Teaching plan design of the Chinese text "A Gong Fang Fu" in senior one.

1. Understand the author's views on the cause of death of Qin and the purpose of writing the article.

2. Understand the characteristics of prose in Tang Dynasty and its difference from parallel prose.

3. Experience the combination of parallel prose and prose in this article, and recite the full text.

First, import

630 years ago, in the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang, a famous scholar from Jinan, came to Tongguan. Facing the ruins and devastation, his heart was full of sadness, so he sighed and turned it into a famous song "Mountain Slope Sheep": mountains and rivers are like gathering, waves are like anger, and mountains and rivers are like Tongguan Road. It is a pity to look at western capital. Sad Qin and Han dynasties, ten thousand palaces have been made of earth. Xing, people suffer! Death, people suffer! At that time, Xianyang, the ancient capital of the Millennium, was covered with thorns and overgrown with weeds. 1 100 years ago, Epang Palace, which is 300 miles away, was not seen.

Looking back at that year, the first emperor ascended the throne, courageously aroused the power of VI, and made a long-term plan to conquer the mainland. He was in high spirits when the great cause was completed. According to historical records, every time Qin Shihuang annexed a vassal state, he asked craftsmen to imitate the palace style of that country and rebuild it in Xianyang. Including beautiful women and treasures captured from all over the world. Show your great achievements in sweeping Liuhe and mixing the world. According to historical records, there are 300 palaces in Guanzhong and more than 400 outside the customs. That's not enough. In the ninth year after the reunification of the Central Plains, the first emperor thought that Xianyang had a large population and the former imperial court was small, which was quite different from his position as Huang Sanhe and Five Emperors. Therefore, between Zhou Wenwang and the former capital of Zhou Wuwang, he began to build an unparalleled grand palace. The palace has not been officially named, and some people call it Gong Chao. Epang Palace is just the front hall of this palace.

What a magnificent palace this is! Historical Records contains 500 steps from east to west and 50 feet from north to south in the front hall of Epang Palace. Ten thousand people sit on the floor and a 50-foot flag can be built under it. "Hanshu" contains Epang Palace, which is five miles from east to west and thousands of steps from north to south. Converted into modern weights and measures, the front hall of Epang Palace is 690 meters wide from east to west and 1 15 meters deep from north to south, covering an area of 80,000 square meters. Our standard classroom is about 56 square meters, and our whole school is only 80,000 square meters, while the front hall of Epang Palace is as big as our school, which is more than enough to accommodate 10,000 people. In the ruins of Afang Palace in Xi 'an, the foundation area has reached 540,000 square meters, which is the largest palace in history! Looking back, we can't wait to lift the heavy veil of history and see its elegant demeanor, or take a time machine to stop the brutal fire of the overlord of Chu and keep the crystallization of countless painstaking efforts and wisdom of Qian Qian's thousands of predecessors! It's a pity that today, we can only look for Du Mu's peerless style through one of his words.

read aloud

Du Mu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, is as famous as Li Shangyin, and is also called Du Xiaoli. Because he lived in South Fan Chuan Villa in Chang 'an in his later years, he was later known as Du Fanchuan, and wrote "The Collected Works of Fan Chuan". He is most famous for his epic poems and seven-character quatrains. Everyone is familiar with:

Nostalgia:

A broken iron halberd sank into the sand and disappeared, only to find that it was the remnant of Battle of Red Cliffs after grinding and washing. If the east wind is not convenient for Zhou Yu, I'm afraid the outcome will be Cao Cao's victory and Er Qiao's detention in Tongquetai.

Looking back at Chang 'an, Mount Li is like a pile of splendid scenery, and the gates of Huaqing Palace on the top of the mountain are opened in turn. As soon as I rode on the smile of smoke and smoke, no one knew that the fresh fruit litchi was sent from the south.

Xinfeng green trees have yellow dust, and I have ridden Yuyang several times to explore the messenger. They lied about their military situation, and Tang Gaozong and Yang Guifei still indulged in singing and dancing until the Anshi Rebellion arose and the Central Plains was broken.

The victory or defeat of a military strategist is unexpected, and Bao is the shame of every man; There are many talented children in Jiangdong. Whether they will make a comeback is still unknown.

Although the shepherd drives the horse, he is obedient and white-haired and obedient. (Hehuang)

The bustling past is gone with the fragrance of dust; The water is ruthless, and weeds are green every year until spring. The birds groaned, and night came with the sound of the east wind; Falling flowers are as beautiful as green beads falling from upstairs.

