Is it hot in Guizhou? What's the climate like?

(Overview of Climate Resources in Guizhou) Guizhou is located in the subtropical west of China, on the slope of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. It belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate, and the eastern half is in the southeast monsoon region which is humid all the year round. The western half is in the transition zone from the southeast monsoon without obvious dry and wet seasons to the southwest monsoon with obvious dry and wet seasons. Because it is located at low latitude and high altitude, it is close to the ocean. The central uplift in the territory gradually decreases in the east, south and north directions, and is constant between the Sichuan Basin and the hills of Guangxi. Mountains crisscross and rivers crisscross, which makes the terrain very complicated, thus forming the complexity and diversity of climate. Although the climate in most areas is mild and humid, the vertical change of climate in mountainous areas and valleys is particularly obvious. In the winter half year, due to the blocking of Qinba Mountain in the north, the cold air in the south mostly intrudes from the north, bypassing the two lake basins, and often forms a static front in the central and western regions. The Weining and Panxian areas in the west are often in front of the front, so it is sunny in winter, and the central and eastern parts of the province are just behind the front, so it is rainy in winter. Summer is controlled by subtropical high, and it is often sunny and dry in the east, but there are frequent rainstorms in the west. The subtropical high jumps northward and the rain belt moves northward. At this time, drought and flood alternate in the province.

Guizhou is rich in climate resources, and its general climate features are: distinct four seasons, mild spring and mild wind, no severe cold in winter, no intense heat in summer, abundant rainfall, rainy and hot in the same season, cloudy and less sunshine, high humidity, rainy and rainy, obvious monsoon climate, long frost-free period, great vertical difference and obvious three-dimensional climate. In terms of light energy resources, the cloud cover in most parts of the province is about 80%, the sunshine percentage is between 25% and 35%, and the sunshine hours are 1, 200 ~ 1, 600 hours, which makes the total solar radiation in the whole year only 3349 ~ 3767 Joules/m2, which is a low-value area in China. However, from April to September, more than 70% of the sunshine and solar radiation were concentrated in the whole year. So it can basically meet the demand of crops for light energy. In terms of heat resources, except for the cold areas in northwest China, the average annual odor in most areas is 14.0~ 18.0 degrees Celsius, the average temperature in the coldest month is 10 degrees Celsius, and the average temperature in July in the hottest month is above 22 degrees Celsius, greater than or equal to10 degrees Celsius, and the accumulated temperature. In terms of water resources, the annual precipitation in most areas is between1100 ~1300mm, and more than 75% of the annual precipitation is concentrated from April to September, which can basically meet the needs of crop growth.

Due to the instability of monsoon (advance and retreat sooner or later, strong and weak), the climate in Guizhou is complex and the weather is changeable, so that meteorological disasters such as two droughts (spring drought and summer drought), two winters (spring cold and autumn wind) and hail occur frequently, which is extremely harmful to Guizhou's agricultural production.

[Distribution of Climate Resources in Guizhou] 1. The total solar radiation of light energy resources is 3349 ~ 3767 MJ/m2 in most parts of the province, and less than 3349 MJ/m2 in Daozhen, Wuchuan, Guiding and Jinping in the northeast. Together with Sichuan Basin, it is the area with the least total solar radiation in China, which is only 30% of Tibet and Qaidam Basin where the annual total solar radiation in China is the most abundant. Only a few counties in the west and southwest edge of the province can reach 4186 ~ 4,605 mj/m2, which is only roughly equivalent to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Guangdong and Guangxi, mainly because it is less in winter than the neighboring areas at the same latitude.

Annual sunshine hours: the annual sunshine hours in the whole province are 1 100 ~ 1400 hours. The maximum 1800 hours in the west and the minimum 1050 hours in the northeast, decreasing from southwest to northeast. Guizhou is one of the regions with the least sunshine in China, which is less than half of that in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Qaidam Basin, and 30% to 40% less than that in the same latitude provinces. The annual sunshine percentage in most parts of the province is 25% to 35%, and it can reach 35% to 40% in the west and southwest, among which Weining has the highest sunshine percentage of 4 1%, while the northern part of Dalou Mountain is only 24%.

