The Cretaceous dinosaur of the dragon

Dragon may be the last sauropod herbivorous dinosaur, but most of its tail spines are fragments. However, its shape seems to remain unchanged, with a small head, a long tail, elephant-like limbs and a short neck. The most important difference is the hinge of convex-concave fossa at the beginning of coccyx. Because of the long face, the most complete skull is a bit like Liang Long. At least one bony scale evolved into a carapace. Dinosaur Name: Dragon (Continental) Titan

Latin name: Titan.

Name data

Dinosaur length: 44 meters

Dinosaur weight: 60-80 tons

Dinosaur food: herbivores

Age of existence: Late Cretaceous

Location: South America, Europe, Africa, Asia

Identification: Most of the back has obvious bone nails.

Dinosaur species: sauropod, sauropod, Titan [Titan] Western definition of dragon.

Dragon is a reptile with constant body temperature. In other words, it is a warm-blooded animal, and its body temperature is controlled by internal organs. This feature enables it to adapt to its extensive living environment. It can move around the clock all year round, unlike other reptiles, which can only move at night, because they need sunlight to keep their body temperature. Dragons generally have wings. In order to lose weight, bones are hollow. Some dragons, usually surviving ancient species, have no wings and short legs. These ancient survivors are usually very clever and aggressive. They are classified as "abyss worms" and face this extinction. Dragons can live for a long time, and there are records that dragons have lived for 500 years or even 1000 years. But there is no record of dragons dying because of their age. On the other hand, their causes of death are accidents, diseases or fighting with their most cruel enemy-human beings. skeleton

Dragons are the largest flying animals known. In order for this huge body to fly in the air, its body structure must be different from that of ordinary reptiles. So, don't associate dragons with ordinary reptiles too much. The pterygoid bone of the dragon is connected with the broad shoulder bone, supporting a powerful pterygoid muscle group. This requires a very special and unknown bone connection system, which is stronger than concrete, but much lighter than concrete.

It should be noted that dragons, like birds, have hollow bones to lose weight According to science, any creature with a body structure like a dragon can fly well and quickly.

muscular system

The muscular system of the dragon is one of the most fascinating and complicated parts of the dragon. We estimate that a dragon bite will bear an average of two tons of force per cubic centimeter (such a large force can easily break steel).

In fact, dragons are very powerful. Its legs and "arms" can support heavy objects effortlessly. However, this is only on land, and in the air, dragons can't carry more than half their own weight for a long time.

You can try to take a closer look at the pictures depicting the bones and muscles of the dragon ... I have seen many pictures depicting the front paws and rear paws of the dragon, and think that the dragon can't run, and the muscles are not developing in this direction. This is not to say that they can't walk, but that dragons can't reach high speed on the ground. Of course, there are many kinds of dragons, some of which may run.

fish scale

The dragon's body is almost completely covered with hard shiny scales, but the dragon's neck and abdomen usually have no scales. It is generally believed that it has the habit of digging holes underground, although not every dragon researcher agrees with this view. In order to protect its "soft" abdomen (at least not as hard as other parts of the dragon's body), dragons usually "put on" breastplates made of precious stones. With its highly viscous saliva and gastric secretions, dragons often stick gems on their necks and stomachs, which is both protective and beautiful.

The scales of dragons have five horns, which are a bit like tears. It has two long sides and two short sides, and a short side is connected with the skin. Dragons can make scales stand up, or they can put scales in other states to dress themselves up. Remember, dragons are very clean creatures and pay great attention to keeping skin and scales clean and perfect.

Generally speaking, the scales of dragons are skillfully overlapped, which is due to the raised cavities on the scales' surfaces, so that the scales can be well overlapped without affecting their actions.

If you look closely at a piece of Long Lin, you will find that the innermost scales have thick hair and are firmly embedded in the epidermis like roots. In hair follicles, secretory glands secrete an adhesive substance, which makes scales and epidermis stick together tightly. This substance mainly comes from minerals, which also determines the color and hardness of Longlin. The outermost layer of the scale is translucent keratin texture, which makes the scale shiny.

