What kind of weather, environment, soil, water and nutrients does clover like?

clover clover, also known as Trifolium pratense, is a perennial herb. There are two main types, namely white clover and red clover. Clover is a high-quality leguminous forage grass, with soft stems and leaves, rich leaves, high crude protein content and low crude fiber content. It can be used for grazing livestock and feeding herbivorous fish. Among them, Triofliumrepens can be used as an excellent plant for urban greening and lawn construction because of its low plants and strong adaptability. In addition, there are the Korean drama CLOVER, the cartoon Clover Clover and the image of Adidas logo.

Chinese scientific name: clover

Latin scientific name: clover

alias: Trifolium

Family: Leguminosae

Genus: Clover

Distribution: South Asia Minor and Southeast Europe. Widely distributed in temperate and subtropical high altitude areas.

catalogue

plant morphology

growth habits

lawn building

planting techniques

breeding management

weeding in the garden

common varieties

stories and legends

The plant morphology

in this section is a perennial herb. Plants are low, 3 ~ 4 cm high. Straight-rooted, the root has the characteristics of being born with rhizobia, and the root has strong tillering ability and regeneration ability. There are many branches, and the branches grow prostrate. When the internodes touch the ground, they take root and sprout new buds. Compound leaves, with three leaflets, the leaflets are obovate or inverted heart-shaped, the base is wedge-shaped, the apex is blunt or slightly concave, the edge is serrate, and the center of the leaf surface has a "V"-shaped white halo; Stipules elliptic, holding stems. Flowering in summer and autumn, head-shaped raceme, spherical, long peduncle, white flowers, occasionally reddish. Flowering and fruiting at the same time, the seeds have different maturity and are small. Clover has strong vitality, the plants are short and creeping, and the mowing has self-sowing ability, so the covering effect is good. Because of its ability to fix nitrogen, there is not much demand for fertilizer. However, when there is no rain for a long time, we should pay attention to watering in time to fight drought. Low foliage, many flowers, long green period, often used in ornamental lawns, and can be mixed with Kentucky bluegrass and Festuca arundinacea. It can also be used as flowering ground cover by unicast, which is often used for slope greening and has the function of soil and water conservation. White clover plants are low, only 3 ~ 4 cm high, so it is generally not necessary to mow. But it is also resistant to mowing, and the covering effect can be quickly restored after mowing.

Edit the growth habit of this section

Clover has strong cold tolerance. When the temperature drops to ℃, some old leaves turn yellow, and the leaflets on the main roots cling to the ground and stop growing, but they remain green. Therefore, the green period is very long. The requirements for soil are not strict, and it can adapt to various soil types. Clover < P > grows well in acidic soil. I like warm, sunny and well-drained environmental conditions. Growth is slow in drought, and some of them die in high temperature season. It is resistant to pruning and trampling, and has strong regeneration ability. Renewed leaflets can grow within 1 days after pruning. After high-intensity trampling or rolling, it can be recovered in 3 ~ 5 days. In the case of strong shading, it is easy to grow in vain, resulting in poor growth. Strong resistance to harmful gas pollution and pests and diseases.

edit the lawn planted in this section

The lawn planted with grass seeds of Gramineae lawn has become a limiting condition for the development of lawn industry because of frequent pruning and large amount of watering, and the adoption of three-leaf lawn with white flowers can overcome these shortcomings. The advantages of establishing a lawn with white flowers and three leaves are: (1) No need to build it, and the management intensity is low. The trifoliate stems of white flowers are stolons, and the plants are low, and the height is generally between 1 and 2 cm. Therefore, the established lawn can not be trimmed. (2) Less watering times and extensive management. Clover with white flowers has a well-developed root system, which can make use of the moisture in the deep soil, and the requirements for soil dryness and humidity are not too strict. Therefore, watering times can be reduced and extensive management can be carried out. (3) Natural regeneration and enduring lawn. White clover does not need pruning, so the plant can blossom and bear fruit. The seeds are born by themselves, which can realize natural regeneration and make the lawn last forever. (4) It is aggressive and ornamental. Three-leaf stolons of Baihua spread around, and their stems took root on the ground. When the mother plant died or the stems were cut off, the stolons could form new independent clusters. Therefore, it is very aggressive. Clover is a broad-leaved plant with horizontally extending leaves, which can effectively cover the ground and inhibit the growth of weeds. Therefore, once the white clover lawn becomes a lawn, weeds are not easy to invade and the lawn can be neat and beautiful.

