What is Molly's life habit?

Jasmine's basic requirements for environmental conditions can be simply summarized as "six joys and six fears": 1, like warmth and fear of frost; 2, like light, afraid of yin; 3, like humidity, afraid of drowning; 4, like fertility, afraid of infertility; 5, like slightly acidic or neutral soil, afraid of alkaline soil; 6, like loose, afraid of hardening. Although jasmine is native to the subtropical zone, it still has wide adaptability due to long-term introduction and domestication. It can be cultivated from Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian, Sichuan and Hunan to Beijing (Beijing is cultivated in greenhouse). Hengxian County in Guangxi is located in the southern part of the motherland, with abundant sunshine, warm climate and abundant rainfall. The annual average temperature is 2 1.4℃, the monthly minimum temperature is 12℃, the monthly maximum temperature is 28.5℃, the frost-free period is 336 days, the annual average rainfall is14,31mm, and the main rainy weather is from June to September. The produced jasmine has high yield, good quality and long flowering period.

1, requirements for temperature conditions Jasmine is sensitive to temperature, needs a warm and humid climate and can adapt to higher temperatures; But it is not resistant to low temperature and has poor cold resistance. According to the investigation, when the temperature is lower than 65438 00℃, the growth of jasmine is extremely slow, or even stops. Buds can germinate at about 65438 09℃, can be fertile above 25℃, and can form and develop well at 30-40℃. The suitable temperature for maturity and opening is 32-38℃. At this time, jasmine blooms early, with high opening rate, uniform opening, white color as jade and rich aroma. When the temperature is lower than 32℃, the opening time is long, irregular and the opening angle is small. Generally, it cannot be opened when the temperature is lower than 25℃; When the temperature is higher than 40℃, although the bud is open, it is easy to be dark yellow, with low aroma and slightly yellow and ripe taste. Once the temperature exceeds 50℃, the flowers will be burned to death. If the room temperature is controlled at about 20℃ in an air-conditioned room, the flower bud opening time can be delayed by about 10 hour. After the low temperature is released, the room temperature can be raised to the temperature suitable for bud opening, and the jasmine can bloom quickly, with rich fragrance and pure air. Therefore, conditional tea factories can control the temperature and adjust the opening time of mature flower buds after picking, so as to alleviate the shortage of labor, venues and equipment needed for processing during the peak picking period and improve the economic benefits of jasmine. Jasmine is extremely cold-tolerant. When the temperature is 0℃ and frost occurs, the aboveground parts of plants are first damaged by freezing, while the tender branches of leaves and branches wither and most branches wither and die. If the frost lasts for a long time, the phloem of the branch will freeze and crack and die if it is cultivated in the open field. Even if you build a shed, cover a grass and plant a pot, although you are more resistant to slight frost, you will freeze to death in a few days with low temperature frost. Plants planted in the open air are usually protected from freezing damage in soil cover. In late autumn at the latest, as long as there is soil cover, it will not be frozen and remain green. When the temperature rises above the active temperature, it will quickly resume growth and sprout new buds. However, freezing has a certain impact on the flower production in the following year, especially "plum blossom". However, measures to prevent cold in advance, such as applying sufficient organic fertilizer before winter, thickening the soil of roots and stems in time, cutting off damaged branches in time after frost, and applying quick-acting fertilizer in conjunction with intertillage and ridging, can enhance the cold resistance, promote the growth and recovery of jasmine, and reduce losses. In most parts of Guangxi, especially Hengxian and ling shan, the average monthly minimum temperature for many years is above 12℃. In winter, when the soil is below 5cm and the extreme minimum temperature is above 0℃, jasmine can generally survive the winter in the open field. 2. Requirements for light conditions Jasmine is a kind of light-avoiding plant, and its growth and development need sufficient light. Long-term direct sunlight is more conducive to its growth and development. Strong light, dark green leaves, thick branches, many buds, good coloring and high aroma; If the light is insufficient or shaded too much, the leaves are light green, the leaves are large and thin, the photosynthetic products are reduced, the physiological activities are inhibited, the plants are stunted, the flower yield is low and the quality is poor. The stronger the light, the more developed the root system of Jasmine, the more vigorous the plant growth and the stronger the stress resistance. It is observed that in the month with high sunshine rate, jasmine flower buds are large, open and tidy, with high yield, good quality and many aromatic substances. The optimal sunshine rate (sunshine hours as a percentage of available sunshine hours in the same period) is 60% ~ 70%. Therefore, in order to improve the yield and quality, open sloping land or dry land should be chosen as the garden for open cultivation. 3. Requirements for water conditions Jasmine grows vigorously and consumes a lot of water for transpiration. When the soil water holding capacity (the percentage of soil water content when the soil reaches the maximum capillary hanging capacity) is 60% ~ 80%, and the drainage and water permeability are good, it is most suitable for the root growth of jasmine. In the flower season, the monthly rainfall is 100 ~ 150 ml and the air humidity is 75%~80%, so the flower yield is high and the quality is good. However, different varieties have different requirements for water conditions. Jasminum giraldii has a deep root distribution (above 100 cm) and is relatively drought-tolerant. Double-petalled jasmine, although its root system is very strong, is not as deep as single-petalled jasmine, so it is relatively poor in drought tolerance and needs more water. Jasmine cultivated in the open field will affect the growth and germination under the condition of water shortage in dry season, with small flowers, difficult picking, and obvious decline in yield and quality. Especially the double-petal jasmine is more affected. Therefore, when there is drought, irrigation should be done in time. However, jasmine likes wet and is afraid of waterlogging, and too much soil moisture will also lead to root dysplasia and suffocation. Therefore, when choosing the land for planting jasmine, we should consider the drainage and irrigation conditions of the land and open the drainage ditch. In case of rainy season, water should be removed in time. Rainy weather will also affect the growth of jasmine, and the water content of flowers will increase. When picking, you should pay attention to choosing when there is no rain, and dry it in time after harvest. 4. Requirements for soil conditions: Jasmine root system is relatively developed. In the process of growth and development, especially in the flowering season, a lot of water and nutrients need to be absorbed from the soil, so a deeper soil layer is required. Loose and fertile sandy or semi-sandy soil or light clay with less viscosity is more suitable for the growth of jasmine. Under such soil conditions, even the double-petalled jasmine has a root system of more than 30 cm, many branches, dense roots, strong aboveground parts and high flower quality. On the contrary, if the soil is too sticky, lack of organic matter, poor permeability and poor root growth and development, the plants are short, the stems and branches are slender, and the flowers are few and small. The pH of soil also has a certain influence on the growth of jasmine, so it is not advisable to be too acidic or too alkaline. According to the investigation in Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangxi and other provinces, the slightly acidic soil with PH value of 6~6.5 is more suitable for the growth and development of jasmine. Because jasmine is afraid of alkali, it is not suitable to be planted in alkaline soil. In the management process of planting in slightly acidic soil, it is also inappropriate to use too much alkaline fertilizers and pesticides, such as lime.

