Twenty-four solar terms have been successfully applied for, haven't you come to understand it? (2)

This day is the longest day and the shortest night in the northern hemisphere. From this day on, everything in the world grows most vigorously, but it is not the hottest day of the year. The summer solstice solar term is the solar term with the largest annual rainfall in the eastern part of the basin, and it is often controlled by subtropical high in the future, resulting in summer drought. In order to enhance drought resistance and win a bumper harvest in agriculture, it is an important measure to grab and store pre-dormant rainwater in these areas.

"Sunrise in the east and rain in the west, the road is sunny but sunny" is the weather at the summer solstice.

The steamboat lingers in the summer, and it's cloudy in summer for nine nights. Knowing that farming is hard, cicadas sit on idle branches and sing happily.

On the Summer Solstice Festival, there is a custom of offering sacrifices to Tian Gong and Tian Po in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, that is, offering sacrifices to the land gods and praying for a bumper harvest in agriculture.

the trees are shaded, and it's light summer. It's already very hot, but it's not the hottest time yet, so it's called Xiaoshu. At this point, it is already around the beginning.

A concentrated period of higher average daily temperature than 3℃ and higher maximum daily temperature than 35℃ began to appear, which was unfavorable to heading and flowering of hybrid rice. In addition to fully considering this factor in the layout in advance, corresponding remedial measures should be taken for those that have been planted.

It's boiling in the sky, watching the rain and wind, and occasionally getting a thunderstorm. There is always a lotus pond with the same color and taste.

Generally, after the slight summer heat, the sun will shine at the end of each month. In the countryside, after the newly cut rice is ground into rice, the rice is prepared for the worship of the God of Grains and ancestors, and then everyone eats and tastes new wine together. Cities generally buy a small amount of new rice to cook with old rice, plus newly listed vegetables. The offerings are bitter gourd, towel gourd, eggplant and so on. It is said that bitter gourd blesses everyone, loofah blesses the whole family, old and young, and eggplant blesses his wife and son.

The great summer heat is the hottest solar term in a year. Before and after it falls on duty, high temperature weather of 4℃ often occurs in many places in the Yangtze River basin. The summer heat is the season when jasmine and lotus are in full bloom. The more fragrant the jasmine is, the more fragrant it is, giving people a clean and fragrant enjoyment. The vibrant midsummer is gestating a bumper harvest.

it's a fly and a mosquito when it's hot and humid. When the drums rise in the clouds, if you shoot lotus flowers with arrows, you will sprinkle gold.

June is a hot summer day. In order to prevent moisture and mildew, Beijing has the custom of airing on June 6th. In the palace, you should bask in "Luanjia" and dragon robes; The scholarly family should dry the books, calligraphy and paintings collected; Drugstores should be sun-dried and cooked; The clothes shop should dry the clothes; Leather shops need to dry leather goods. Ordinary people should also take out their clothes, bedding, etc. to "see the light of day" and have a solar disinfection to facilitate preservation and use.

"It's a cool day in beginning of autumn". From this day on, autumn begins, the autumn is crisp, the moon is bright and the wind is clear. Since then, the temperature has gradually decreased from the hottest. After beginning of autumn, late rice in Sichuan basin jointing and booting, cotton boll cracking and boll spitting, field management should not be relaxed at all; Mid-season rice and summer corn enter the stage of filling maturity, so we should guard against the harm of hail, strong wind and heavy rain. The eastern and western parts of the basin should continue to do a good job in drought and flood control respectively.

when a phoenix tree leaves for autumn, there will be a bumper harvest in the rice field. Although it is not midsummer, it is even more chilling.

"Food is the most important thing for the people". beginning of autumn is an important solar term, and of course it is indispensable to eat. Old Beijing has always had the custom of "pasting autumn fat". On this day, every family eats stew, and the more particular ones also eat barbecue, roast duck, braised fish and so on.

summertime is a solar term reflecting the temperature change. "Chu" means hiding and ending, and "Chu Xia" means that the hot summer day is over. In order to ensure the farmland water use in winter and spring, we must do a good job of water storage during this period.

when the summer heat comes out, it's too late for the autumn wind to send you cool. The sun moved south to Xiehuili, cutting rice and crossing the street to Ma Chi.

In the past, there was a folk activity to celebrate Zhongyuan, commonly known as "July and a half". From the beginning of July, there was a ceremony to open the ghost gate, and until the ghost gate was closed at the end of the month, Pudu almsgiving was held. Purdue activity begins with opening the ghost gate, and then the lantern pole is erected, and the water lamp causes the lonely soul; The main body is building Purdue altar, setting up solitary shed, intervening to rob orphans, etc., and finally ending with closing the ghost door.