Four wonders:

Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February flowers. (hiking)

More than 480 ancient temples were left in the Southern Dynasties, and countless pagodas were shrouded in wind and rain. (Jiang Nanchun)

Strong women in business don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing backyard flowers across the river. (thin Qinhuai)

The candle on the table lit the heart, and it also saw the parting; You see, it shed tears for us and flowed to the morning. (Farewell)

Castle peak is vaguely green water thousands of miles away, and the vegetation in the south of the Yangtze River has not withered in autumn. Where does the Jade Man teach oral sex at Bridge 24 on a moonlit night? (Letter to Han Chuo, Yangzhou Magistrate)

Down and out, rivers and lakes carry restaurants, and Chu has a thin waist and a light palm. Yangzhou's ten years, like a dream, wake up, but in the brothel women this is a fickle reputation. (Send message)

In the autumn night, candlelight reflected the screen, and Fan slapped the fireflies with his hand. The night in Tianjie is as cool as water, lying watching morning glory and Vega. (autumn night)

Fu: Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long Shi: Fu, Pu Ye; Bedding and collecting essays, writing and recording. The content of Fu is to express feelings by imitating things, but it is exquisite in art and uses colorful words in language. In addition, Fu attached great importance to the beauty of phonology. With the help of long and short sentences, flexible rhyming and parallelism, a free, rigorous, flowing and stagnant style is formed, which is not only suitable for prose presentation, but also retains certain poetry.

Second, overall perception.

1. After reading the article, we can obviously find that the article can be divided into several parts.

[Clear] Two parts: [Slide]

The first part is 1-2 objects, the magnificence of Epang Palace and the dissolute and luxurious life in the palace.

The second part, section 3-4, describes the original intention of writing this fu and warns contemporary rulers.

Comb the first part

(1) Let's look at the first paragraph of the object first. This section introduces the grandeur of Epang Palace. After class, give everyone three minutes to watch the first section in combination with 1 .2.3 in the exercise.

(2) Please answer the first question. Which sentences describe the origin of Epang Palace?

[Clear] [Slide] Six Heavenly Kings Bi A Fang Chu

Please answer the second question. Which sentences describe the external situation of Epang Palace?

[Qing] [Slip] Overpressured for more than 300 miles and flowed into the palace wall.

Please answer the third question, the ontology construction of Epang Palace.

[Clear] [Sliding] Five steps to the first floor, the climate is uneven.

So everyone knows, how many floors can this festival be divided into? (third floor)

(3) the first floor

We asked a classmate to translate the first floor.

Emphasize: Bi: It's over, that is, it was destroyed by the State of Qin. One: unity, numeral verbs

Wu: The mountain is high and flat. It is described here that the trees on the mountain were cut down. Shape movement

We say that the first sentence is four sentences and three sentences, and the short word 12 is well written and neat. Too much to add a word, too little to subtract a word. It not only wrote the heroic spirit of Qin Shihuang unifying the world, but also wrote the extraordinary construction of Epang Palace. Li Bai said that it is difficult to ascend to heaven. Think about it. It is difficult to transport all the trees on the Shu Mountain to Guanzhong through the Shu Road, which wastes life and money. This 12 text has actually covered the author's emotional tone. Is it positive or negative? (derogatory)

Please think about this question: why are the six kings all over, and why are the four seas one? When we finish learning this article, we will ask our classmates to answer this question.

(4) the second floor

A Fang is out, what about its scale? Let's look at the second floor. Please translate.

Key points: construction: construction, construction. Folding; Turning point: going, going. Note that in ancient times, walking meant running. For example, in Shi Qu Guan, the old man climbed over the wall and the old woman went out to watch. In this article, here is the rush and the trend.

These four sentences explain the geographical location of Epang Palace and highlight its style of taking from nature and applying it to nature. Then from Weishui and Fan Chuan into the palace wall to the third floor, the architectural features of Epang Palace are introduced.

(5) The third floor

Classmate translation

Key points: five steps to the first floor: numbers, different from the previous ones.

M: I can't get rid of it. Regression: twists and turns, detours As we said today, cloisters and twists and turns all mean this.

Eaves are high and teeth are high; Metaphorically speaking, the protruding eaves pout upward like a bird's beak.

Hug: to surround.