The annual variation of sunshine in winter is only 18.3 ~ 434.9 hours in Weining and Panxian counties, 150 ~ 300 hours in central, southern and southeastern regions, and 100 ~ 10 hours in Zunyi, Zheng 'an and Daozhen in the north. In spring, there is more sunshine in the west and less sunshine in the east. 503.2 hours in Weining in the west, reduced to 300 hours in the middle and less than 250 hours in the east. The corresponding sunshine percentage has also decreased from 50% in the west to less than 25% in the east. In summer, the sunshine hours in the whole province are 450 ~ 550 hours, with little regional difference. The sunshine percentage in most areas is 40% to 45%. In autumn, the sunshine hours are basically distributed in the latitudinal direction, with more in the south and less in the north, which is 350-250 hours, and the sunshine percentage is correspondingly reduced from 30% to below 20%.

2. Heat resources

The annual average temperature in Guizhou is more affected by altitude and topography than by distance from the sea and geographical latitude. As the altitude gradually decreases from west to east and from north to south, it gradually increases, and the whole province is 12 to 18 degrees Celsius. The zonal distribution is not obvious, and most areas are.

Between 14 and 16 degrees Celsius, there are two high-temperature areas with annual average temperature above 18 degrees Celsius, one in the lower reaches of Chishui River in the north and the other in the lower reaches of Hongshui River, Zhangjiang River and Liu Du in the south. The temperature in the south is the highest, with Luodianda 19.6 degrees Celsius, ranking first in the province. Due to the high terrain of Weining, Dafang and Shuicheng in the northwest, the annual average temperature is less than 12 degrees Celsius, of which 10.4 degrees Celsius in Weining is the lowest. Due to the influence of topography, the heat resources in Guizhou are greatly affected by altitude, and the vertical temperature changes obviously. The temperature in a region, county and township varies greatly, and the "three-dimensional climate" is obvious. This has created favorable conditions for developing diversified economy and characteristic economy.

3. Water resources

Regional distribution of annual precipitation The average annual precipitation in Guizhou is1100 ~1300mm, which is not only a region rich in precipitation in China, but also a region with small annual variability and stable changes.

Generally speaking, the distribution of annual precipitation in Guizhou is more in the south and less in the north, with more windward surfaces and less leeward surfaces in mountainous areas. The windward slopes at the east and west ends of Miao Ling in central province are two rainy areas. The western region includes most of southwestern Guizhou, eastern Liupanshui and western Anshun. The annual precipitation 1300 ~ 1500mm, with the center in Qinglong, is as high as 1538.3mm, which is the highest in the whole province. The eastern region is slightly smaller, including the eastern part of Qiannan Prefecture and the western part of Qiandongnan Prefecture. The annual precipitation is 1250 ~ 1854.2 mm, with the center in Danzhai, and the rainfall reaches1451.9 mm. In addition, Tongren, Jiangkou and Songtao on the southeast windward slope of Wuling Mountain are sub-rainy areas, and the annual precipitation is only 850 ~109. Night rain accounts for more than 50% of the annual precipitation, and Anshun and Liuzhi are as high as 70%.

Third, the division of climatic zones.

The climatic zones in Guizhou can be divided into four types: south subtropical zone, middle subtropical zone, north subtropical zone and warm temperate zone. The south subtropical zone is mainly distributed in Luodian and Wangmo in the south of Guizhou and Chishui in the north. It is greater than or equal to 10℃, the accumulated temperature is greater than 6000℃, the most Leng Yue average temperature is greater than 10℃, and the annual extreme minimum temperature is greater than minus 5℃. The middle subtropical zone is mainly distributed in the accumulated temperature 10℃ and 3500-4500℃; The highest average temperature in Leng Yue is 2-4℃; The annual extreme minimum temperature is minus 20- minus10℃; The warm temperate zone is mainly distributed in high altitude areas in the west and mountainous areas such as Fanjing Mountain and Leigong Mountain. So it is equal to 10℃, and the accumulated temperature is less than 3500℃: the average temperature in Leng Yue is 2℃, and the annual extreme minimum temperature is less than minus 20℃.

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