Appreciation of 8th grade's First Volume of China's Ancient Poetry and Prose

At the beginning of the article, the beautiful and quiet peach blossom forest, with "lush grass and blooming flowers", foreshadows a simple and natural world. Everything is so simple and beautiful there. No taxes, no war, no fame, no conspiracy. I can't even hear a little noise. The relationship between people is so peaceful and sincere. The author did not say the reason for all this, but from the sentence "I don't know why there are Han people, regardless of Wei and Jin dynasties", the news has been vaguely revealed: in the final analysis, it is because no ruling group stands above the people and attacks each other for self-interest. This imaginary world of Taoyuan is undoubtedly fascinating to people who live in the real world of hypocrisy, darkness, frequent wars and constant bloodshed. The author's simple brushwork appropriately expresses the breath of the Peach Blossom Garden, which makes the article more appealing. Of course, this ideal state did not exist in the reality at that time, but the author artistically showed the style of Datong society through his conception of Datong society, which was a spiritual sustenance of dissatisfaction with the dark reality.

Most of the families in Taohuayuan are mainly cadres (it runs within the family). Among them, men and women dress like strangers. My hair is drooping and I am happy. " This can be seen from the words "men and women", "yellow hair" and "crying".

The structure of the article is also quite ingenious. The author borrows the novel style and unfolds the story with a fisherman's experience as a clue. The account at the beginning, the time and the fisherman's native place are all written with confidence, as if they were true. This shortens the psychological distance between readers and works, and introduces readers from the real world to the dreamland of peach blossoms. On the contrary, if the beginning is "part of the intangible world", readers will feel far away and the appeal of the work will be greatly reduced. The Absence of Human Nature of Outsiders and the fisherman's return and lost direction to what he wants have brought readers back to the real world from this hazy and wandering world, and their hearts are still full of attachment to it. At the end of the article, the rules of Nanyang Liu Ziji failed, which made the whole article more interesting.

Loushiming

Theme, conception and theme of the work

Starting from the theme, Humble Room Ming expresses the humble room by describing the life interests of people who communicate in the humble room. The Book of Humble Rooms shows the author's life attitude of not colluding with the secular, leading an honest and clean life and not seeking fame and fortune. It expresses the author's noble and proud moral integrity and reveals the author's poverty and happiness. "Ming" is an ancient word engraved on an object, which is used to warn yourself or state achievements. It's called Ming.

Viewed from the conception, Humble Room Inscription expresses its ambition by way of contrast. On the other hand, he never mentioned the ugliness of the humble room, but only wrote the ugly side of the humble room, which was due to virtue and fragrance, thus naturally achieving the purpose of expressing his feelings.

The full text of 8 1 word can be said to be poor in writing and revealing. The opening words 16 set the tone for the full text. "The mountain is not high, there is a fairy by this name. The water is not deep, and the dragon has spirit. " On the surface, "fairy" and "dragon" add color to the landscape, but in fact they are the masters of my humble abode. The Master of the Humble Room lives in a humble room, but his spiritual thoughts are so rich: The Scholars, The Book of Jin and Su Qin not only describe the ugliness appreciation pursued by the Master of the Humble Room from the aspects of making friends, learning and enjoying, but also the richness of the words Hong, Jin and Su, which are also out of touch with ugliness appreciation. As he himself said, "I am a humble room, but I am virtuous." He described his noble thoughts and morals with fragrant fragrance, highlighting that the owner of a humble room is not pursuing fame and fortune (getting something for nothing) or wealth (making no fuss), but a clean heart, elegant taste and virtue. The author compares The Humble Room to Zhuge Lu and Ziyunge. We say this is not too much, and it also highlights the master's heart of "being poor and enjoying the Tao", so we say, "What is humble?"

By praising the humble room, this inscription expresses the author's life interest of keeping noble moral integrity, not seeking Wen Da, and being poor and happy.

From this article, we can see that the author pursues elegance and spirit, which makes people feel that the humble room is not simple, that is, the words that directly describe the humble room are "moss marks on the top, grass is green in the curtain", which also makes people feel a little "simple" and gives people more of a hut covered by lush grass, full of vitality. This is really a humble room.

Presentation and writing skills

The author quoted He Lou's intention of "humble room is not humble" and "being honest only", which dominated the whole article.

In terms of expression, Humble Room Inscription integrates description, lyricism and discussion. By describing the elegant environment of the "humble room" and the elegant demeanor of the master, I express my noble and quiet feelings.

The writing techniques of Humble Room Inscription are complicated, including comparison, sketch, suggestion, allusions, metonymy analogy and so on. Only 8 1 word. Moreover, it has a strong sense of rhythm, and it reads naturally and smoothly. The songs are lingering and memorable.

