How are the tropical cyclones in the weather forecast named?

In order to distinguish tropical cyclones, it is necessary to give them separate names

. The earliest method to distinguish tropical cyclones was based on their location (mainly the longitude and latitude of the tropical cyclone center). This method is quite troublesome and often unsatisfactory.

Until the early 19th century, some Spanish-speaking Caribbean islands named hurricanes based on the sacred calendar time of landfall. For example, the three hurricanes that hit Puerto Rico were Santa Ana on July 26, 1852, and San Felipe on September 13, 1876. According to reports, in the late 19th century, Australian forecaster Clement Lange named tropical cyclones after politicians he hated. Later, the military department named tropical cyclones according to the initial alphabetical order of English words (ABLE, BAKER, CHARLIE, etc.).

During World War II, Americans named tropical cyclones after women. In the late 1970s, at the request of American feminist movement organizations, the naming list was expanded and named after men and women. The advantages of using naming lists are increasingly accepted in spoken and written communication, especially in alarms. The name should be short, popular, and easy to remember, so as to facilitate the transmission of information to millions of people in tropical cyclone threat areas, and to avoid confusion when the same area is affected by more than one tropical cyclone at the same time. The practice soon became widespread throughout the Western Hemisphere.

In the 1970s, a naming system was adopted for all tropical cyclone-prone areas. Since the late 1970s, under the coordination of the regional tropical cyclone committees of the World Meteorological Organization, the naming of tropical cyclones has become international. In most regions, tropical cyclone nomenclature (usually male and female names are used interchangeably) is developed by the tropical cyclone committee of the region. The more important task of the tropical cyclone committee is to promote and coordinate tropical cyclone disaster reduction actions in the region. The specific practices vary from region to region. Designated meteorological centers are usually responsible for naming tropical cyclones in alphabetical order. Some regions use naming tables cyclically, some regions make new naming tables from time to time, and some regions start from scratch after using up their naming tables. If a tropical cyclone is notorious, such as causing serious casualties or causing huge property damage, the name of the tropical cyclone will be removed from the naming list and replaced by another name of the same gender, and the first letter must be same. Some areas use 4-digit numbers to name tropical cyclones. The first two digits are the year, and the last two digits are the sequence number of the tropical cyclone that year. Some also add a geographical indicator code. For example, the first tropical cyclone in the Bay of Bengal in 1991 The storm was named BOB9109 (BOB is the English abbreviation of Bay of Bengal). The 25th typhoon in 1990 was named 9025. Some countries have developed naming lists for their own use. For example, the United States has developed a naming list for the Northwest Pacific and Central North Pacific, and the Philippines has also developed a naming list for typhoons in the northwest Pacific. The names used by the Guam Joint Typhoon Warning Center for northwest Pacific typhoons are often adopted by other countries in the region.

Most of the members of the Typhoon Committee come from countries and regions affected by typhoons. For many years, the Typhoon Committee has had a system for numbering typhoons, that is, the Typhoon Center of the Tokyo Regional Professional Meteorological Center is responsible for numbering tropical cyclones that have reached tropical storm intensity. According to the resolution of the 31st session of the Typhoon Committee, a new naming method for tropical cyclones will be implemented from January 1, 2000. This method will be used in communiqués issued by Typhoon Committee members to the international community. It is also used by members when issuing tropical cyclone warnings in their local languages. The Typhoon Committee will continue to assign tropical cyclone numbers.