Common knowledge of desktop computer maintenance

1. How to maintain the newly bought desktop computer?

Basic knowledge of computer maintenance How to maintain and maintain a computer and maximize its service life is a topic that everyone is very concerned about.

Daily maintenance can not be relaxed, and the impact of the environment on the life of the computer can not be ignored. The ideal working temperature of a computer is 10℃-30℃. Too high or too low will affect the life of computer parts.

Its relative humidity is 30%-80%, too high will affect the performance of CPU, graphics card and other accessories, and even cause some accessories to short circuit; Too low is easy to generate static electricity, which is not conducive to the use of accessories. In addition, the dust content in the air has a great influence on computers.

If there is too much dust, it will corrode the circuit boards of various accessories and chips for a long time; If the content is too small, electrostatic reaction will occur. Therefore, it is best to keep the computer room clean and tidy.

Some people think that using computers less or for a short time can prolong the life of computers, which is a one-sided and vague view; On the contrary, if the computer is not used for a long time, the computer accessories will be damaged due to moisture, dust, sweat stains and other reasons. Of course, if the weather is humid to a certain extent, such as: there is moisture on the surface of the monitor or chassis, don't start the machine without drying at this time, so as to avoid unnecessary losses such as short circuit.

Good personal habits also have a great influence on computers. Therefore, please perform the startup and shutdown procedures correctly.

The boot sequence is as follows: 1. External devices (such as printers, scanners, UPS power supplies, modems, etc.). ), if the monitor power supply is not connected to the host, turn on the monitor power supply first, and then turn on the host; The shutdown sequence is reversed: turn off the host first, and then turn off the peripherals. The reason is to minimize the damage to the host.

Because when the host is powered on, it will produce a strong impact current to the host at the moment when the peripheral is turned off. After a period of time, you can't switch it frequently, because it will have a great impact on all accessories, especially on the hard disk.

Generally, the time between shutdown and next startup should be at least 10 second. Special note: You should avoid turning off the computer when it is working.

For example, when the computer suddenly shuts down when reading and writing data, it is likely to damage the drive (hard disk, floppy disk, etc.). ); You can't move the machine when it is working normally. When shutting down, you should pay attention to exit the Windows operating system, close all programs, and then exit in the normal shutdown order, otherwise the application may be damaged.

Of course, even when the machine is not working, try to avoid moving the computer, because excessive vibration will damage the hard disk, motherboard and other accessories. Just like we have to wash our faces and brush our teeth every day, the computer needs your concern for her every day. General computer maintenance has the following points: 1. Keep the computer room dry and clean, especially the computer workbench should be dusted every day (or two or three days, depending on the cleanliness of the room).

You know, the monitor is a powerful "vacuum cleaner". I have encountered an accident in which the circuit board was short-circuited and caught fire due to the bad environment, thick dust inside the display and tidal turnover, which damaged the display.

2. Correct startup (first peripheral, then host) and shutdown. In fact, this should not be regarded as the content of maintenance, but many users always disagree, and even mistakenly think that the current computer even has a "soft shutdown", which is also a "cliche."

But this is absolutely necessary: if the order of "external setting first, then host" is reversed, it may make the system unable to identify related hardware or load device drivers. 3. Before using CD or floppy disk, be sure to kill virus first; Check the virus again after installation or use, because some antivirus software can't compress the virus in the file.

4. If the system exits abnormally or loses power unexpectedly, scan the hard disk as soon as possible and fix the error in time. Because of this, some cluster links of the hard disk will be lost, which will cause potential danger to the system. If it is not repaired in time, some programs will be disordered and even endanger the stable operation of the system. Remember to clean it once a year. In order to make the computer work normally for a long time, it is necessary for users to learn to open the chassis for computer maintenance. Of course, if you are not sure, it will be contracted to a professional and cleaned once a year. For some brands of machines, it is forbidden to unpack the case at will in the instruction manual, so don't open the case. Otherwise, there is no warranty. Hardware maintenance is required. It is impossible for ordinary users to have professional tools. We can do it easily with the following tools: cross screwdriver, lens wiper, balloon blowing (leather tiger), paper clip and a small desk fan.