edit the planting techniques in this section

The trifoliate seeds are small, so they should be carefully prepared before sowing. First of all, deep ploughing should be carried out to remove stumps, construction waste, grass roots and other sundries. The lawn planting in the courtyard is often carried out after the construction is completed. Therefore, there are wastes such as cement, sand, mortar, bricks, tiles and decorative materials in the site, which must be removed and backfilled with garden soil. Secondly, soil treatment should be carried out to eliminate weeds. After deep ploughing and cleaning, most of the grass roots and vegetative propagules have been removed, but the weed seeds and some vegetative bodies are still in the soil. When the conditions are suitable, the seeds of the weed clover < P > will germinate again, which is harmful to the lawn. Therefore, the turf bed should be treated with soil. If the construction period is not tight, the weeds can be exterminated after watering. If the construction period is tight, soil fumigation combined with soil disinfection can be used to treat weed seeds. White clover grows slowly at seedling stage and is vulnerable to weeds, so soil treatment is very important. Thirdly, shallow tillage should be carried out and organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer should be applied in combination with shallow tillage. Fourthly, harrowing and grinding should be carried out, and fine soil preparation should be carried out to make the flat bed smooth and smooth, thus creating conditions for sowing.

edit this section of reproductive management

before sowing, seed germination test should be carried out to master the germination rate and germination potential of seeds. The germination rate of white clover seeds is 75% ~ 85%, and its germination potential is very strong. It can germinate completely in 2 ~ 3 days after sowing and emerge completely in 4 ~ 5 days. Clover can be seeded with rhizobia before sowing. After inoculation with rhizobia, clover grows vigorously and its nitrogen fixation is enhanced. The method of seed dressing is to take the root nodules of clover and mash them, and dilute them with water, whichever is soaked. You can also use the commercially available clover rhizobia agent to seed dressing. White clover can be sown in spring or autumn, with spring in late March and autumn in mid-September. Clover is mainly sown in autumn in the south < P >, and mainly sown in spring in the north. Sowing can also be done in summer, but after sowing, the topsoil must be kept moist or covered with mulch for shade. The sowing rate of white clover turf is 8 ~ 1g/cm? 2 is appropriate. There are 1,4 ~ 2, seeds per gram of white clover. Theoretically, one seed per square centimeter of soil can meet the needs of turf formation. The actual sowing amount is larger than the theoretical sowing amount. When sowing, divide the seeds equally according to the plot area and the determined sowing amount, mix the seeds evenly with dry soil or fine river sand, and spread them manually. If the lawn is planted in a large area, it can be sown by cyclone seeder. The sowing depth of white clover is 1 ~ 1.5 cm. After the seeds are sown on the lawn bed, they can be raked into the soil by lawn harrow or covered with fertile soil or substrate for 1cm. ? Management before turf formation White clover grows slowly at seedling stage, so management before turf formation is very important. After the seeds are sown in the lawn bed, if a sprinkler system is installed in advance, sprinkler irrigation can be carried out. If there is no sprinkler irrigation system, self-made sprinklers can be used to spray water