Similarities and differences between ancient and modern times. Ancient times: Palace architecture. The structure is complicated. Today: Use your own brains and fight in the open.

Fall: quantifier, static seat.

Ji: It has the same meaning as Ji in Preface to Wang Tengting. Originally, it means that the rain has stopped, and it also means that the wind and rain have stopped, the clouds have dispersed and the sky has cleared up.

Warm platform and harmonious spring: synaesthesia rhetoric. The sense of touch is used to describe hearing, just like the place where the breeze passes in the moonlight of the lotus pond, bringing a faint fragrance, as if it were a faint song on a tall building in the distance.

Climate: ancient and modern similarities and differences. Ancient times: the meteorological profile of a region, today: weather (rain, snow, cloudy and sunny)

The singing platform is warm, the climate is uneven and exaggerated. By writing about the warmth and coldness of songs and dances, this paper describes the phenomenon of uneven climate in Epang Palace within one day and between palaces.

This floor, let's see what a * * * wrote.

Buildings, pavilions, corridors, eaves, long bridges and multiple roads

(6) As can be seen from the analysis just now, this paragraph describes the grandeur of Epang Palace from three aspects. Let's read it together.

7. Organize the second section

(1) The first section talked about warm sleeves in the ballroom. Who are these singers and dancers? Let's look at the second part. Give everyone a few minutes to look at this part.

[Clear] This section describes the beauties and treasures in Epang Palace and exposes the luxurious life of the rulers of the Qin Dynasty. The above-mentioned singers and dancers are princesses, princes and grandchildren.

Please translate the first two sentences.

Hey hey; Pronunciation.

The prince's grandson: here refers to the daughters and granddaughters of the princes of the six countries. Excluding men

Next: locative noun verbs. Qi: the original meaning: a car pulled by a person is called moving and riding here.

Chanting night strings: songs, strings: name movements. become

Why did these people, concubines, princes, emperors and grandchildren, quit the temple downstairs and come to Qin?

[Clear] Because the Six Kings are finished. This not only responded to the Six Kings Bi, but also hinted at the future of the rulers of Qin Dynasty, and once again revealed the author's derogatory meaning.

So what do these two sentences mean? (Write the origin of concubine)

(3) Next, we read from the star Yingying that there are shady people for 36 years.

What do these words say? (Life of Imperial Secretary), what rhetorical devices were used? (parallelism)

Please translate.

Emphasize; Star: bright starlight, but now it refers to famous movie actors, athletes, etc.

Lv Yun: A metaphor for a woman's black hair. Greasy: grease.

Adverbial, profound, endless, invisible and sudden. It is a verb. Let's go

Extreme: intertextuality, extreme, as far as possible.

M: The same slow extension. Li Mao: Jiuli. It has different meanings from the front porch waist.

Here we don't write many imperial secretaries directly, but indirectly write many imperial secretaries with stars, Lv Yun and Andy. The technique is very clever. To write about maids is to write about Qin Shihuang's debauchery and ruthlessness. The palace car passes by every day, and there are still 36 years when the imperial secretary cannot see it. While showing the tragic fate of ladies-in-waiting, it reveals the extravagant life of Qin Shihuang.

(4) Next, from writing to writing, students translate.

The collection, management and elite here refer to things like gold and jade jewelry. Let me see, does management mean the same as we do now?

When: masterpiece. Think of it as a damn thing.

In the eyes of Qin people, these treasures of the Six Kingdoms are not cherished. Here, from the writer's humiliation to trampling on things, through this series of descriptions, Qin Shihuang was mercilessly whipped.

(5) So, how many layers can this festival be divided into? (third floor)

(6) Read the second section

8. Summarize the first and second parts

In these two sections, the author wrote down the construction, scale and use of Epang Palace with concise and vivid pen and ink. Although it was not discussed, it was discussed in Syria. We'll talk about what the author said next class.

Second lesson

First, the main points of teaching

Explain the third and fourth parts and finish the exercises after class.

Second, the teaching content and steps

1. Yesterday, we discussed the first and second parts of the text. We know this is physical. Today, we will learn the third and fourth parts of keeping a diary. First, please read the third and fourth parts.

2. I left you a thinking question yesterday. Why can the six kings be finished, and the four seas can be one? Please answer it. [Ming] In the second quarter, Zhao Yan's collection of books is piling up, describing the arrogance and extravagance of six kings, and ignoring their own people. We know that water can carry a boat and also overturn it. At the end of the article, it is more clearly pointed out that it is not Qin who destroys the six countries, so that the six countries love each other and are enough to capture Qin. This is the reason why the Six Kings finished, and the reason why Qin Neng unified the four seas is self-evident. If Qin can learn from the lessons of the six countries, it will not perish soon, but how did it do it? Let's look at the third section.