Judging from the sentence pattern, Humble Room Ming is mainly parallel prose, with neat sentence pattern, clear rhythm and harmonious phonology, giving people a visual aesthetic feeling. However, the sentence "What is humble?" The inscription in my humble room is also a loose sentence. Therefore, in the sentence structure, "Humble Room Ming" is a combination of parallel prose, which makes the article have a bright rhythm, patchwork language, cadence, harmonious and pleasant feeling to read, and gives people the aesthetic feeling of music. At the same time, the article is mainly composed of five words, with four words and six words in the middle, so the sentence patterns are uneven and the article rhymes to the end.

Judging from the clues, the concept of "only I am fragrant" runs through the whole paper: at the beginning, it leads to "only I am fragrant", then it expresses "only I am fragrant" from the aspects of room environment, communication and daily life, and finally sets off "only I am fragrant" with "Zhuge Lu" and "Zi". This is the author's subjective feeling.

With the help of humble reasoning, the article expresses the noble character of the author with lyrical style. He sees reason in everything and shows emotion in the scene. It can be said that "love is born of scenery, and scenery is born of love." In this way, the author's leisure and the beautiful scenery of the room are written implicitly and vividly.

This article skillfully uses allusions. Take Zhuge Lu and Ziyun Pavilion for example, and quote Confucius: "What's wrong?" Explain that the humble room is not humble, thus enhancing the credibility and persuasiveness of the article's reasoning.

In short, the author does not flaunt himself as a "gentleman" in the article, but respects morality and studies law as a gentleman, showing a detached and optimistic attitude towards life setbacks and career bumps. Only in this way, we regard it as a lyric poem praising the humble room to show its owner's indifferent and elegant life interest, rather than an essay explaining that the humble room is not humble.

Appreciate sentence by sentence

According to the content of the article, this article can be divided into three parts:

I. (1-3 sentences):

Starting with the mountains and rivers, The Humble Room Inscription leads to the topic, which not only appears extraordinary, but also lays the foundation for the praise of humble room in the future. The mountain may not be high or low, and the water may not be deep. As long as there is a dragon, you can be famous. Therefore, although you live in a humble place, you are "fragrant" because of your master's virtue. In other words, of course, the humble room can be famous because of the existence of people with high moral quality, and its reputation can be spread far and wide, and a stone can be carved to commemorate it. Ordinary landscapes give birth to dragons, and humble rooms can of course spread incense through people with high moral quality. This skill of using force is really wonderful, and it can also be described as the author's original creation. In particular, the fairy dragon is the crowning touch of the landscape, and the conception is wonderful. "I am a humble room, but I am virtuous and fragrant", which begins with a fairy tale of mountains and rivers. The author turned his pen and went straight to the subject, which seemed abrupt, but when I looked back, it was seamless, because the comparative sentence above just paved the way for the introduction of this sentence.

From this point of view, the author wrote this essay after repeated thinking, not on impulse. A quatrain can be an epiphany, but the seamless connection is the accumulation and repeated deliberation of usual skills.

Second, (4-7 sentences):

These words describe the simple environment and colorful daily life. "The moss on the stage is green, and the curtain grass is green. There is no Ding Bai who laughs and has a university. You can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian. There is no confusion of bamboo and bamboo, and the case has nothing to do. " It is the author's summary of the life of people with high moral quality. After the author's interest was clarified in the previous words, the reader's thoughts also entered a good situation. At this time, readers are more likely to accept the author's ideas. He hints at the author's quiet mind with the elegant color of green on the moss mark, and points out the eternal and vibrant life state in silence with the vitality of cyan, using metonymy rhetoric. Make friends, know friends, are noble people, study classics on the piano, and live a leisurely life. Away from noisy music and depressing official duties, such a leisurely life is really enviable. This kind of life style, which is both like a hermit and a secular life, is envied by nobles and yearned for by ordinary people. Through these descriptions, we can see a picture of a fairy's life and express the elegant life interest of the humble owner.

Note: the sixth sentence is a positive description, indicating that the author is calm and calm; The seventh sentence is a negative description, which shows the author's rejection of secular life.