In the climate of 24 solar terms in the basin of our province, the White Dew has obvious characteristics of rapid temperature drop, the beginning of drizzle and the sudden decrease of sunshine, which profoundly reflects the seasonal change from summer to autumn. It is not good for late rice heading and blooming, and it also affects the harvest and sun-drying of mid-season rice, so there is a saying in the agricultural proverb that "the weather is sunny in the white dew and the rice is as white as silver". On the other hand, we should also take advantage of the rain to store water, especially the Bailu in the east of the basin is another solar term with more rainfall after Xiaoman and the summer solstice, so don't miss the good opportunity.

the jade glitters when the load declines, and the west wind cools one night. The sound of mosquitoes in yan zhen is quiet, and the bordeaux is a little fragrant.

first frost's traditional concept holds that autumn is the golden element of the five elements, and it means to kill people. Therefore, it is called "Autumn Decision".

"an autumn rain and a cold". After the autumnal equinox, the rainfall is obviously reduced, and heavy rain and heavy rain rarely appear; However, the number of rainy days has increased, with frequent rainy days and high night rain rate. It is necessary to catch the sun, manage soil moisture and prevent waterlogging, and do a good job in the quality and progress of "Sanqiu" production. At the same time, we should make full use of the meteorological conditions with little rain and good soil moisture in autumn, seize the opportunity to plant trees and strive to improve the survival rate of saplings.

Summer recedes, autumn turns clear and air turns cool, and the daylight and night are both long. Silver, cotton, golden rice, thousand times show, Dangui, Xiao Ju and Wan Li are fragrant.

the autumnal equinox used to be a traditional "festival to worship the moon". For example, in ancient times, there was a saying that "the sun is sacrificed in spring and the moon is sacrificed in autumn". Now the Mid-Autumn Festival comes from the traditional "Moon Festival". According to textual research, the original "Moon Festival" was set on the day of "Autumn Equinox", but because the day in August of the lunar calendar is different every year, there may not always be a full moon. And the sacrifice of the moon without the moon is a big spoil the fun. Therefore, the "Moon Festival" was later transferred from the "Autumn Equinox" to the Mid-Autumn Festival.

according to historical records, as early as the Zhou dynasty, ancient emperors had the custom of offering sacrifices to the sun at the vernal equinox, the land at the summer solstice, the moon at the autumn equinox and the heaven at the winter solstice. Its places of worship are called Ritan, Ditan, Yuetan and Tiantan. It is located in four directions: southeast and northwest. Up to now, there are many historic sites in China, such as Yue Bai altar, Moon Pavilion and Moon Tower. The folk custom of offering sacrifices to the moon varies from region to region.

The Mid-Autumn White Dew solar term is "dew condensation and white", and by the time it is cold and dew in the season and autumn, it is already "dew gas is cold and will condense" into frost. The climatic characteristics accompanied by the drizzle are: high humidity, more clouds, less sunshine, more cloudy days, and the number of foggy days has increased significantly since then. To this end, on the one hand, we should use the weather forecast to grab the harvest and sowing in sunny days; On the other hand, according to local conditions, we should take various effective farming measures, such as deep furrows and high compartments, to reduce wet damage and improve sowing quality.

the sky is high, the day is warm and the night is cool, and the vegetation is sparse and yellow. Enjoy chrysanthemum fragrance sowing wheat every day and taste pear shells at night to nourish the spleen and intestines.

Because the weather is getting colder and the trees and flowers are dying soon, people call it "Ci Qing". When you climb the mountain in 1999, you still have to eat flower cakes. Because "height" and "cake" are homophonic, you should call cakes "Chongyang Flower Cake", which means "step by step".

It's already cold, and frost is beginning to appear, so it's called first frost. After first frost, a large number of Dioscorea zingiberensis were collected and dug in our basin. If the harvest is too early and the lump is not fully expanded, it will affect the yield; However, if the harvest is too late, it may be damaged by early frost, and the blocks will be frozen and deteriorated, so it is very important to dig them in time.

once in autumn and dusk, it turns into frost, and some parts condense into some yang. The lotus is defeated by a thousand pools, and the cotton is harvested in thousands of hectares.

In ancient times, there was a saying that "frost blows chrysanthemums", so climbing mountains and enjoying chrysanthemums became an elegant event in this festival in first frost. It is recorded in Wu Jun's "The Continuation of Qi and Harmony" in the Southern Liang Dynasty. "In first frost, only this grass flourished", so chrysanthemum was regarded as "the grass waiting for the season" by the ancients and became a symbol of vitality. First frost season is the time when autumn chrysanthemums are in full bloom. Many places in China will hold chrysanthemum parties at this time to enjoy chrysanthemums and drink alcohol to show their respect and love for chrysanthemums.

"Start at once" means that winter will start from now on. "On the day of beginning of winter, the water began to freeze and the ground began to freeze". Climatic conditions are suitable for rape transplanting. Wheat with short growth period and strong springiness should also be sown, because there are many strong cold air attacks in the later period of beginning of winter, and the temperature often drops greatly. If the temperature is low after sowing, the seedlings will emerge slowly and the yield will be affected. When the daily average temperature is lower than 15℃, the growth of Polygonum multiflorum has gradually stopped, so it should be harvested in time. Early frost has occurred in beginning of winter in some years in the northwest of the basin, so it is necessary to dig pits early to avoid freezing injury. At this time, the plateau area is already a dry season, the humidity is rapidly decreasing, and the wind speed is gradually increasing, so we must be highly vigilant against forest fire.

the north wind is cold and cool, and the sparse trees are half green and yellow. Four fields built dikes for drought and flood, and ten thousand families dried things for collection.

beginning of winter eats jiaozi. Because jiaozi comes from the saying of "the time of sexual intercourse". New Year's Eve is the turn of the old year and the new year, and beginning of winter is the turn of autumn and winter, so jiaozi, who is "at the time of having children", can't help eating it.