manually. Spraying is carried out every morning or evening, and the surface of the lawn is always kept wet until the seedlings emerge. After emergence, the number of spraying water can be reduced, but it still needs careful management. Seedling management lasts about 3 ~ 5 days. During this period, weeds should be removed at any time, mainly by manual pulling, in order to prevent weeds from harming clover. Generally, cotyledons are unearthed 4 ~ 5 days after sowing. From 8 to 8～1d days, the first true leaf grows, which is a single leaf. From 13 to 15 days, the second true leaf grows, which is palmately trifoliate. After 2 days, the third true leaf grows, and the height of the seedling is about 5cm. 3 ~ 5 days can cover the ground and form a lawn. For the lawn sown in summer, it is necessary to cover it with straw or wheat straw, which can not only avoid the high temperature hazard, but also keep the lawn moist. When the real leaves grow to cover the ground, take advantage of the overcast weather or in the evening to remove the cover. Management after turf formation After the white clover lawn is completed, it is not necessary to carry out intertillage weeding because of its strong invasiveness. Because nitrogen-fixing rhizobia can absorb nitrogen in the air and transform it into a form that can be used by plants. Therefore, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are the main fertilizers, and no or less nitrogen fertilizer is applied. In the peak season of growth and wintering, sufficient water should be supplied to ensure vigorous growth and safe wintering. Cutting can be done once before midsummer, and sufficient water can be poured to keep the plants green. Cut it again before overwintering, and water it thoroughly. In this way, when it turns green next year, there will be no yellow leaves on the lawn. White clover has strong ability to resist pollution and diseases and insect pests, and less diseases and insect pests. When insects such as leafhoppers, weevils and cutworms are found, dimethoate and dichlorvos can be sprayed and killed. If Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and viral diseases are found, triadimefon can be used for prevention and treatment. Techniques of substrate seedling raising and separate planting and turf building White clover can be planted with substrate seedling raising and separate planting and propagation besides direct seeding and turf building. This clover < P > method is suitable for turf establishment in summer or when weeds are not easy to be cleared. The specific method is to choose a vacant site, bare land, brick land, concrete land, etc. Pave a layer of 3 ~ 5 cm thick substrate on the site, which can be river sand, peat soil, vermiculite and other materials. The seeds of Trifolium repens were sown in the substrate, and the sowing depth was still 1 ~ 1.5 cm. Sprinkler irrigation was carried out by manual spraying to keep the substrate moist. White clover can grow into seedlings after 2 ~ 3 days of management. At this time, the white clover will be transported to the turf site together with the substrate. On the prepared turf bed, the plants will be planted with 2cm×2cm plant spacing. After planting, the water and fertilizer management will be strengthened, and the ground will be covered for about 2 days to form a lawn. White clover is widely distributed in temperate and subtropical high altitude areas. China can be planted in other areas except South China. At present, the excellent varieties of white clover introduced by Beijing Crawford Grass Technology Development Center mainly include Haifa, Huia, Nanouk and Rivendel, all of which are excellent varieties for lawn construction.