"Nanyang Zhuge Lu, West Shu Zi Ting Yun". The author compares Zhuge Liang's thatched cottage in Nanyang with the Xuanting in Yang Zi Yun of Xishu, which leads to his humble abode and the meaning that Zhuge Liang and Yang Xiong are his companions. It also shows that the author regards these two as his role models and hopes that he can have noble moral conduct like them, which embodies his thought of taking the ancient sages as his own responsibility, and also implies that burrow is not humble. In fact, there is another meaning in Liu Yuxi's writing, that is, Zhuge Liang is waiting for the sage to come out in the hut in the middle of the country. What about Yang Xiong? But he is a scholar with fame and fortune and devoted himself to reading. Although he is a top official, his indifference to the ups and downs of official positions and money is a model for future generations. Liu Yuxi quoted the meaning of these two people. What he wants to express is: don't be chaotic in times of crisis, don't be afraid in times of crisis, stick to moral integrity, and don't be surprised by honor or disgrace. I don't want to go with the flow, but I want to show my ambition when I meet the wise Lord of SHEN WOO. If I don't have a wise Lord, I would like to be plain. This combination with the ups and downs of Liu Yuxi's officialdom is more in line with the actual situation.

(8-9 sentences):

The last sentence quoted "Confucius: What's wrong?" Quote the words of the ancients, wrap up the whole article, and explain that the humble room is "not ugly" Expressed his pursuit of the highest moral quality of feudal ethics at that time. Perhaps Liu Yuxi's highest requirement for his moral quality is to use the ethical norms affirmed by saints and demand himself. This conclusion, no matter what the content means, combined with the meaning of the question, is ingenious. Because feudal ethics takes Confucian moral standards as the highest moral standards, the affirmation of Confucius saints also gives the best conclusion for his moral quality theory. The thesis should have arguments, and quoting Confucius' sacred words as arguments is undoubtedly the best argument at that time, which is sufficient and irrefutable.

It can be said that the theme of this essay is to express the noble sentiment of the author who is indifferent to things through the description and praise of the humble room, and to reflect his noble character of not colluding with the powerful [1].

Ailian said.

Topic explanation and article appreciation

"Shuo", an ancient style, usually uses something to explain the truth and can be recorded and discussed, which is equivalent to modern essays.

Appreciation of Shuowen is one of the styles of ancient argumentative writing, which often expresses one's will by depicting things. Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus" is a rare masterpiece in this style.

Lotus was once the object of admiration by literati in the past dynasties, but most literati were amazed at its beautiful posture and plain appearance and shaped it into a pen; However, this excellent essay has a unique way. Through the description of the image and quality of the lotus flower, it praises the faithful character of the lotus flower, and also shows the author's noble personality and generous mind.

From the content point of view, this paper can be clearly divided into two parts: the first part tries to describe the image of hibiscus noble; The second part reveals the metaphorical meaning of the lotus, comments on three flowers and expresses the author's deep sigh for the lotus itself.

In the first part of the article, I wrote that the beauty of lotus lies in its "net" character. First of all, "Out of the mud but not stained, clear but not demon" wrote the valuable spirit of lotus in the mud, but spotless, not following the secular, self-love naive and natural; Secondly, "the outside is straight and the inside is connected, not loose", which shows its noble qualities of being connected inside and outside, being straight and inward, being consistent in appearance and inside, and not being involved in clinging; Once again, "You can watch from a distance, don't play with it", and write that Lotus is like an arrogant gentleman, and will never be lightly played by Shu Ren.

Everything mentioned above is actually a portrayal of the author's personality and a self-evident mind, which can be proved from the second part of the article. As the author said, "Who gave the lotus love?" The subtext is that there are too few people with pure lotus flowers like him.

From the writing point of view, "Ailian Shuo" and "Shuo" have a common feature, that is, they express their will by holding things. Starting with "getting out of the mud without staining", the article depicts the bearing and style of lotus flowers with strong colors, which places the author's affirmation and pursuit of ideal personality, and also reflects the author's contempt for the secular mentality of pursuing wealth and fame and his pursuit of a clean and honest life. At the same time, the article also uses the method of comparison and contrast, and compares the beauty of lotus with chrysanthemum and peony several times in the article; It also compares the seclusion of chrysanthemum, the wealth of peony and the nobleness of lotus, so that one of the themes of "Love Lotus" can be deepened, without empty preaching, but through the comparison of three images, it plays a role in highlighting the center and deepening the artistic conception, and the technique can be described as extremely ingenious. Moreover, the word "love" runs through the whole article, which makes the article structure rigorous. At the end of the article, the author laments that there are few real hermits, few noble gentlemen and many vulgar people who are greedy for money, which is intriguing and thought-provoking.

This poem is also very distinctive in language, that is, it is beautiful and concise, and it is indeed as beautiful as a lotus flower-"don't ramble" and there is no unnecessary useless language.

Its key point is "emerge from the mud without staining, clear without demonizing", which is the central theme of the full text.

