What kind of person is Xu Beihong?

Xu Beihong (1895- 1953), formerly known as Xu, is a modern painter and art educator. Yixing, Jiangsu. I studied painting hard when I was young, and then I studied in France. He has brought China's modern paintings to exhibitions in France, Germany, Belgium, Italy and the Soviet Union. During his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he sold it abroad many times and got money to help refugees from the motherland. Join the democratic movement. He has long been engaged in art education. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as president of the Central Academy of Fine Arts and chairman of the All-China Artists Association. In painting creation, it advocates being the most subtle and broad; For Chinese painting, those who advocate the excellence of ancient law should abide by it, those who reject it should continue it, those who fail to do so should change it, and western painting can be absorbed by those who enter the law. Good at oil painting, Chinese painting, especially sketching. Character modeling pays attention to realism and conveys expressions. He created historical paintings with progressive ideas, such as Nine Square Heights and One Mountain in Gong Yu. His paintings of flowers and birds, landscapes and animals are concise, lively and full of vitality, especially Ma Chi's paintings are well-known at home and abroad. Painting can integrate Chinese and western techniques and has its own characteristics. Establish the painter Xu Beihong Memorial Hall in Beijing. 1895 July 19, a baby boy was born and fell to the ground in Qitingqiao Town, Yixing County, Jiangsu Province. The child's father named him Shou Kang, hoping that he would live a long and healthy life. This peasant boy named Xu is the famous painter and art educator Xu Beihong in the future. Xu Beihong's father, Xu Zhangda, is a well-known local folk painter. In addition to farming, students and paintings are sold in the town to subsidize the family. The home is full of his father's calligraphy and painting, and the young Beihong is deeply impressed by this and has a strong interest in calligraphy and painting. But when he asked to learn painting, his father politely refused. Two years later, at the age of nine, he got his wish and began to learn painting from his father. His father ordered him to copy a lithograph of Wu Youru and learn design every afternoon. Since then, Xu Beihong has formed an indissoluble bond with painting and calligraphy, and devoted his life to painting without reservation. The period from 65438 to the end of 2009 and the beginning of the 20th century was an eventful year for China society. The external western powers invaded wantonly, the internal feudal regime decayed, and natural and man-made disasters broke out one after another. 1908, it rained heavily in Xu Beihong's hometown and the crops were swallowed up. In desperation, Xu Beihong, who was only 13 years old, followed his father to sell paintings in neighboring counties and towns for the sake of the family's livelihood. Because Xu was seriously ill, the career of selling paintings in the wandering rivers and lakes was suspended. Xu Beihong helped his swollen father back to his hometown. As the eldest son, he shouldered the burden of the family. Soon, my father died, but the family didn't even have a penny for burial. Xu Beihong borrowed money from relatives in tears. Enthusiastic Mr. Tao not only sent the money immediately, but also personally helped arrange the funeral. After his father died, Xu Beihong became the pillar of the family. /kloc-when he was 0/9 years old, he realized the hardships of survival and the impermanence of the world prematurely. In order to support his family, he decided to go to Shanghai to find a way out. One of his fellow villagers, Mr. Xu, teaches in China College. With the enthusiastic help of xu teacher, his works were recognized by the president of Fudan University, and he promised to arrange a job for him. But when the president saw Xu Beihong, who was still a child, he quietly said to Xu, "This man is still a child. How does he work? " Soon, Xu went to Peking University to teach, and Xu Beihong lost his job. The weather is getting colder every day, and he has used up what little money he has. Finally, because he was penniless, he was kicked out by the hotel owner. He returned to his hometown with great disappointment. However, in poor rural areas, painting is impossible to make a living, so he decided to go to Shanghai to find a way out. 19 15 In the late summer, he took Xu's letter of introduction to the Commercial Press and asked to interview Yun Tieqiao, editor-in-chief of Novel Monthly. Yun was very satisfied after reading the letter of introduction and several of his works, and promised to let him draw illustrations for primary and secondary school textbooks. But the next day, when he came to the Commercial Press again, he was told that another person in charge of the China Department thought his paintings were unqualified, and the newly ignited fire of hope was extinguished again. Xu Beihong stumbled out of the gate and ran all the way to Huangpu River. Looking at the rolling river, he really wanted to jump down and stop everything from now on, but he shed sour tears when he thought of the eager eyes of his hometown folks and siblings. Just as he was hesitating about life and death, someone suddenly grabbed his arm. It turned out to be Huang Jing, a small clerk in the Commercial Press. Xu Beihong's despair when he left the Commercial Press made the enthusiastic man uneasy, so he followed him all the way, and he really saw that he was going to commit suicide and stopped him in time. Huang Jing stubbornly took him back to his narrow dormitory. They shared a bed and a thin quilt, and Xu Beihong had a shelter for the time being. Later, he died of gastrointestinal diseases. Xu Beihong was born in Yiting Town, Yixing. At the age of 6, he began to learn from his father except Zhang Da. At the age of 9, he completed four books and Zuo Zhuan. At this time, his father began to teach him to copy a figure painting of Wu Youru every day. Because of his poor family, Xu Beihong took part in agricultural labor since childhood, except for his father selling paintings and his mother planting mulberry and sericulture to subsidize his family. In March, Mr. and Mrs. Hong Bei went to France, and were admitted to the Paris Higher School of Fine Arts, where they studied under President Fairmont. /kloc-in the winter of 0/920, they were accepted as students by the most famous French painters and went to the Ocean Studio to study every Sunday. 