Dragons don't need to shed their skin like most reptiles. The growth of Longlin is a process of self-reconstruction, just like human nails and hair. Scales don't fall off dragons except when they are sick.

wing

In principle, the wings of dragons are not fundamentally different from the forearms of other animals. There is a short phalanx and four long phalanges in the dragon wing, and the pterygoid membrane similar to bat is attached to the phalanges. The shoulders, arms and fingers that make up the dragon wing are very similar in the wing membrane structure (see the left picture). It should be noted that some images stick the wing roots of dragons on the shoulders, which is biologically incorrect. The root of the dragon's wing membrane should be attached to the middle of the back near the leg. This is very important. If the root of the wing membrane of the dragon is connected with the upper part of the back, then the dragon can fly but can only control the movement in the numerical direction (head up or tail down), which is obviously very unfavorable to the flight speed and maneuverability. If the root of the dragon's wing membrane is connected to the middle of its back, then the dragon can control its horizontal movement and use its head and tail as rudders to control its direction, which makes it highly maneuverable. This also makes the surface of the wing much larger.

The root of the wing membrane is close to the leg.

The surface of the wing is much larger here. Moreover, the wings are in the middle of the body, which is convenient for maintaining balance and adjusting height through the neck and tail. The wings of a dragon should look like this. According to their adaptability, a dragon can live healthily 1200 years, or longer.

Except for some misfortune.

Anyway, all dragons,

From an unremarkable egg to the end, there are 12 clear stages.

Every new evolutionary stage is embodied in the body, mind or behavior of the dragon.

egg

The change of egg size depends on the kind of dragon.

They are generally the same color as the dragons that gave birth to them.

This dragon is immune to the same elemental damage.

(For example, black dragon eggs are black or dark gray.

And is not damaged by acid).

Dragon eggs are slender and oval.

And a hard stone shell.

Female dragons can lay eggs from an early age.

Even when she is extremely old, she can keep her fertility.

Men have the ability to fertilize eggs since puberty.

And maintain fertility until Archean.

Eggs are fertilized in females,

The time required to prepare for production is about a quarter of the incubation period.

, as shown in the table below.

Approximate figures are provided in the table;

The actual cycle may have a deviation of 10 days.

Rule: dragon egg

Although it contains a living embryo, it still regards the dragon egg as an inanimate object.

Production of dragon eggs

Dragons are born once a year, and there are 2-5 dragons in a nest.

Ovulation begins with mating, and females usually lay fewer eggs.

If she wants, she can not mate.

Mating and production can occur at any season of the year.

Most dragon eggs are laid in the nest of the mother nest.

Where mothers or parents can guard and take care of them.

A typical nest consists of pits or mounds.

Eggs are completely buried in loose matter, such as sand or leaves.

The oval structure of the dragon egg endows it with strong anti-extrusion ability,

Females can walk around the nest, fight or sleep.

Don't worry about breaking her eggs.

Dragons sometimes put their eggs in unprotected places.

In these cases,

Females attach great importance to the concealment of nests.

Her or her spouse (or both) may visit the website regularly.

The size of the nest, but they will be careful not to get too close to the nest.

Unless the egg is threatened by some kind of danger.

Hatched dragon eggs

When the eggs hatch, the young dragons inside must break free from the shackles of the eggs.

If parents are nearby, they usually help the young dragon to pat the eggshell gently.

Otherwise, the young dragon must break out of its shell by itself.

It usually takes less than a minute or two for the young dragon to try to escape.

All the eggs in a nest begin to break their shells almost at the same time.

The hatching rate of properly cared and hatched dragon eggs is almost 100%.

Uneasy eggs, especially those artificially hatched far from the nest,

It is less likely to give birth to a live dragon baby.

Once the dragon eggs are produced, they should be hatched in an environment suitable for hatching.

The basic requirements depend on the type of dragon, as follows.

Hatched embryos can survive in the inadequate incubation environment in dragon eggs, but it won't last long.

In the environment where the incubation conditions are not met, the young dragons must have a physical examination every hour.

(DC 15+ 1 is the previous verification; The hatchling embryo has the same physical value as the hatchling)

Decide whether to survive or not.

At the last 1/4 time of the incubation period.

Young dragon embryos will become conscious in dragon eggs.