1. Cut off the power supply, unplug the connection between the host and peripherals, open the chassis with a Phillips screwdriver, and take out the power box. You will see dust on the board. Blow carefully with balloons or leather tigers, especially near the accessories such as the air inlet and power box (air outlet) of the panel, and the plug-in part of the board. At the same time, a desk fan is used to blow air to take away the dust on the inner wall of the chassis of the dust box blown up by the balloon.

2. Remove the power supply. The exhaust of the computer mainly depends on the power fan, so the dust in the power box is the most. Clean it carefully with blowing balloons and then install it. In addition, we should pay attention to whether the blades of electric fans are deformed, especially after the high temperature in summer, the aging of plastics often makes the noise bigger, which is probably the reason.

3. Unfold the paper clip and insert it into the emergency eject hole on the front panel of the CD-ROM drive. With a slight force, the CD-ROM tray will open. Wipe everything gently with lens test paper. Be careful not to enter the CD-ROM drive or use the "cleaning disk" on the CD-ROM drive for cleaning.

4. Blow the balloon to remove the dust from the floppy drive. 5. If you want to remove the board, pay attention to whether the position is accurate, whether the slot is firmly inserted and whether the connection is correct.

6. Wipe the monitor with lens test paper. 7. Disassemble the back cover of the mouse, take out the ball, wash it with clear water and dry it.

8. Blow balloons to clean up the dust between keyboard keys. References:

Now the times are chaotic, and computers are not easy to maintain.

Want your computer to work properly? 26 maintenance tips:.

2. How to maintain the desktop computer?

Daily maintenance can not be relaxed, and the impact of the environment on the life of the computer can not be ignored.

The ideal working temperature of a computer is 10℃-30℃. Too high or too low will affect the life of computer parts. Its relative humidity is 30%-80%, too high will affect the performance of CPU, graphics card and other accessories, and even cause some accessories to short circuit; Too low is easy to generate static electricity, which is not conducive to the use of accessories.

In addition, the dust content in the air has a great influence on computers. If there is too much dust, it will corrode the circuit boards of various accessories and chips for a long time; If the content is too small, electrostatic reaction will occur.

Therefore, it is best to keep the computer room clean and tidy. Some people think that using computers less or for a short time can prolong the life of computers, which is a one-sided and vague view; On the contrary, if the computer is not used for a long time, the computer accessories will be damaged due to moisture, dust, sweat stains and other reasons.

Of course, if the weather is humid to a certain extent, such as: there is moisture on the surface of the monitor or chassis, don't start the machine without drying at this time, so as to avoid unnecessary losses such as short circuit. Good personal habits also have a great influence on computers.

Therefore, please perform the startup and shutdown procedures correctly. The boot sequence is as follows: 1. External devices (such as printers, scanners, UPS power supplies, modems, etc.). ), if the monitor power supply is not connected to the host, turn on the monitor power supply first, and then turn on the host; The shutdown sequence is reversed: turn off the host first, and then turn off the peripherals.

The reason is to minimize the damage to the host. Because when the host is powered on, it will produce a strong impact current to the host at the moment when the peripheral is turned off.

After a period of time, you can't switch it frequently, because it will have a great impact on all accessories, especially on the hard disk. Generally, the time between shutdown and next startup should be at least 10 second.

Special note: You should avoid turning off the computer when it is working. For example, when the computer suddenly shuts down when reading and writing data, it is likely to damage the drive (hard disk, floppy disk, etc.). ); You can't move the machine when it is working normally.

When shutting down, you should pay attention to exit the Windows operating system, close all programs, and then exit in the normal shutdown order, otherwise the application may be damaged. Of course, even when the machine is not working, try to avoid moving the computer, because excessive vibration will damage the hard disk, motherboard and other accessories.

Just like we have to wash our faces and brush our teeth every day, the computer needs your concern for her every day. General computer maintenance has the following points: 1. Keep the computer room dry and clean, especially the computer workbench should be dusted every day (or two or three days, depending on the cleanliness of the room). You know, the monitor is a powerful "vacuum cleaner".

