What are the characteristics of meteorological disasters?

The direct or indirect damage caused by the atmosphere to human life and property, national economic construction and national defense construction is called meteorological disaster. It is one of the major natural disasters. Meteorological disasters are characterized by:

There are many kinds of (1). There are mainly more than 20 kinds of freezing disasters such as rainstorm, flood, drought, tropical cyclone, frost and low temperature, wind and hail, continuous rain and fog, sandstorm and so on. If the subdivision can reach dozens or even hundreds.

(2) Wide range, and meteorological disasters can occur all year round; Whether in mountainous areas, plains, plateaus, islands, rivers, lakes, oceans and air, meteorological disasters are everywhere.

(3) high frequency. During the 38 years from 1950 to 1988, there were many disasters such as droughts, floods and typhoons every year, with an average of 7.5 droughts, 5.8 floods and 6.9 tropical cyclones landing in China.

(4) Long duration. The same disasters often happen season after season, year after year. For example, 195 1 ~ 1980, the drought years in North China are 14 years.

(5) outstanding mass. Some disasters often occur in multiple areas at the same time, such as thunderstorms, hail, strong winds, tornadoes and other strong convective weather, which often occur in groups from March to May every year. 1972 April 15 ~ 22, hail occurred in more than 350 counties and cities in Liaoning to Guangdong * * 16 provinces and regions, and severe weather such as strong winds and tornadoes above 10 occurred in some areas.

(6) The chain reaction is remarkable. Weather and climate conditions often trigger or aggravate natural disasters such as floods, mudslides, pests and diseases, and have a chain reaction.

(7) The disaster is serious. From 1947 to 1980 published by the United Nations, the number of deaths caused by natural disasters in the world is 12 13000, of which 6 1% is caused by meteorological disasters.

As a resource, climate plays an important role in human production and life, but at the same time, the atmosphere also causes direct or indirect damage to human life and property, economic construction and national defense construction, which we call meteorological disasters.