edit weeding in this section of the garden

chemical weeding before sowing clover lawn during this period can effectively reduce the occurrence of weeds after sowing lawn. Generally, perennial perennial weeds must be picked up from the plot during land preparation, and then lightly watered to promote weed seed germination. Use glyphosate clover < P > or paraquat to kill weeds when they are basically in full bloom. Although glyphosate and paraquat are exterminating herbicides, they become ineffective after about eight hours of contact with soil, and will not affect the germination of clover seeds planted a few days later. Chemical weeding should be carried out on clover lawn after sowing and before seedling. Soil moisture is the most important drug in this period. Chemical weeding in this period is labor-saving and time-saving, with low cost and good effect. Clover seeds are sown, evenly covered with soil and watered. After that, use 1-15 ml of bopingle and 5-6 kg of water to spray evenly on the ground, covering an area of 667 square meters. With the help of wetting the ground (it is difficult to form a drug film in drought), a drug film with a thickness of about .5-1 cm is quickly formed after the liquid medicine is sprayed on the ground. When the weed seeds germinate, they contact the drug film and are killed. The application method is different from the traditional spraying method, which requires backward spraying to avoid stepping on the film. Pay attention to the spray effect of the sprayer when spraying. The better the atomization effect, the better the weeding effect. The effect of using fan-shaped nozzle is good. Oppose the use of multiple nozzles. The effect of spraying with large machine is better than that of manual spraying, but the amount of water, dosage and spraying area are still required by manual spraying. According to the size of soil particles, the soil texture can be roughly divided into five categories: clay, light clay, loam, sandy loam and sandy soil. Clay, light clay and loam can be safely used for soil closed weeding. Sand leaks, fertilizer leaks, medicine leaks, and you can't use Pingle. The sandy loam is a little better, and it is not recommended to use Pingping Music. After the use of Bopingle, the germination of clover seeds is basically not affected, but most gramineous weeds germinated by seeds and broad-leaved weeds with small seeds can be controlled, and the control effect on broad-leaved weeds with large seeds, such as Xanthium sibiricum and hemp seeds, is poor, and it is ineffective for Cyperaceae weeds. After using bopingle, the lasting period is about 6-9 days on clay and about 6 days on loam. It is very important to carry out chemical weeding in clover seedling stage, and the drought effect is poor. Herbicide can be used to control annual broadleaf weeds and gramineous weeds at any time after clover seeds germinate. It is safest to control Gramineae weeds among them. When annual gramineous weeds such as crabgrass, cattail grass, green bristlegrass, barnyard grass occur, herbicides such as Da Sha He, High Efficiency Gaicaoneng, Jing Kui He Ling, Jing Sheng Sha De and Wei Ba are used to control them. Even if the clover has just sprouted, these herbicides are safe, and they only act on gramineous weeds under normal dosage. Please refer to the instruction manual for the usage amount, adding water amount and spraying area of clover < P >. The dosage can be appropriately increased, and it is still safe for clover. Trifolium repens is the safest way to control broad-leaved weeds in clover. Clover can be used before and after germination. At this time, the appropriate dosage is 2g. First, it is dissolved in a small beaker and other containers, and then it is added with a sprayer and mixed with 25-3kg of water, and evenly sprayed with 667m2, which has good control effect on various annual broadleaf weeds with about 3 leaves. Even if the clover seedlings are burned, it doesn't matter. Strengthen water and fertilizer management and return to normal growth after one week. The maximum dosage of Trifolium repens used in the seedling stage of clover is 4g. Cyperaceae weeds in clover, such as Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus fragrans, Cyperus crenata, etc., should not be controlled at this time, or the following special methods should be used for control. Chemical weeding of clover lawn was carried out in this period, and the soil moisture was high and the effect was good. Gramineae weeds refer to seedling stage. Control broad-leaved weeds, identify weeds and apply pesticides. Weeds are below 5 leaves, and only 2 bags of Trifoliate can be used per mu of lawn; Weeds are 5-7 leaves, and 3 bags of Trifolium can be used per mu of lawn; Weeds are 7-9 leaves, and 4 bags of Trifoliate can be used per mu of lawn. No matter how big the weeds are, it is not recommended to use clover to control them. The amount of water added per mu is still required to be 25-3 kg. Precautions are: do not apply pesticide in windy days; Do not spray again, do not leak; Do not use medicine for 8 hours before the rain. At this time, the weeds in Cyperaceae can be controlled by using the clover-enhanced type or by using the enhanced type alone. However, it is strictly prohibited to use the lawn grass when it is thin. Otherwise, it will cause the death of thin clover seedlings. In the rainy season, weed seeds germinate with water, and crop after crop emerges endlessly. If weeds are seen, it is costly to use drugs, and long-term repeated use of drugs will also pollute the soil, which does not meet the requirements of sustainable development. Therefore, we suggest that the mode of "one seal and one kill" should be used in the process of controlling weeds in lawn grass. That is to say, after using herbicides such as Trifoliate, Damahe, etc. to kill the existing weeds, the soil can be sealed in time with Bopingle, which can be controlled to be basically free of weeds for about 2 months. The application method is as follows: 1-15 ml of bopingle is mixed with a small amount of water, then 3-4 kg of fine sand is mixed and spread on the lawn of 667 square meters, and then the liquid medicine carried on the sand falls to the ground in time to form a medicine film. In order to ensure uniform spreading, you can use a hand-held lawn seed sprayer, which can spray twice. Solutions to phytotoxicity caused by careless use of herbicides If Trifolium is used, this agent