I have encountered an accident in which the circuit board was short-circuited and caught fire due to the bad environment, thick dust inside the display and tidal turnover, which damaged the display. 2. Correct startup (first peripheral, then host) and shutdown.

In fact, this should not be regarded as the content of maintenance, but many users always disagree, and even mistakenly think that the current computer even has a "soft shutdown", which is also a "cliche." But this is absolutely necessary: if the order of "external setting first, then host" is reversed, it may make the system unable to identify related hardware or load device drivers.

3. Before using CD or floppy disk, be sure to kill virus first; Check the virus again after installation or use, because some antivirus software can't compress the virus in the file. 4. If the system exits abnormally or loses power unexpectedly, scan the hard disk as soon as possible and fix the error in time.

Because of this, some cluster links of the hard disk will be lost, which will cause potential danger to the system. If it is not repaired in time, some programs will be disordered and even endanger the stable operation of the system. Remember to clean it once a year. In order to make the computer work normally for a long time, it is necessary for users to learn to open the chassis for computer maintenance. Of course, if you are not sure, it will be contracted to a professional and cleaned once a year. For some brands of machines, it is forbidden to unpack the case at will in the instruction manual, so don't open the case. Otherwise, there is no warranty. Hardware maintenance is required. It is impossible for ordinary users to have professional tools. We can do it easily with the following tools: cross screwdriver, lens wiper, balloon blowing (leather tiger), paper clip and a small desk fan. 1. Cut off the power supply, unplug the connection between the host and peripherals, open the chassis with a Phillips screwdriver, and take out the power box.

You will see dust on the board. Blow carefully with balloons or leather tigers, especially near the accessories such as the air inlet and power box (air outlet) of the panel, and the plug-in part of the board. At the same time, a desk fan is used to blow air to take away the dust on the inner wall of the chassis of the dust box blown up by the balloon. 2. Remove the power supply. The exhaust of the computer mainly depends on the power fan, so the dust in the power box is the most. Clean it carefully with blowing balloons and then install it.

In addition, we should pay attention to whether the blades of electric fans are deformed, especially after the high temperature in summer, the aging of plastics often makes the noise bigger, which is probably the reason. 3. Unfold the paper clip and insert it into the emergency eject hole on the front panel of the CD-ROM drive. With a slight force, the CD-ROM tray will open.

Wipe everything gently with lens test paper. Be careful not to enter the CD-ROM drive or use the "cleaning disk" on the CD-ROM drive for cleaning. 4. Blow the balloon to remove the dust from the floppy drive.

5. If you want to remove the board, pay attention to whether the position is accurate, whether the slot is firmly inserted and whether the connection is correct. 6. Wipe the monitor with lens test paper.

7. Disassemble the back cover of the mouse, take out the ball, wash it with clear water and dry it. 8. Blow balloons to clean up the dust between keyboard keys.

3. Computer maintenance knowledge

Monitor is the product that has the closest relationship with users in computer equipment, especially in this highly information-based society, many people may have to work on the monitor all day. Think about it, if you face a dirty and sparse monitor every day, will you still feel comfortable? In order to protect the environment and your health, you must pay attention to daily maintenance and cleaning when you buy the monitor home. If it is not properly cleaned and maintained, it is easy to shorten the service life of the monitor, affect its reliability and even cause various failures. The following author explains the most common cleaning and maintenance skills of CRT monitors for everyone.

First of all, clean

Step 1: Turn off the power.

When cleaning the dust on the monitor screen at ordinary times, remember to turn off the power of the monitor and unplug the power and signal wires of the monitor.

Step 2: Clean the mirror.

Wipe the paper, dry paper, dry flannel or wet flannel with a little water with a special mirror, and carefully wipe it from the center of the screen. Do not use alcohol and other chemical solutions to wipe the display screen, do not use rough cloth, paper and other items to wipe the display screen, and do not spray liquid directly on the screen to avoid water vapor invading the display screen.

Step 3: Clean the shell.

First, carefully wipe off the dust on the display cabinet with a brush or a small vacuum cleaner. If there is still some dirt that is not easy to wipe off, you can wipe it with a dry flannel, or use a dry flannel to get a little wet. Everyone must be very careful when cleaning the control buttons or knobs on the display panel.

