How to use Fuji S 1770?

Use skills of Fuji telephoto machine

1, how to use spot metering? Spot metering only applies to manual gears starting from P gear, not to automatic gears starting from AUTO gear. First turn to these files, press the function key in the middle of the camera, and the adjustment menu will appear. Then use the up and down keys to adjust to the metering position, then use the left and right keys to adjust to the metering mode with only one point in the middle, and press the function key (func) to confirm. Then press the shutter button half-way to aim at the part of the green frame that needs metering, keep the shutter half-pressed, and then press the+/-key in the upper left corner to lock the exposure. Then, release the shutter and re-compose. finally

2. What are aperture priority and shutter priority? Under what circumstances are they used respectively? As we know, Canon A series has aperture priority and shutter priority. Under what circumstances are they used respectively? The larger the aperture, the more light passes through per unit time, and vice versa. Aperture is generally expressed as the letter "F+ value", such as F5.6, F4, etc. It should be noted that the smaller the value, the larger the aperture. For example, F4 is larger than the aperture of F5.6, and the difference between two adjacent apertures is twice, which means F4 is twice as big as that passing through F5.6. Relatively speaking, the definition of shutter is very simple, that is, the time allowed for light to pass through the aperture is expressed by numerical values, such as 1/30 seconds, 1/60 seconds, etc. Similarly, the difference between two adjacent shutters is twice. The combination of aperture and shutter forms exposure, which is not unique under certain exposure conditions. For example, the current normal exposure combination is F5.6 and 1/30 seconds. If the aperture is increased by one step, that is F4, the shutter value at this time will become 1/60, and this combination can also achieve normal exposure. Although different combinations can achieve the same exposure, the pictures taken have different effects.

3. This involves the concept of "depth of field". The so-called depth of field means that when the lens focuses on the subject, the subject and its scenery before and after have a clear range, which is called depth of field.

A. When shooting portraits and landscapes, aperture is preferred. Aperture priority is to manually define the aperture size, and the camera will decide the shutter speed according to this aperture value. Because the aperture directly affects the depth of field, this mode is most widely used in ordinary shooting. When shooting portraits, we usually use large aperture and long focal length to blur the background and get a shallow depth of field, which can highlight the subject. At the same time, a larger aperture can also obtain a faster shutter value, thus improving the stability of hand-held shooting. When taking photos such as scenery, we often use a smaller aperture, so that the range of depth of field is wider, which can make the distant and nearby scenery clear, which is also applicable when shooting at night.

B, shutter priority is mostly used to shoot moving objects, such as sports, moving vehicles, waterfalls, flying objects, fireworks, water droplets, etc. Contrary to aperture priority, shutter priority is to obtain aperture value through camera metering when the shutter is defined manually. Shutter priority is mostly used to shoot moving objects, especially sports shooting. Many friends find that when shooting moving objects, the subject is often blurred, mostly because the shutter speed is not fast enough. In this case, you can use the shutter priority mode, roughly determine a shutter value, and then shoot. And the motion of the object is generally regular, then the shutter value can also be roughly estimated. For example, the shutter speed for photographing pedestrians is only1125 seconds, while it takes11000 seconds for photographing falling water droplets.

In short, in the case of aperture priority, we can easily control the depth of field by changing the aperture size, while in the case of shutter priority, using different apertures can achieve good shooting results for moving objects. Both should be used flexibly to meet our shooting needs in different situations.

4. How to take a good portrait? First of all, use telephoto, 3-4 times telephoto is very suitable for taking portraits, and the wide-angle end will make people look a little deformed and ugly. A telephoto of more than 4 times or even longer will make the face too flat and not vivid enough. Secondly, the aperture takes precedence. Choosing a large aperture can make the shutter faster, reduce jitter and make the background as blurred as possible. It is best to choose spot metering, front spot metering and exposure locking. Because other metering methods are easily affected by the color of clothes, the face exposure is not normal. Finally, the composition. Portraits should account for 1/3- 1/2, and faces should be above 1/3 (0.6 18 from bottom to top). The portrait taken in this way will be very vivid, have visual impact and make people look good.

5. Two suggestions for taking a good macro, you need to pay attention to lighting and composition skills, which we will mention in future posts. The first thing we need to master is how to shoot a clear macro lens without getting burnt. Just pay attention to the following two points. First, use a tripod. My hands are unstable and I always see a paste after zooming in, so the first one is to use a tripod. Then, use a selfie machine. We found that even if we use the bracket, when we press the shutter, we still bring jitter. The best way is to start the selfie machine.