The hatching environment of dragon eggs is as follows:

Black: Eggs must be soaked in strong enough acid, causing 1d4 damage every turn, or buried in various swamps and wetlands.

Blue: In the first half of every day, eggs must be kept warm.

In the environment of 90 degrees Fahrenheit to 120 degrees Fahrenheit, and in the environment of 40 degrees Fahrenheit to 60 degrees Fahrenheit for the second half of the day.

Brass color: eggs must be placed in an open flame or at least 140 degrees.

Bronze color: eggs must sink into the sea or ocean, or at least twice a day in places with tides.

Copper: Eggs must be soaked in acid strong enough to cause 1d4 damage per round, or wrapped in cool sand or soil (40 to 60 degrees Fahrenheit).

Gold: eggs must be placed in an open flame or at least 140 degrees.

Green: Eggs must be soaked in strong enough acid, causing 1d4 damage every turn, or buried in leaves soaked by rain.

Red: eggs must be placed in an open flame or at least 140 degrees.

Silver: Eggs must be buried under snow, wrapped in ice, or kept inside.

In an environment of 0 degrees Fahrenheit.

White: eggs must be buried under snow, wrapped in ice, or kept inside.

In an environment of 0 degrees Fahrenheit.

Hatching of dragon eggs

Young dragons hatched from eggs must break free from the shackles of eggshells.

According to the position in the egg, the young dragon can't tear the eggshell.

And the strength of the baby dragon's claws is not enough to break through the hardness of the shell.

In order to break the incubation, DC20 must be tested.

Fortunately, I can get 20 in the appraisal, and it takes about 2 minutes to break the shell.

If the egg is taken care of by at least one of the parents of the dragon baby, it doesn't need further tests to determine whether it is alive or not.

If the incubation environment is worse than ideal, the young dragon must have a physical examination to determine whether it is alive or not.

The dc value of the physical examination is associated with the environment list provided in the following table.

Decide whether to survive under unfavorable conditions.

Such as when the nest is disturbed or the eggs are removed from the nest,

When a creature takes care of an egg, it can have a medical examination. If the creature has mystical knowledge above level 5, it will gain a bonus of+1.

Young dragons can use their own physical fitness test results or medical test results to get the highest value.

Breaking an egg before the end of the incubation period 1/4 will cause the young dragon to die.

If the eggs are broken during the last 1/4 of the incubation period, the hatched larvae can be checked for survival, and if they pass the inspection, they will suffer the same amount of bruises as the current health.

This kind of injury cannot be treated before the larvae pass the normal incubation period.

And the young dragon is very unstable during this whole period.

At the same time, taking care of premature babies must ensure that they survive as unborn eggs.

Young dragon (age 0-5 years old)

Through full growth, the young dragon crawls out of the egg and is ready to face life.

From the tip of its nose to the end of its tail, it is about twice as long as an egg.

The actual size of a little dragon depends on what kind of dragon it is; See chapter 5).

A newly hatched dragon is hard to recognize and wet.

In about an hour, it will be ready to fly, fight and think.

It inherited from its parents how to use its body correctly and effectively.

But this innate knowledge is often buried in the memory of young dragons.

This knowledge will not be ignored until it is needed.

Compared with the older dragon, the young dragon is a bit clumsy.

Its head and feet are bigger,

Wings and tails are smaller than those of adult dragons.

If the parents were there when the baby dragon hatched,

Xiaolong will have a protector and may spend the first 10 year of his life safely and happily.

Otherwise, the young dragon will struggle to survive.

Whether raised by other dragons or left to its own devices,

The first thing a young dragon has to learn is to become a dragon, which includes foraging.

Find a nest and know your abilities (this is the usual order).

The newborn baby dragon will immediately start looking for food.

For those unattended young dragons, the first meal is often their eggshells.

This habit can not only ensure that the young dragons get the minerals they need for life,

And you can choose to attack other young dragons in the same nest.

Young dragons raised by their parents can generally eat their favorite species.

For example, red bronze dragons provide their offspring with giant centipedes or

Scorpion. In many cases, this food is a living victim,

Young dragons will be trained to hunt after their first meal.