Second, maintenance

Although the monitor needs to be cleaned regularly, it is particularly important to maintain it correctly every day. Not only can it reduce a lot of unnecessary troubles for cleaning the display in the future, in other words, it can also improve the service life of the display. The following are the maintenance points listed by the author:

1. To do a good job of cleaning the monitor, daily dust prevention work should also be done at home. First of all, the monitor should be used in a clean environment, but dust is everywhere. It is recommended to buy a special dust cover for the monitor and cover it in time after using the computer. This can prevent dust from being attracted by static electricity and running into the display to the maximum extent, causing abnormal circuit action and affecting service life.

2.2 glass surface. CRT display looks like a solid black glass, but in fact, the manufacturer will add a special coating on this glass. The main function of this special coating is to prevent users from being reflected and dazzled by other light sources when using, and at the same time enhance the color contrast effect of the display itself. But because the coating materials used by different manufacturers are different, of course, its durability will be different. Therefore, when cleaning, users should never wipe the glass surface with any alkaline solution or chemical solution at will. If a chemical cleaner is used for wiping, the coating may fall off or the mirror surface may be worn. In daily use, users should never touch the glass surface with their fingers at will, so as to avoid sweat and dust on the display and bring trouble to the cleaning work in the future.

Don't scribble on the mirror with an oily or water-based pen. Although water-based marks are easy to erase, after a period of time, ink may also cause the surface coating to fall off.

4. Avoid sticking adhesive tape or various stickers on the mirror or shell of the monitor, so as to avoid glue or adhesive tape remaining in the shell, which is difficult to clean in the future.

5. Avoid liquid dripping into the monitor, otherwise it will cause short circuit.

6. The monitor is made of glass, and the mirror surface is easy to scratch. Hard objects, especially metal objects, such as buttons, watch belts and belt buckles should be avoided.

7. Because there is high voltage inside the monitor (after power failure, the high-voltage bag inside the monitor may still have extra power), if you want to remove the dust inside the monitor, you must ask professionals to operate it, and you can't disassemble the monitor shell without permission, so as not to cause serious consequences of high-voltage electric shock.

8. Be careful not to accumulate sundries on the monitor. On the one hand, it may affect the normal heat dissipation of the display; On the other hand, it can prevent sundries from falling and damaging machines or people.

9. Due to improper packaging during handling, CRT monitors are prone to neck fracture. When handling, the mirror surface should be wrapped (covered) with a soft object, such as sponge or thick cotton cloth.

4. How to maintain the desktop computer?

In fact, computer maintenance is just like using a car, so we should pay great attention to it.

Compared with cars, computers are more fragile. The weather in summer is humid and sultry, so the use and maintenance are more noteworthy.

First, the environment in which computers are used should not be too humid. Wet environment is easy to cause poor contact between computer boards due to oxidation.

Or there is the possibility of leakage, resulting in a short circuit. Second, develop the good habit of turning off the power after turning off the computer. Because there are many thunderstorms in summer, you need to pay attention to unplugging the telephone line on ADSL and the network cable on the network card after use.

Prevent lightning strikes. Third, the environment in which computers are used should not be overheated.

In an overheated environment, computers are more likely to cause poor heat dissipation of the host, leading to a crash. Especially now, the calorific value of computers is so high.

Fourth, if you don't use the computer for a long time in summer, you'd better turn it on frequently to dispel the moisture. This is the same as TV.

Television is not used for a long time, which is easy to absorb moisture and harmful. The same is true of computers.

Five, it is not advisable to switch frequently in a short period of time. This is to be avoided no matter what season.

The instantaneous current of switching on and off is the easiest to damage computer components. Please refer to the computer maintenance strategy for the maintenance of desktop computer software and hardware: /weihu007.

5. Computer maintenance skills

Common sense of computer use and maintenance

1. The computer should be kept in a clean room. Dust will have an adverse effect on almost all computer accessories, thus shortening their service life or affecting their performance.

2. The computer should be placed in a spacious space, with heat dissipation space around it, and should not be mixed with other sundries.