6. How to use exposure compensation? Under what circumstances are they used respectively? Press the+-key and the exposure compensation adjustment bar will appear. Press the left and right keys to adjust the positive and negative compensation sum, one level at a time 1/3. After adjustment, press the+-key again to confirm. How to apply exposure compensation? Generally speaking, in a white environment, the photometry is low and needs to be increased, and vice versa.

A. When the shooting environment is dark and it is necessary to increase the brightness, and the flash can't work, exposure compensation can be carried out to appropriately increase the exposure.

B. When the photographed white object looks gray or not white enough in the photo, the exposure should be increased. Simply put, the whiter the more, which seems to run counter to the basic principles and habits of exposure. Actually, it is not. This is because the camera's photometry often focuses on the central subject, and the white subject will make the camera mistakenly think that the environment is very bright, so it is underexposed, which is also a common problem that most beginners are prone to make.

C, when you shoot in front of a bright background, such as in front of a sunny window, in front of a backlit scenery, etc. , increase exposure or use flash.

D. When there is a beach, snow, sunny day or white background in front of you, increase the exposure and use the flash, otherwise the subject will be very dark.

E. When shooting a snow scene, the background light is strongly reflected by the snow, and the photometric deviation of the camera is particularly large. Increase the exposure at this time, or the snow will turn gray.

F, shooting black objects, when you look at the color change and gray in the photo, you should reduce the exposure to make the black more pure.

G, when shooting in front of a black background, it is also necessary to reduce the exposure to avoid overexposure of the subject. (Night shooting needs to increase exposure compensation to get enough exposure)

H, shooting at night, to turn off the flash, improve the exposure value, extend the camera exposure time, in order to achieve gorgeous results, which is particularly important for automatic digital cameras without manual adjustment mode. Many people who use digital cameras feel that their night shooting ability is very poor. In fact, one of the important reasons is that they did not use the camera exposure method correctly.

First, when it is cloudy and foggy, the environment is still bright, but the actual object illumination is obviously insufficient. Without exposure compensation, the photo may be dim. Appropriate exposure compensation, plus 0.3 to 0.7, can make the brightness of the scene more natural.

J. In some artistic photography, such as taking high-profile photos, it is necessary to increase exposure compensation to form a photograph with great contrast and better express the author's shooting intention. Similarly, in some cases, if it is necessary to deliberately reduce the brightness of photos, the exposure compensation should also be reduced. Being good at applying and reasonably using exposure compensation can greatly improve the success rate of your photographic works, and take photos with clear pictures, appropriate brightness and comfortable viewing, thus improving the shooting quality. If the summary is incomplete, please add it.

7. What is the purpose of opening the grid lines on the screen? We know that the golden ratio of 0.6 18 can give people aesthetic feeling. Therefore, arranging the points of interest in the film on four focuses or dividing lines will give people a visual aesthetic feeling. Grid lines conveniently provide us with such a reference. In addition to the above attention to the composition of gold dots, we should also pay attention to the following points:

A, avoid straight lines running through both sides, especially avoid dividing the photo into two parts, which run through horizontal or vertical lines.

B, the treatment of vision. The horizon often appears in landscape works. In order to avoid the effect of dividing up and down, try to break the flatness of the horizon, such as using clouds, distant mountains, sunrises, sunsets or other buildings. In addition, the position of the horizon should also be arranged on the dividing line of the center of interest, and it should be kept horizontal (special creativity is another matter).

C, shooting moving objects should leave a certain space before the movement. When the subject is moving, the viewer's eyes will habitually move in the direction of the subject's movement. If there is no space in front of the movement, it will give people a sense of oppression.

In addition, usually the direction of the subject's gaze should also leave a relatively large space. Of course, in addition to paying attention to the basic principles of composition, we should also pay attention to:

A, highlight the subject Before shooting, you should "make up your mind" as before painting, and consider what the photo screen mainly shows and where the subject is arranged. Then through light, color, line, shape and other modeling means, to achieve the purpose of highlighting the main body.

B, visual balance A photo with a balanced composition can give people a sense of stability and coordination. There are two kinds of balance: symmetric balance and asymmetric balance. Asymmetric balanced combinations are usually more dynamic than symmetric balanced combinations. The size, shape, weight and direction of the scene, as well as the color, have an important influence on the visual balance.

