Treatment of epistaxis

Recently, the media reported that Xiao Qiang, a boy aged1/kloc-0 in Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province, had symptoms of poisoning due to taking Datura stramonium by mistake. Fortunately, the dose was relatively small, and he didn't do much harm at all. After treatment, he got better and was discharged from hospital.

Why did the little boy take Datura by mistake? It turns out that Xiao Qiang, who lives in the countryside, has recently suffered from nosebleeds. Grandma asked someone to cure nosebleeds and grandpa to collect medicines. I didn't expect grandpa to pick Datura by mistake with a little knowledge of Chinese herbal medicine. Grandpa cooked a big bowl of soup for Xiao Qiang with herbs collected that night, but Xiao Qiang only took five sips, because the soup was too bad.

Half an hour later, Xiao Qiang began to have mental symptoms, became extremely upset and hit people, even hallucinated and didn't know his parents. After a night of tossing, Xiao Qiang's parents felt something was wrong and wondered if the child was possessed. They hurried to the hospital for examination.

It has been 15 hours from onset to admission. When I arrived at the hospital at noon that day, the child had convulsions, his skin was red and his heart rate was accelerated. After inquiring about the medical history and routine examination, the doctor diagnosed Datura poisoning. Immediately give antidote treatment, and at the same time inject glucose to promote toxin discharge. After treatment, Xiao Qiang's condition improved and stabilized.

After reading this case, do you still remember your childhood experience? Have many friends been treated with earthwork by their parents? I remember when I was a child, I accidentally put a piece of skin on my finger because I was working in school. The teacher chewed it up with unknown leaves and applied it to the wound. A few days later, the wound began to infect and fester, and finally had to go to the hospital for debridement. Thinking about these experiences, I am really a little scared-the risk of earthwork treatment is too great.

Let's talk about why Datura stramonium is poisoned. Datura is also called Korean morning glory and morning glory, so it looks a bit like morning glory. Mafei Powder invented by Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in ancient China, contains Datura, so the functions of Datura include sedation and anesthesia.

Datura stramonium consists of anisodamine, atropine and scopolamine. Clinicians all know that these ingredients are often used in the pain relief treatment of biliary colic and renal colic, and atropine is an essential medicine for rescue. At the same time, they can excite the central nervous system, block M- cholinergic receptors, antagonize and paralyze parasympathetic nerves. These effects will bring dry mouth, dysphagia, hoarseness, rapid pulse, dilated pupils, dry skin, flushing and fever to the poisoned person. In severe cases, hallucinations, restlessness, convulsions and even coma may occur.

The use of these drugs requires strict dose control and close observation, and children should be more careful when using drugs. Xiao Qiang took Datura by mistake without medical advice, which led to poisoning and was very dangerous. It is worth noting that Datura stramonium has a strong ornamental value, but it is best not to plant it at home, because its floral fragrance is also magical.

As mentioned earlier, Xiao Qiang's grandfather used herbs collected from the soil to treat his grandson's nosebleed. So is it reliable to treat epistaxis with earthwork?

Treating epistaxis with earthwork is not only unreliable, but also very dangerous. Whether the earth is made up correctly or not, it is not safe. Just picking herbs according to the prescription, many ordinary people have no way to identify them. Xiao Qiang's grandfather chose Datura by mistake because he didn't understand the shape, toxicology and pharmacology of this drug. How many people can tell the difference?

So, if there is no problem with the medicine taken by Grandpa Xiao Qiang, will it be safe to stop nosebleeds temporarily? It is necessary to know the cause of nosebleeds.

Nosebleeds may have the following reasons:

1, trauma. The most common cause of nosebleeds is nose-picking. It is described as "picking your nose for a while, and it has been cool until now" by a popular joke on the Internet. Picking your nose is an irresistible enjoyment for many people, but it is also risky. The most common is nosebleed caused by nasal mucosa injury. At the same time, nose digging will also bring in bacteria and viruses, causing nasal inflammation and even intracranial infection.

2. Abnormal nasal structure. Congenital and acquired structural deformities of the nose often cause nosebleeds, and the most common is nasal septum deviation. 80% people have deviated nasal septum, which not only easily affects breathing, causes rhinitis and sinusitis, but also may cause nosebleeds. Because the deviated part of the nasal septum is often accompanied by vascular malformation, the nasal mucosa is weak, and it is easy to damage and bleed due to the influence of cold air and physical stimulation.