There is no magnetic field around the computer. Magnetic field will have a serious impact on displays, disks, etc. Try not to put the speaker near the monitor, and don't put the disk on the speaker.

4. Don't put a teacup on the computer desk, let alone on the host, monitor and keyboard. Once the water is spilled, the consequences will be very serious.

5. Don't move the main chassis or vibrate when the computer is working, which is very dangerous to the hard disk.

6. Hard disk reading can't suddenly shut down or power off. If the voltage is unstable or there are frequent power outages, you can buy UPS to deal with it.

7. In the case of dry environment, beware of the influence of static electricity on computer accessories. If you need to contact the circuit board directly at this time, please discharge yourself (such as touching the water pipe by hand) or take other insulation measures (such as wearing grounding gloves).

8. Don't plug and unplug all kinds of accessories or interfaces (except devices that support hot plug) in the boot state, otherwise it may cause serious consequences of burning related chips or circuit boards.

9. Regularly clean the power supply, CD-ROM drive, floppy drive, inside the chassis, monitor, keyboard and mouse. If it is not convenient for you to handle it yourself, you can ask a professional to complete it. But you should know that there is a high-voltage circuit in the monitor, so don't make a move.

10. Don't wipe the monitor screen with alcohol or washing powder. Clear water can be used when necessary, but it must be adsorbed on paper towels or rags and is not allowed to flow into any accessories.

1 1. Don't switch the machine on and off frequently, but switch it on and off every once in a while.

12. Electrical conductors such as screws cannot be mixed in the chassis, otherwise it will easily lead to short circuit of all boards in the chassis, resulting in serious consequences.

13. All kinds of computer motherboards and peripheral drivers and manuals, especially the motherboard manual, should be properly kept.

14. Don't use the optical drive continuously for a long time, such as listening to songs and watching DVDs. You can copy songs, CDs and so on. Watch it on the hard disk.

15. When the computer is not used for a long time, it is recommended to turn it on regularly to remove the moisture inside.

6. How to maintain the desktop computer?

(1) Precautions when using a computer: 1. Use the computer in a clean environment.

The computer is a high-tech product, and it is used in a wide range of environments, but if the working environment is not good, the computer will break down. If the floppy drive can't read information, it is likely that the head is stained with dust.

Therefore, the author suggests that everyone should use computers in a clean environment. If it is not used for a long time, the computer should be covered with dust-proof cloth to prevent dust from falling and accumulating. 2. Work at an appropriate temperature.

If the ambient temperature around the computer is too low or too high, the computer will not work normally. Some users still cover their computers with dust-proof cloth to prevent dust from falling, which will cause the internal temperature of the computer to rise gradually and bring adverse effects to the computer.

In addition, when placing the computer, the distance between the computer and the wall should be at least about 15 cm, which can not only ensure that all kinds of cables connected to the back of the machine will not be accidentally broken, but also make the hot air pumped by the fan in the chassis spread rapidly, so as not to cause the internal temperature of the host to rise too fast. 3, according to the computer position to ensure firm.

It is best not to move the computer when it is turned on, so as not to damage the hard disk by the earthquake. 4. Prevent electrostatic accumulation.

At this point, everyone should have a deep understanding. When the weather is dry or the fibers are rubbed, it is easy to generate static electricity. When static electricity accumulates too much, it will affect the correct execution of program instructions by the computer, and even burn the internal chips of the computer in serious cases. Therefore, computers must have reliable grounding settings or maintain a certain air humidity in the use environment.

5. It's best to lead the power used by the computer from the line separately, and don't use the same line with other electrical appliances (such as air conditioner, refrigerator and color TV) to prevent the current generated by these electrical appliances from damaging the computer. Conditional users can additionally configure regulated power supply or UPS uninterrupted power supply.

6. Don't plug the connection between other devices and the computer. Because when the computer is turned on, these interface components will generate high voltage. If you plug it in or out casually, high voltage will probably burn out the components of the interface.

