntai county has basically completed the integration of nine 90,000-ton coal production capacity transformation enterprises. New Mining Group is implementing 65438+200,000 tons coal development project in Yang Xia mining area, and has completed detailed resource investigation. At the same time, on the investment list of luntai county's trade department, we can see that several other mineral projects are also attracting investment.

Through interviews, we know that great changes have taken place in the lives of people in Luntai in recent four years, which is also reflected in the per capita income data published in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan. In 2005, the per capita disposable income of urban residents is expected to reach 7239 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen is expected to reach 4 100 yuan, an increase of 79.3% over 2000, with an average annual growth of 12.4%. The registered urban unemployment rate is controlled within 3.5%, and the goal of controlling the registered urban unemployment rate within 4.0% in the Tenth Five-Year Plan has been achieved.

Finally, in the county water conservancy bureau, we heard some serious situations. The wheel platform is located on the windproof slope of Tianshan Mountain. The melting water of snow-capped mountains is less than that of the north slope, and the rainfall is very small. So there are only nine mountain streams, all of which are inland rivers. They can only flow to places thirty or forty kilometers away from the Tarim River and die in the Gobi. According to the estimation of residents' data, the available reserve of groundwater in Luntai is 90 million cubic meters, and the domestic water consumption of residents in Luntai urban area is about 6.5438+200,000 cubic meters/year, which does not include the groundwater intake for agricultural irrigation by motor wells in rural pastoral areas. The annual groundwater intake in the oilfield is about 2 million cubic meters, which will not affect the groundwater level, but in fact, the groundwater level in Luntai City has dropped by several meters in recent years, and now some artesian wells are also available.

Several problems existing in the utilization of water resources in Luntai are:

First, although Tahe Oilfield is located in Luntai, it is not controlled by the county government in many aspects. For example, in terms of environment, it belongs to the oilfield environmental monitoring brigade of the state government. In terms of water conservancy, the oilfield has its own underground water intake device, and only pays a few cents to a dime of water resources utilization fee to the county water conservancy bureau per ton. At present, the depth of groundwater intake in counties and cities is about 200 meters. However, due to the high salinity of shallow groundwater in the area where the oilfield is located, they generally drill wells at a depth of more than 400 meters. Because it is isolated from shallow groundwater, it is very difficult to replenish this deep groundwater, which usually takes at least several hundred years, so it is not allowed to be pumped internationally. However, this kind of pumping oil field also belongs to "getting on the bus first and then buying tickets", and local governments can't control it.

Second, two industrial parks in luntai county have the same problem. The company digs wells to extract groundwater by itself, and the depth and water consumption of pumping water are determined by itself. They only report to the Water Conservancy Bureau on a routine basis. Overreporting and underreporting are beyond the control of the Water Conservancy Bureau. Because the enterprises in the industrial park are introduced by county leaders, they can operate outside the law without interference from local departments in the face of various procedures and regulations.

In other aspects, we know that the average income level of local residents is still low. The salary of county civil servants is about 1000 yuan per month, and employees of general enterprises in industrial parks can only get 400 yuan per month to 500 yuan. In towns and villages, because Han farmers are willing to use chemical fertilizers, farming is more meticulous, and agricultural income is generally better than that of Uighurs. In cities, people who do small businesses generally earn at least 1000 yuan a month. The price level in luntai county is not lower than that in Korla, and the prices in these two cities seem to be higher than that in Urumqi, which also confirms Cui Yanhu's joke: "Where the big oil brother goes, the price will rise." The house price here is not high. The average residential area in the urban area is about 500 to 600 yuan per square meter, and the opening price of some new residential areas is about 14500 yuan, which is lower than that of new residential areas in Korla 17800 yuan per square meter. It is predicted that with the rapid development of energy industry, house prices in these two cities will rise. Wenzhou people's sense of smell has been extended sensitively here. It is said that the most modern shopping mall in luntai county City is opened by Wenzhou people.