Is Guizhou an acid rain area?

Acidic substances in the sky can also be transported through the atmosphere or form acid fog, which is driven by the wind to drift hundreds or even thousands of kilometers away and become local acid rain. For example, Zhoushan Islands and South China Sea Islands have few residents and underdeveloped economies, but they are still in acid rain areas, that is, acidic substances are blown from the southeast coastal provinces of China. For another example, Wudu area in the southeast of Gansu Province in China is economically underdeveloped and is also in an acid rain area. Acidic substances in the local atmosphere are blown from Sichuan Basin. There are similar situations in Hanzhong basin and Shangluo area in southern Shaanxi. Fortunately, the high Qinling Mountains blocked the acid fog in the south, forming a natural barrier between acid rain areas and non-acid rain areas in southern Shaanxi.

Will the precursor of acid rain in China be transported to neighboring South Korea and Japan in a long distance?

Sandstorms often occur in northern China in spring, which are formed in desert areas of southwest Siberia, Mongolia and northwest China. Under the weather system that cold and high pressure control the East Asian continent, the wind speed is very high, and the height from the ground to two or three kilometers has increased, but the wind direction is basically the same, that is, the main wind direction keeps northwest wind, there is no shear, the weather is dry and there is no wet settlement, which is conducive to the long-distance transportation of yellow sand. Therefore, it is not surprising that South Korea, Japan and even the Hawaiian Islands of the United States, thousands of kilometers away from Chinese mainland, have also observed yellow sand from North Asia. But this does not mean that the transportation of acid rain precursors is exactly the same as that of yellow sand, that is, seeing yellow sand from the Asian continent is equivalent to seeing acidic pollutants from the same place.

Acid rain is the wet deposition of acid pollutants, and its transport process is mainly related to the weather system of precipitation, which is very different from the weather system of sandstorm in spring. There are three sources of water vapor in precipitation in China: one is the southwest warm and humid airflow; Second, from the southeast sea; Third, humid air comes from the ground near it. Clouds and precipitation are mainly formed by warm and humid air with low specific gravity rising to high altitude to cool down. This relative movement of cold air and warm and humid air produces wind shear, which greatly changes the wind direction and speed. In Huangmei season in the south of the Yangtze River, the rain is continuous, the ground is northerly, and the sky formed by clouds and rain is southerly. Therefore, this wind shear makes it difficult for acid pollutants at high altitude to migrate to far places.

The acid rain in China belongs to sulfuric acid type, and the content of sulfate in the national rain samples is much higher than that of nitrate. This is because the fuel in China is mainly coal, and the main precursors of acid rain are sulfur dioxide and its secondary pollutants. The acid rain in Japan is nitric acid type, which is related to Japan being a big oil user. If China's acid pollutants (mainly sulfur dioxide) contribute more to Japan's acid rain after long-distance transportation than itself, then Japan's acid rain should also be changed to sulfuric acid, which is not the case. At present, it is generally believed that the amount of acid rain precursors transported to neighboring countries such as South Korea and Japan is limited, especially after long-distance and accompanying wet deposition and precipitation at sea, which will not be the main responsible person for the formation of acid rain in these countries.

Where does the acid rain from Lushan, Huangshan, Hengshan and Emei Mountain come from?

Lushan Mountain, Huangshan Mountain, Hengshan Mountain and Emei Mountain are all scenic spots. There are no major pollution sources within a hundred miles of Fiona Fang, but a mountain about 2000 meters high also collects acid rain and acid fog, and some of them are still very sour. We can see that there are indeed strong pollution sources within hundreds of kilometers where they are located. For example, there is Nanchang Industrial Zone near Lushan Mountain; There are Nanjing and Jingdezhen industrial zones near Huangshan Mountain. There is Xiangzhong Industrial Zone near Hengshan Mountain; There is a plain industrial zone in central Sichuan near Emei Mountain. This can be explained by the fact that the acidic pollutants discharged from industrial areas have a medium distance transportation in high altitude areas, that is, the formation of acid rain is related to transportation. In order to prove this point, aerial surveys have been carried out in Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Shanghai and other places in recent years, and it is true that the cloud water is strongly acidic above1500 m. Through the transmission of mesoscale distance, its influence range can reach within hundreds of kilometers.

Do acid rain in Sichuan and Guizhou affect each other?

Sichuan Basin is the hardest hit area of acid rain in China. The adjacent Guizhou Basin is another acid rain area in China. Is there any influence between them? Through research, the center of high ground concentration of sulfur dioxide basically coincides with the strong pollution source area; The low value area of precipitation pH value is basically consistent with the high value area of sulfur dioxide concentration. This shows that the formation of acid rain in Sichuan and Guizhou is basically independent of each other, and the high-altitude transportation process of pollutants should be within the provincial scale.

Migration of acid pollutants in Guangdong and Guangxi

The geographical conditions of Guangdong and Guangxi are different from those of Sichuan and Guizhou basins. The research results of scientists show that the formation and transportation of acid rain in Guangdong and Guangxi are stronger than those in Sichuan and Guizhou. However, the impact distance is only about 200 kilometers, and the pollutants that form acid rain are mainly provided by local pollution sources in Guangdong and Guangxi. It used to be thought that the formation of acid rain in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province came from Jiangxi and Hunan, neighboring provinces in the north, and then the industries far away from the north were studied.