The ancients generally used things to express their feelings. The same sentence has two meanings, one is metaphor and the other is expression. Similarly, there is a second meaning to express your feelings, that is, "get out of the mud without being stained;" Lotus, not demon. " Metaphorically, the author himself has the noble character of "emerging from mud without dyeing, purifying lotus without demon". In fact, what he means is that officialdom is dark, so it is as difficult for you to maintain a noble character in officialdom as it is for a lotus to emerge from the mud without being defiled. This is also a summary of his experience as an official, because he doesn't want to go along with it. And "Zhuo Qing Lian has no demon" is just a good wish of the author. Walking by the river often, how can you not wet your shoes? Therefore, it is commendable to be able to stand alone in a hundred flowers. This is also the author's sigh, because he can't be immune to the big environment, except to escape and stay away. Or, like him, guard one of his festivals conscientiously.

Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus" begins with "the flowers of land and water vegetation are very sweet". The opening part is profound and atmospheric, which not only points out that the lotus in Ailian is also a flower of land and water, but also points out that the lotus is lovely, and it is just one of the "extraordinary" people. This laid a logical foreshadowing for his "single love lotus" below. So, the pen is extraordinary and eye-catching. Next, Zhou Dunyi did not entangle in Fan Fan, but simply narrowed down the scene. The sentence "Tao Jin loves chrysanthemums" makes this question more clear. Tao Yuanming can express his feelings by loving chrysanthemums. How can I not love Lotus alone?

The next sentence, "Since Li Tang came, the world loves peonies very much", which seems to be repetitive, but actually deepens the meaning. Moreover, this sentence makes the sense of contrast stronger, and it also paves the way for him to seek the nobility of lotus. Zhou Dunyi's love for lotus flowers is different from Tao Jin Yuanming's love for chrysanthemums. In order to keep a noble and pure life, he would rather die in Nanshan. He wants to be a gentleman in the world. This mentality of staying innocent in a dirty world and seeking truth alone is essentially different from the herd mentality that everyone envies wealth (peony). This paves the way for Ailian's theory of "getting out of the mud without being stained".

In the next sentence, Zhou Dunyi directly got to the point, "Love lotus is not touching, clear lotus is not evil, direct communication with the outside world is not creeping, fragrance is far and clear, and plants are elegant, but you don't play from a distance." Writing the language of lotus, expressing Yu Lian's love for lotus, can be described as one go, which seems to be an intuitive description of lotus, but in fact, every word is the best. The exquisiteness of this pen is amazing. It can be said that the whole reader has no chance to breathe. The language is extraordinary, but the aftertaste is meaningful and long, and the more delicious it is, the more delicious it is.

At the end of the article, Zhou Dunyi first takes flowers as a metaphor, and makes the characteristics of flowers compare with people. Although dull, the metaphor is to the point, which makes people have a different taste. "To call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers also; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. " This plain sentence is followed by "Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone; Since Li Tang came, people all over the world love peony. Love the lotus alone ... "It is seamless, leaving no trace. More importantly, the metaphor of flowers vividly describes Tao Yuanming's isolation and pursuit of a prosperous life, without a word of direct accusation.

Through this comparison, Zhou Dunyi compared himself to a gentleman. It is better to avoid the world than to be a gentleman. From this perspective, Zhou Dunyi is somewhat narcissistic. However, Zhou Dunyi also had some self-knowledge, and then he sighed deeply, "The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is unknown after pottery;" Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages. "Yes, the world of mortals is rolling, and how many people can avoid the world for a reason? There was Tao Yuanming in Jin, but I haven't heard of anyone who can do it now. Or, like me, how many people in the world can stay together in a pure and gentlemanly manner like me? Most people just follow the crowd in the world of mortals. It can be seen from this that Zhou Dunyi is arrogant, and his mentality of seeking purity without conformity is commendable in the secular world. He lamented that it was because the world was getting worse and worse, and most people were defiled by it.

It expresses the author's attitude towards life without seeking fame and fortune, and also expresses the author's contempt for pursuing fame and fortune and going with the flow. Eulogize the gentleman's virtue of "getting out of the mud without staining, lingering without demon" and express the author's noble sentiment of not going with the flow.

This article is elegant and refined, concise, catchy and rhyming. It is really a rare short story in ancient Chinese. Moreover, it has a double interpretation, heavy content and far-reaching artistic conception. In addition, its writing is similar to that of the vernacular, which is easy to read and understand, so it has become a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation. When enjoying this article, if you can be moved by the chronicle in the article, this is the best income from reading this article.

I think you can find the name of that article directly in Baidu Encyclopedia, and even the after-school exercises of other ordinary texts.