After satisfying hunger, the young dragon's next task is

A safe and reliable nest. Dragons will look for hidden things.

Defend holes, corners and gaps for it to rest and hide.

And began to store the treasure.

Under the care of parents, a young dragon will find an area in his parents' nest and divide it into his own territory.

Once it feels that it has a considerable food source and a safe nest,

The young dragon will devote himself to honing his talents.

It usually tests anything it can do.

Fight against nesting dragons, find dangerous creatures to fight, and spend a long time meditating.

If parents are present, young dragons will be taught how to get along with dragons.

Occasionally accompany parents to deal with daily activities.

Young dragons sometimes find similar old dragons as mentors.

Between good dragons,

This relationship is accidental and usually lasts 10 years (a very short period according to the dragon's standards).

The young dragon will visit the old dragon regularly (once a month/kloc-0 or once a week) to seek advice and information.

Dragons also give advice to dragons who are not their own offspring.

Because they understand the importance of young people in an immortal race, it is not out of altruism.

No matter what kind of dragon is complex,

This mentoring relationship requires the young dragon to bring food as a gift to the mentor.

Information and treasure. If the old dragon

Once the apprentice is regarded as an opponent, this relationship will end immediately;

Speaking of dragons, the ending is often fatal to young dragons.

The ability of young dragons

A newborn baby dragon can't fly, and agility is punished -2.

And be punished by -2 in attack verification.

These punishments will disappear within an hour.

Other abilities of the young dragon include skills and specialties in the monster manual.

The choice of skills and expertise is similar to that of their parents.

Juvenile dragon (age 6- 15 years old)

From the age of 6, the dragon has grown to twice the length of the young dragon.

Although his head and feet are still too big for his body. They become stronger and more energetic.

In order to adapt to its huge size, the dragon must find a new nest to live in.

Most dragons will rearrange their territory, especially those with the help of their parents.

When dragons hunt in an area for five years. The original nest may have been known to outsiders,

Or the surrounding victims are exhausted)

Juvenile (age 16-25 years old)

From the age of 16, most dragons began to develop rapidly until they reached adult size.

Although their heads and feet are still as big as baby dragons.

Their life experiences make them smarter and master their talents.

At this stage, the dragon began to strongly feel the desire to treasure and establish territory.

Although they may work well at the same time.

In some cases,

Young dragons will continue to share their nests and territories with nesting dragons or their parents.

When dragons reach puberty, they leave their nests,

They usually go far away from their birthplace to find a place where they can do housework by themselves.

Young dragon (26-50 years old)

From the age of 26, dragons can easily cross the road until they reach adulthood.

Its strength is far less than that of an adult dragon, but it has the body proportion of an adult dragon.

Some kinds of dragons will show their magical abilities for the first time at this stage.

Juvenile (age 5 1- 100)

Half a century later, the dragon entered adulthood.

Although their bodies will continue to grow for many years.

They are ready to find a mate, and most dragons will find a mate in time.

At this age, the scales of the dragon became powerful armor.

They are not afraid of any attack, except magic weapons and other dragon claws and teeth.

A young dragon mastered its first spell, showing its terrible intelligence.

A young dragon will cut them off from their mentor, parents and other dragons in the nest.

(if it has not already done so) and build its own nest and territory.

Adult dragon (age 10 1-200 years old)

In the second century of his life,

The development speed of dragons began to slow down,

But its physical condition is already first-class.

With the end of the initial rapid development,

The dragon's body becomes stronger and healthier than before.

Adult dragons continue to hone their spiritual strength,

And master more skills and magic.

At this stage of life, most dragons will find a long-term mate.

Share their nests with it and future generations.

Mature dragon (age 20 1-400 years old)

When dragons have gone through two centuries, their strength continues to rise materially and spiritually.

Usually there are some obvious changes in their bodies.

At this stage of their lives, the real power of dragons is expected.

It knows this.

In the golden age of life, dragons will show a kind of self-confidence, which young dragons lack. Dragons in their prime rarely use danger to prove themselves (oppose, question and resist other dragons). On the contrary, they act purposefully and confidently, usually through years of planning to make it perfect.