5. The influence of topography and typhoon on the growth of jasmine. Terrain is not an important factor for the growth of jasmine, but it should be paid enough attention because it involves various ecological conditions such as irrigation and drainage, temperature, typhoon and frost. Generally speaking, sunny slopes and hillsides have strong sunshine, good ventilation, cold air is not easy to deposit, and good drainage, which is of great benefit to jasmine that is not cold-tolerant, and can gradually exercise cold-tolerant ability, which is conducive to safe wintering. Therefore, opening a jasmine garden on the east or southeast slope, ploughing deeply to improve the soil, applying more organic fertilizer and strengthening management can not only advance the flower picking time, increase the yield, but also reduce the freezing injury. Guangxi is located on the southeast coast, bordering the Beibu Gulf in the south, and may be hit by typhoons from May to 65438+February every year, especially in July, August and September. The areas south of Wuzhou, Guiping, Guixian, Nanning and Ningming were greatly affected by the typhoon, and Qinzhou and Yulin were seriously affected. A typhoon is accompanied by heavy rain or rainstorm. Storms seriously affect the growth of jasmine, which may cause plants to fall or a large number of flowers to fall, or a large number of soil fertilizers to be lost, or water to accumulate in flower fields. Therefore, before the arrival of the typhoon, it is necessary to open the drainage ditch and let the rain drain out in time. After the rain, the lodging plants should be righted in time according to the land conditions, and the soil should be fertilized and cultivated in time after it is slightly dry, so that the jasmine can quickly resume its growth. Although typhoons bring disasters, they occur in the dry season, which can bring rainfall and alleviate the drought, which is beneficial to the growth and development of jasmine. In addition to typhoons, the cold dew wind that occurs in Guangxi around 5438+ 10 in mid-June every year also brings adverse effects on the growth of jasmine, especially the dry and cold cold dew wind, which makes it difficult for jasmine to germinate and affects the yield and quality of autumn flowers. Therefore, we should strive to apply fertilizer at the end of September 10, lightly cultivate the soil, enhance the cold resistance of plants, make jasmine grow and bloom normally, and reduce losses. Second, the growth habits of jasmine The leaves of jasmine are opposite leaves, and new buds are extracted from the axils of leaves and extracted in pairs. If a pair of main branches leads from a trunk, the main branches will lead to one or two pairs of side branches respectively. When the conditions are suitable, buds multiply and buds multiply. Mastering this growth law, timely intertillage, weeding, fertilization and irrigation, and strengthening management measures can promote branching, accelerate growth and flower bud differentiation, and create conditions for high yield. Third, the flowering habits of jasmine Jasmine from the formation of new shoots to flowering and picking, this period is usually called "flowering period" by flower farmers, about 30 days. It takes about 15 days from germination to budding, and about 13 days from budding to maturity and opening. In the process of bud development, light green gradually turns to yellow-green, yellow-white, milky white and snow white. When white, the bud is in bud, which is called "ripe flower" (or barrel flower, flower of the day). Mature flowers are just the time to pick. After the flowers bloom, whether they are picked or left on the branches, the color changes from snow white to purple or yellow after 24 hours. At this point, most of the aroma has been lost. In 24 hours, the petals will wither completely. Of course, environmental factors such as temperature, light, sunny and rainy weather will also affect the acceleration or delay of this process. The wilting period of different varieties is different, and the double-petal or multi-petal varieties are slightly longer than the single-petal varieties. The flowering time of jasmine varies from season to season. Flowers in spring usually bloom at 9 o'clock in the evening; Hua Fu usually opens at 8 pm; Autumn flowers bloom again at 9 ~ 1 1 in the evening. The cymes of jasmine usually consist of 3 ~ 15 single flowers. There are also more than 20 or even more than 30 single flowers. Open order, first open the top flower, and then, from top to bottom, open in pairs.