"The lotus has no rain cover, and the chrysanthemum remains with Ao Shuang branches", which has shown the scene of early winter. During the light snow, the first frost can be seen in the northwest of the basin, so it is necessary to prevent the harm of frost to crops. In the northern part of Gansu and Afghanistan, the lowest temperature is about 15℃ below zero, so it is necessary to do a good job in keeping livestock warm and cold.

The first snow in the Taihang Mountains brought a cold wind, and it withered all the way down to the middle of Jiangxi. When the chrysanthemum withers and the plum moves in the east fence, we know that the earth turns to the sun.

after a light snow, it is the best time to make bacon.

The "heavy snow" indicates that the snowfall has started to rise. "Snow indicates a bumper year" is a popular agricultural proverb in China. In the north, a thick and loose layer of snow is like covering wheat with a quilt to keep out the cold. Snow contains four times more nitrogen compounds than rain. After the snow melts slowly, it seeps into the soil, which can increase the nitrogen in the soil and be easily absorbed and utilized by crops. The low temperature of snow water can freeze the overwintering pests on the ground surface and bring benefits to agricultural production. However, in the south, if the ground heat loses more on sunny nights after snow, there will be freezing damage, which will cause certain losses to crops such as peas and beans.

Wanshan is gloomy and dull, and the branches of trees are hissing all around. Snow White wants to chant sentences, and wears branches to sweep the courtyard to play plum blossoms.

The heavy snow has reached a good season for "tonic", and there is a saying that "tonic in winter, killing tigers in spring". Winter tonic can also regulate the metabolism of substances in the body, so that the energy transformed by nutrients can be stored in the body to the maximum extent, which is helpful to the rise of yang in the body. As the saying goes, "Three-nine supplements make up one winter, and there will be no pain in the coming year." At this time, it is appropriate to warm the yang, tonify the kidney and strengthen the bones, nourish the yin and replenish the essence.

the winter solstice is a solar term divided by astronomy, which is called "short day" and "short day" in ancient times, and it is the shortest day in a year in the northern hemisphere. After the winter solstice, although the days are getting longer and the nights are getting shorter, in the short term, the days are still shorter and the nights are longer. The heat absorbed by the ground every day is still less than the heat lost, so the temperature does not rise immediately. The masses are used to counting nine from the winter solstice, and every nine days is a "nine". Before and after the "March 9th", the heat accumulated on the ground was the least and the weather was the coldest, so it was said that it was cold in March 9th.

the northwest wind hits the grass, and it turns cold several times, and a yang comes. The time is the shortest during the day, but I see Jin Mei in full bloom.

As early as the Zhou Dynasty, the son of heaven chose the winter solstice to hold the ceremony of worshipping the suburbs, so there was a saying that "the calendar family took the winter solstice as the first year". According to "Ritual Sacrifice" and "Suburb Special Sacrifice", "Suburb Sacrifice also welcomes the long day". Because the sun is sunny, the night is cloudy, and after the winter solstice, the white is getting longer and longer, and the sun is shining, so it is the best time to worship heaven. At the same time, because the sun is the spirit, you must rest in peace, so there is a saying that you should not travel on the winter solstice.

After slight cold, it begins to enter the cold season. Cold air is cold for a long time, and slight cold means that the weather is cold but not yet extreme.

The frozen Wan Li is covered with snow, blocking thousands of port jams. Yesterday, I cut peaches and pruned some trees, and suddenly it was like a plum blossom overnight.

folk proverb: "a slight cold and a severe cold make ice balls." In this coldest season of the year, there are many related solar terms in China, such as "drawing nine pictures", "nourishing paste" and "eating vegetable rice".

severe cold means extreme cold weather. Around the Great Cold is the coldest season of the year. The great cold happened just after March 9th and at the beginning of April 9th. As the saying goes, "Walk on the ice in 3949". In the severe cold season, it is necessary to have a proper low temperature in a certain growth period. Wheat and rape with strong winterness require lower temperature through vernalization stage, otherwise they cannot grow and develop normally.

The wax tree, Yinshan, shines brightly, and the north wind alone whistles and calms the three rivers. The old farmer still likes high snow, and there is a smell of wheat and fruit in the coming year.

After the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, there are only six or six days left before the Spring Festival, and the preparations for the Spring Festival are even more lively. Thoroughly clean the room, commonly known as sweeping the dust. Sweep the dust in order to get rid of the old and welcome the new, and remove the ominous. Every household should be carefully and thoroughly cleaned to make the windows bright and clean. Paint the walls. Scrubbing glass, pasting window grilles, writing Spring Festival couplets, pasting New Year pictures and so on.