Because of the strength, wealth and age of mature dragons,

In this huge world, it is rarely ignored.

They are well known, at least among other dragons,

This often makes them the targets of competitors or adventurers of the same kind.

As a mature dragon, the first thing is to inspect the nest and enhance the defense ability.

Usually, dragons carefully rearrange related affairs.

Dragons are never in a hurry to choose their new nest,

And how to arrange to protect more treasures is often in their plans.

There is a real basis for the poetry population to rob the treasure and destroy the country.

For example, this happens when a mature dragon is moving.

Laolong (age 40 1-600)

When most dragons reach this age, their bodies stop growing.

Although they become stronger,

And their brains and magical power will continue to increase in the next few centuries.

The old dragon began to show some signs of aging;

Their scales become broken and cracked, and their colors become dull.

(although some metal dragons are actually shiny),

Their irises began to fade, so their eyes looked like featureless crystal balls.

Most old dragons continue to hone their cunning patience,

This has already started from the prime of life.

Although dragons will soon protect what they think is private, they rarely act rashly for anything.

Instead, consider anything that may happen before taking action.

Extremely old dragon (age 60 1-800)

When the dragon experienced six centuries, its resistance to physical attacks became stronger.

It began to master powerful spells and magical abilities. For women,

This period is the last chance for their descendants to reproduce.

Most females will try to lay at least two eggs before losing their reproductive ability.

Gu Long (age 80 1- 1, 000 years old)

During this period, women reached the end of childbearing age.

As compensation, most females began to train younger dragons like males.

Gu Long is worried about the young dragons who are not yet adults.

And their wisdom and experience are very beneficial to those dragons.

Most dragons have brains comparable to those of the smartest humans at this time.

They are like a huge treasure house of knowledge, whether it is practical experience or mysterious knowledge.

Shanggulong (age 1, 00 1- 1, 200 years old)

Living for more than a thousand years, even being a dragon is a great achievement.

This stage is a milestone for the dragon.

Even a competitor's dragon, an ancient dragon will at least win superficial respect.

Male dragons reach the end of reproductive age at this stage,

But their high status guarantees their spouses.

Young females usually establish territory near male gulong,

In order to mate and seek protection, so that their offspring can easily get the guidance of Gu Long.

Taigulong (age 1, 20 1 year or above)

When dragons have gone through twelve centuries, their souls and bodies have reached their final form.

Their physical, mental and magical power reached its peak.

Decline and death

There is still some debate about how long Archaean dragons can live (some scholars think dragons are immortal).

Unfortunately, the dragon itself is not helpful at all on this issue.

They have no birth records and like to exaggerate their age.

Half-elf sages Guillaume and Cirjon de Cheirdon made a rigorous algorithm for the dragon age.

It originated from the tracking investigation of some famous (and notorious) dragons when they arrived in Archean.

Later, some scholars suspected that Guillaume's conjecture was not really a note.

Anyway, they all disappeared in the end, and no one knew their final resting place.

Maybe they died from a dragon attack, or they are still with us, in some other way.

Dragons can prolong life to a certain extent,

Enter a stage called recession. At that stage,

It was invented by Guillaume and cirjon, representing the last stage of the dragon's life.

The growth of dragons stopped in Archaean, which also indicates the arrival of death.

For living things, growth runs through life.

Dragons can survive for centuries after reaching Archean,

But it is dying, and it will never escape death.

The recession appeared in the last stage of the dragon's life,

Forcing the dragon's physiological condition to spiral.

The decline of dragons may last for several years, but usually the first decline will lead to death.

Avoid recession

Most dragons prefer to escape the reality of gradual death,

They stay away from the crowd just to keep their undiminished dignity.

Most Taigulong seems to disappear only in the last stage of life.

No one knows exactly how they will treat death,

But scholars have identified at least three possibilities: death,

Become a guardian, and the dragon and lich.