3. Dry air. I think many people have a deep understanding of dry air. It's only autumn, and my nose is dry and itchy. Office workers who often work in air-conditioned rooms have stinging noses. The nasal cavity is a humidifier for us to breathe air. If the air is dry enough to dry the nasal mucosa, then the nasal mucosa is damaged and the capillaries are broken.

4, rhinitis, nasal infection. Both aseptic rhinitis and bacterial infection can cause damage to nasal mucosa, especially in patients with recurrent runny nose, the fragility of nasal mucosa increases, and it is more likely to be injured and bleeding. Chronic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis often use nasal spray, which may also cause damage to nasal mucosa.

5, nasal polyps, tumors. No matter polyp in nasal cavity, benign and malignant tumor or skull base tumor, it is easier to bleed than normal nasal cavity tissue. Many patients often find nasal malignant tumors because of nosebleeds, especially elderly patients, so they should be more alert to nosebleeds. The typical manifestation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is aspiration of nosebleed. When the nose bleeds a little, don't treat it lightly, and go to the hospital for examination in time.

6, blood system diseases. Coagulation dysfunction, hemophilia, frequent and repeated bleeding, and even severe anemia. Of course, blood diseases should also pay attention to other accompanying manifestations, such as unexplained ecchymosis, gingival bleeding, bloody stool and so on.

7. Take medicine. Frequent nosebleeds, first of all, pay attention to whether you have taken medicine, consider the nosebleeds caused by taking medicine, and consult your doctor to see if you need to stop taking medicine. Long-term oral anticoagulants can also lead to repeated bleeding in the nasal cavity. At this time, it is necessary to stop taking the medicine or adjust the dose according to the doctor's advice.

Understand the causes of nosebleeds, so how to deal with nosebleeds?

One,

Acute epistaxis needs to judge the severity. If it is a small amount of bleeding, blowing your nose or pressing can be stopped. You can also keep a slightly bent posture, and be careful not to raise your head or lean back to prevent blood from entering the trachea. You can also hold your nose for at least 15 minutes for adults and 5 minutes for children. Don't stop to check for bleeding. Don't just press one side.

When the amount of bleeding is relatively large and the following situations occur, it is best to go to the hospital in time accompanied by family members.

Blood gushes from the nasal cavity, causing difficulty breathing; Pale face, general weakness or coma (suggesting hemorrhagic shock); After simple treatment, the nosebleed did not stop, and the nasal cavity was stopped or blocked for 30 minutes, and the child still had bleeding 10 minute; Hit your nose hard.

Second,

Repeated bleeding needs to find the cause. If you are a frequent nose-picker, you need to give up the "nose-picker addiction". Repeated epistaxis due to deviated nasal septum is one of the indications for operation, which needs to be evaluated by otolaryngologists before deciding whether to correct it surgically. Nasal polyps, tumors, rhinitis and hematological diseases all need to be treated. Drugs that cause epistaxis, such as anticoagulants such as warfarin and aspirin, and drugs that directly contact the nasal cavity such as nasal spray, need to be stopped or the dosage adjusted under the guidance of a doctor. Never stop taking the medicine yourself.

Third,

Doing this in daily life can reduce nosebleeds:

1, dry weather, timely hydration, more outdoor activities, don't always stay in the air-conditioned room. You can put an air humidifier in the bedroom to make the indoor air less dry.

2. Use nasal saline spray or gel to keep the nasal cavity moist.

3. Again, don't pick your nose, at least get a manicure.

Conclusion: It is unsafe to treat epistaxis by earthwork, and it is more dangerous to collect and make drugs by oneself, which may not only cover up the cause, delay the treatment, but also lead to poisoning by taking poison by mistake. There are many reasons for nosebleed. If it still doesn't improve after correct and simple treatment, you should go to the hospital for professional treatment by a doctor to find and treat the primary disease.

Getting rid of the bad habit of hurting the nose in life and protecting the nasal cavity with the tip of the nose can reduce the occurrence of nosebleeds.