3. Explain the third part

(1) The word river and lake often appears in classical Chinese. What does this mean? (Alas), a sigh leads to the following discussion.

(2) Let students translate ... The things used are like sand.

Key point: Qin: the ruler of the Qin Dynasty. Love: I like it. Read: Gu Nian.

What can we do? Take it as a sediment: omit the subject Qin and search for something instead.

Spending money; Its extended meaning is used here to refer to subtlety.

At all costs, such as sediment adverbial.

One person's heart, the hearts of thousands of people are also one person's heart, that is, the hearts of thousands of people. What is this idea? I want to live a good life. )

What does this sentence mean?

[Clear] rebuke the rulers of the Qin Dynasty for their selfishness, disregard for the people, extortion and spending money like water. [Slide]

(3) Make the pillar of the negative building dare not speak and dare to be angry, and use six sets of metaphorical parallelism sentences that make its mind more than it can do, fully exposing the extravagance of the Qin Dynasty. [Slide]

Classmate translation

Cause: cause. Nanmu: Not the field next to the guide. This is an allusion. It says that Nanmu was washed in the Book of Songs in July, because most of the fields of ancient farmers faced the south and the sun. Later in classical Chinese, nanmu was often used instead of fields.

Phosphorus, phosphorus, uneven.

Nine soils; Jiuzhou means the whole country.

Wall: city wall. City. The ancient city refers to the inner city, and Guo refers to the outer city. Together, the two words are used to represent the city.

Silent: onomatopoeic words. Here, musical instruments are described as noisy. City; Downtown, market.

Qin contributed to the unification of the four seas, but did not think about how to consolidate the political power and extort money, which made the world dare not speak and dare to be angry. We have repeatedly stressed that the people are powerful. So, what happened next? We continue to look down.

(4) Translation by classmates

Key point: single husband. Arrogant and firm: arrogant and stubborn. The usage of inductive solids: stubbornness; Reality ("Fourteen Shujian Taizong" is really fine and true (its knowledge is also real before me).

Shout: shout, extended to uprising. Lift: passive, captured. One: Numbers.

Pity: This refers to pity. Similarities and differences between ancient and modern times: worthy of pity.

Here is a summary of Qin Shihuang's ignorance, which led to the peasant uprising, the destruction of the palace, and then embarked on the road of self-destruction. How did the word "poor" in "scorched earth" reveal the author's thoughts and feelings?

[clarity] reveals the author's endless regrets. The Qin dynasty, which had a great influence in the world, soon perished under the collapse of the peasant uprising, and the Epang Palace, which covers an area of more than 300 miles, was also reduced to ashes in an instant. The Tang Dynasty was in the state of Qin. Du Mu witnessed the reality and was deeply moved. His anxiety and anger cannot be expressed in words.

(5) Read the third section

4. Explain the fourth part

Classmate translation.

Focus: race: classics, genocide. The world: refers to the people of the world.

Make: if. Love: caring, caring.

This paper summarizes the history of the Six Kingdoms and the demise of Qin Dynasty, calling it Cloud, and warns the contemporary rulers. The last sentence: Qin people are heartbroken. Who are the descendants? (Ruler of the Tang Dynasty) Jian: Take a warning.

Who are the descendants of the latter? (people after Tang rulers)

Here, the author warns the world with four sorrows and reminds those in power to love their own people.

After learning the whole text, we asked a classmate to summarize the central idea of this article.

[Clear] [Slide] By describing the construction and destruction of Epang Palace, it vividly summarizes the historical experience of the rulers of Qin dynasty who were arrogant and subjugated the country, warns the rulers of Tang dynasty, and shows the feelings of an upright literati in feudal times who are concerned about the country, the people and the world.

6. Then ask another student to summarize the writing characteristics of this article.

[Clear] (1) Imagination. The whole article is based on imagination.

(2) Metaphorically, the stars are shining and the makeup mirror is open, which makes the pillars of negative buildings more than the farmers of nanmu.

(3) exaggerating in one day, and the uneven climate makes it a pillar of negative buildings.

(4) Parallelism The second and third parts use a lot of parallelism [slides]