Avoid recession

Any old or older dragon may die, become a guardian, or a dragon lich. Like any predator, dragons have keen senses. Its extraordinary senses grow with age, mainly because the dragon's mind and wisdom have been strengthened in the centuries it has spent. Dragon's eyes, ears and nose may not become sensitive with age, but its amazing intelligence can make it more able to distinguish the surrounding situation.

sight

Dragons have excellent eyesight for hunting. Relying on excellent insight, they can judge things far away from themselves very accurately, and their observation of nearby places is equally excellent. Dragon's vision in the daytime is at least twice that of human beings, and its eyes can quickly adapt to the dazzling light. Dragons can look directly at the sun in sunny summer without any visual punishment. Hawks and other carnivorous birds will also have visual characteristics similar to dragons. These creatures usually have poor eyesight at night-this may be the reason.

In fact, the dragon's eyesight is very good in dim light. In the moonlight, the dragon's vision is like daytime. In a darker environment, the sight distance of dragons is four times that of humans in similar situations. Even if there is no light at all, dragons can still see.

Dragons can distinguish colors when any light source is turned on. It can distinguish colors at least as well as humans. Without light, dragons can only see black and white.

smell

Dragons can smell as well as see. Its accurate sense of smell depends only in part on its sensitive nose. Like a snake, it looks for smells in the air with its forked tongue. A dragon can feel the existence of other creatures through its sense of smell, which makes it very difficult to catch this Long Bian unconsciously. As long as it is close enough to smell the prey, it is almost impossible for dragons to hide.

(sense of) hearing

The dragon's ears are as sensitive as human beings, and the range of tones it can hear is the same as human beings.

Even the youngest dragon has a sharper hearing than ordinary people.

Because they have the ability to distinguish what is important, they can focus on those meaningful sounds in a noisy environment.

lose one's eyesight

The most prominent example of dragons' senses is their blindness-being able to see things that are invisible or completely blurred. By using their noses and ears and detecting some subtle clues, such as the movement and vibration of air, dragons can feel anything near them, even if their eyes are closed, they are covered with magical darkness, or they are surrounded by impenetrable fog. Of course, some natural scenes (such as colors) are invisible.

sense of taste

Dragons have a very sensitive sense of taste. Dragons can recognize the slightest changes in drinking water, and most dragons have a rare taste of food. For example, for the red dragon, it means poisonous insect. Perhaps the most notorious food taste is the red dragon, which prefers the flesh and blood of young women.

Strangely, the dragon didn't respond to the fragrance, either he didn't like it or he couldn't tell whether it was fragrant or not. Most dragons refuse to discuss such things.

sense of touch

Because of their thick scales and clawed feet, dragons are very dull in touch. Smaller and younger dragons that have not yet developed natural armor are more sensitive to touch than older dragons, but their sense of touch decreases with the age of dragons. If dragons are interested in the surface of something, they may touch it with their tongues. Nevertheless, the dragon's tongue proves that it is better to taste than to touch.

Dragons' dull sense of touch may explain why they prefer to use piles of coins, gems or other treasures as nests. A small, hard and pointed bed is for human beings.

It's too uncomfortable. But these are just tickles for dragons, like a blanket of wool balls.

sight

As the monster dictionary says, dragons have good eyesight in all light environments.

In ordinary light, the dragon's vision is twice that of human beings. In the game, this means that the dragon can detect possible encounters, and its distance is twice that of dmg. Similarly, when a dragon carries out reconnaissance and verification, they only bear the punishment of half the distance; Every 20 feet-1 is equivalent to the standard penalty of every 10 feet-1.

In low light, the dragon's vision is four times that of human beings. Usually, the dragon's low-light vision is the same as other low-light vision creatures, unless the dragon sees four times as far under artificial light. For example, in the dragon's field of vision, using the target-centered light technology to illuminate the surrounding 40 feet can increase the dragon's low-light field of vision by an additional 40 feet.

In complete darkness, dragons rely on dark vision and blindness. Both abilities are accurate, but the range is different. 120 feet of dark vision and 60 feet of blindness.

In addition to excellent visual organs, dragons generally enhance their reconnaissance skills.

Smell and hearing

Smell Although their sense of smell is so excellent, dragons still have no special sense of smell that can benefit from the game, except that sense of smell can contribute to their blindness.

Dragon's hearing

The dragon's hearing is not better than that of people. Dragons usually enhance their listening skills, and huge skill points can ensure that their hearing is much better than that of typical humans.