Therefore, if you need to remove or connect the wires between the computer and other devices, you should turn off the power before plugging them in. (2) Maintenance of computer hardware In the current computer system, the heat emitted by CPU, graphics card chip, power supply, etc. When the computer works, it will greatly increase the temperature in the chassis and reduce the performance of the system. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the heat dissipation of components when we use computers at ordinary times.

At present, the most commonly used cooling method for computers is air cooling, that is, using the wind blown by fans to cool components. The CPU has a fan, the graphics card has a fan, and the power supply has a fan. If it is an air duct box, then there are more fans.

After a period of use, the performance of the computer may be lower than when it was just bought back. Generally, the main reason is that the cooling capacity of the system has decreased. Generally speaking, the cooling fan of the computer will be lost after a long time of use, which will reduce the speed of the fan and reduce the cooling ability.

However, the author thinks that more reasons are caused by dust accumulation inside the chassis. Imagine that so many fans in the chassis suck air from the outside to cool the internal equipment, and there are many dust particles in the inhaled air. If the surface temperature of the components inside the computer is higher than the temperature of the inhaled air, these dust particles are easily adsorbed on the surface of the equipment, and dust is easily accumulated on the blades of the cooling fan. Over time, dust will form a dust film on the surface of components, which will directly affect the heat dissipation effect of each component.

In addition, the dust adsorbed on the fan blade will also increase the weight of the fan blade, which will lead to the decrease of the fan speed and the cooling capacity of the system. As the dust inside the computer accumulates on the board card inside the computer, it will accumulate on the pins of the components inside the computer, especially in this humid season, the dust will form a plate with moisture on the board card. The accumulated dust will form a conductor to short-circuit the board at this time, which may burn out components in serious cases.

It can be seen that the decline of heat dissipation capacity is the most basic reason for the decline of system stability, so it is very necessary to dust the inside of the computer regularly. Before cleaning the dust inside the computer, first make sure that the power supply of the computer is completely cut off, and it is best to unplug all power supplies and other connecting wires.

If you have a vacuum cleaner, you can use the vacuum cleaner to suck the inside of the chassis first, then remove all the components inside the chassis and clean up the dust accumulated on it with a brush. It is worth noting that most of the dust is concentrated at the bottom of the radiator. This is because the bottom of the radiator is in contact with the CPU surface, which has the highest temperature and is easy to absorb dust.

Because the general radiator is fin-shaped, it will be more troublesome to remove the dust inside, but fortunately, the current radiator is made of copper or aluminum, which is not easy to rust, so the effect will be better if it is washed with clear water. After cleaning, install all the components, and then turn on the computer to see if it works properly. I believe that the performance of an unburdened computer will be as good as when it was just bought back.

(3) Computer software maintenance 1. In order to maintain computer software, we usually need to make regular file backups. This work is very important, because in the normal operation of the computer, sometimes the files are accidentally mistaken, which will lead to unexpected consequences.

If you make a backup in advance, you will be in danger. 2. Do a good job in computer virus prevention.

Once a computer virus enters the computer, it will cause losses to users. You can usually use antivirus software to check whether the computer has a virus. If it is found that the computer does carry a virus, it can be removed by anti-virus software, or the backup data can be restored to the hard disk to overwrite the infected file.

3. Don't use * * * software frequently. At present, most of the * * * enjoyment software is personal production software that can be tried for free.

7. How to maintain the desktop computer to be durable?

When the system is installed

Use a power socket that protects against current shock.

Register your software.

Customize automatic updates.

Read the maintenance chapter in the instruction manual.

Set the e-mail program to automatically archive old letters.

Install antivirus software.

Install anti-rogue software.

Save all driver installation disks.

Weekly maintenance

Run the hard disk error checking tool.

Run the defragmentation tool.

Delete unnecessary files.

Back up important files.

Empty the recycle bin.

Delete intermediate temporary files.

Clear browsing history.

Delete s

Update the virus definition file.

Do a comprehensive virus scan.

Monthly maintenance

Check for updates.

Delete/uninstall unused programs.

Quarterly maintenance

Clean the keyboard.

Clean the monitor.

Clean other peripheral hardware.

Clean the desktop.

Change the password.

Annual maintenance

Update software update and virus update.