1in the spring of 923, his oil painting "The Old Lady" was selected for the French National Art Exhibition, which received rave reviews. From 65438 to 0924, he created oil paintings such as Xiao Sheng, Honeymoon, Distant News and so on. 1925 raised funds to buy the ocean oil painting "Mr. Filja", went to Singapore to sell paintings, painted oil paintings for overseas Chinese leaders such as Chen Jiageng, and returned to Shanghai after a six-year absence. Tian Han held a "Cold Interpretation Meeting" for him and introduced him to Guo Moruo and others. /kloc-0 arrived in Paris from Shanghai in March, 926 for further study. I went to Brussels, Belgium in summer and copied oil paintings in the museum every day. 1927 In the spring, he visited Switzerland and Italy and enjoyed the famous paintings handed down from ancient times by artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael during the Renaissance. In April, he returned to China after finishing his studies, passed through Singapore, went ashore to continue painting overseas Chinese, and raised enough money to settle in Shanghai. After arriving in Shanghai, he volunteered to be the head of the Fine Arts Department of Nanguo Art College organized by Tian Han. While teaching, I conceived and created a huge oil painting "Tian Heng 500 Scholars". Soon, he was hired as a professor in the Art Department of Central University. 1929 left Nanguo Art College and moved to Nanjing. 1September, 929, he was hired as the president of Beiping Art College. He boldly put forward innovative ideas, advocated learning from nature, and learned some excellent western technologies. In terms of employing people, he advocated the selection of talents in an eclectic way, urged Qi Baishi, a 67-year-old carpenter-born painter, to be a professor, and personally edited and published Qi Baishi's first painting collection. Due to the obstruction of conservative forces, Beihong's reform plan was difficult to implement, so he resigned and returned to the art department of Central University. 1933 65438+ 10, at the invitation of the French National Gallery, went to Paris to hold an exhibition of modern China paintings, which was officially opened on May 10. More than 3,000 French ministers of education, foreign affairs and celebrities from all walks of life participated, and more than 200 articles were published in newspapers and magazines, reaching more than 30,000 people. At the invitation of Italy, China Modern Art Exhibition was held in Milan. He has held exhibitions of Xu Beihong's personal works in Belgium, Berlin, Germany and Frankfurt. 1 934 On May1day, the Soviet Red Flag History Museum held an exhibition of modern paintings in China. During the exhibition, he was invited to give lectures at the Soviet Art Association and Academy of Fine Arts. Then, the exhibition was held in Elmy Tashi Museum in Leningrad (St. Petersburg). 1934 returned home with honor in August. 1940 spring, at the invitation of Indian poet Tagore, he gave a lecture at India International University. On February 17, a sketch was drawn for Mahatma Gandhi, and he signed it. He held art exhibitions in Carditan, Saintigny, and Kolkata, and all the proceeds were donated to the motherland to help refugees. From India to Singapore in June of the same year 165438+ 10. 194 1 year, the disaster relief art exhibition was held in Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Luanbao successively, and overseas Chinese who love the motherland rushed to snap it up, and all the proceeds were donated to help refugees. 1in March, 949, Xu Beihong participated in the New China delegation led by Guo Moruo and went to Paris (later changed to Prague) to attend the World Peace Conference. On the way home, I drew sketches for Tian Han, Ding Ling, Zheng Zhenduo, Deng Chumin and others. In addition to teaching, he also participated in the work of formulating the country name, national emblem and national anthem. Among them, thousands of national anthems were submitted, but none of them were satisfactory. At the seminar held in Mao Zedong, Hong Bei suggested replacing the national anthem with march of the volunteers. This proposal was immediately supported by Zhou Enlai, and then everyone spoke in favor of it, which was formally adopted at the first China People's Political Consultative Conference. 1 949 65438+1October1day, Hong Bei stood at the gate of Tiananmen with the party and state leaders, solemnly listening to President Mao Zedong's announcement to the world: "The people of China have stood up!" After the China People's Political Consultative Conference, Premier Zhou Enlai personally appointed Hong Bei as the president of the Central Academy of Fine Arts and was soon elected as the chairman of the National Artists Association. Xu Beihong is from Qiting Town, Yixing. At the age of 6, he began to learn from his father except Zhang Da. At the age of 9, he completed four books and Zuo Zhuan. At this time, his father began to teach him to copy a figure painting of Wu Youru every day. Because of his poor family, Xu Beihong took part in agricultural labor since childhood, except for his father selling paintings and his mother planting mulberry and sericulture to subsidize his family. In painting creation, he advocates "to be subtle and broad". In Chinese painting, he advocates that "those who are good at ancient law should be maintained, those who are bad at ancient law should be continued, those who are not good at ancient law should be changed, those who are not good at ancient law should be increased, and western painting should be integrated with those who have entered the ancient law." Good at oil painting, Chinese painting, especially sketching. Character modeling pays attention to realism and conveys expressions. He created historical paintings with progressive ideas, such as Nine Square Heights, Poems and Paintings of Six Dynasties, China's Wounded Lion Watching American Flying Tigers, and One Mountain in Gong Yu. His paintings of flowers, birds, scenery and animals are concise and lively, especially Ma Chi's paintings are well-known at home and abroad. His paintings can integrate Chinese and Western techniques and form their own characteristics.