C the contrast between reality and reality refers to the clarity and ambiguity between the subject and the foreground and background of the space. The technique used is nothing more than hiding the virtual and showing the real, alternating the virtual and the real, and supporting the real with the virtual. Its purpose is to highlight the main body, render the atmosphere and enhance the sense of space depth. Reality mainly represents the subject of the subject; Imagination is mainly to show the subject's companions to set off the subject, which is an important link in the artistic conception of the picture. Pay attention to the composition of rhythm and melody photography, and the subjects appear alternately in the same or similar form and repeat in order, thus forming rhythm; If the rhythm shows dynamic changes such as lines, comfort, harmony and ups and downs, it becomes a melody, thus making the picture beautiful, lyrical and smooth. Rhythm and melody are important links to deepen the theme, which are included in the contrast and tone of lines, colors and light.

D, line use line is the skeleton of composition. Any visual work is inseparable from lines. There are usually trees, grass, telephone poles, rivers, waves and so on. Different lines can give people different visual images, for example, horizontal lines can express stability and tranquility, vertical lines can express solemnity and strength, diagonal lines have vitality, vitality and movement, and curves and wavy lines appear weak, leisurely and attractive; Thick line is heavy, thin line is light, thick line is strong, thin line is weak, solid line is static and dotted line is moving, which can be used flexibly in composition.

8. What are the common accessories? How to choose?

A. the memory card is usually Kinston or kingmax. Please format them when you buy them. Check compatibility first, but capacity. After 5 12 megabytes, the capacity is generally 482-489, and the bigger the better. The smaller the capacity, the more disconnected the storage circuit. Preferably a speed higher than 60.

B the rechargeable battery pack can be 2200mA, 2300mA or 2500mA. It is best to bring a plastic battery box (1 yuan each) to hold 4 batteries from the original factory, which is convenient for going out and used as a spare battery.

C, tripod is not a professional photography, just buy a general light. Macro and night view are also necessary.

D, as long as the card reader is 2.0, there is no technology and there is no need to pay attention to the brand.

E, with a brush to blow clean dust should use air to blow clean first, then brush clean. Don't use paper as soon as you come up and damage the lens. It is not recommended to scrub the lens or LCD with lens liquid. If you buy an unreliable product, you may wash the lens and screen. The screen is dirty, just wipe it gently with silk dipped in some water.

9. How to shoot before sunset or on a cloudy day? No matter day or night, we can get the desired effect, and the automatic white balance is very accurate. But only during the time around sunset, or in cloudy weather, the film is foggy, which is not ideal. The following experiences were gained through experiments. In this case, the white balance needs to be adjusted. Go to the manual gear at the beginning of P gear, press the function key, press the arrow key, select AWB, then select cloudy day, and press the function key to confirm the exit. Try again. Did you get the effect we wanted? If you are still not satisfied, please set manual white balance.

10, what does your camera do? You will tell me, record the wonderful moments in life, travel souvenirs for later memories, personal one-inch or two-inch standard photos, what else? I often use macro to photograph the material structure under the electron microscope, and also use macro to photograph the material. For example, when I find the information I need in the reference room, I use its macro function and resolution of 640*480 to take pictures, which is much more convenient than handwriting, and then use the text recognition software to identify it as a text version, which is convenient for text editing. You can also take pictures of the materials that need to be faxed and send them by email, which is very convenient. How do you use it?

1 1. Why are the photos not clear? It often happens that a friend who just got a camera took a few photos, but the photos were not clear. Why? First of all, because you are out of focus, you need to press the shutter half. Only when a green border appears on the subject to be photographed can we focus accurately. Then, press the shutter completely for composition, so that your film will be clear. Even if we are skilled in the operation, there is often no green box (orange box). Generally, the light is dim at this time, so it is necessary to adjust the shooting mode, change the angle, increase the light and turn on the flash to overcome it. If none of the above methods work, you can also use manual focusing, which we introduced in the previous post. There is also a factor that affects the clarity of the film, that is, hand shaking, ghosting, resulting in unclear film. This situation can only be overcome by tripods and selfie machines.

12. How do we get various parameters for reference when taking pictures? For films that others are satisfied with, I always want to know how to set various parameters when shooting, such as how much exposure time? What is the aperture? How to set the sensitivity and flash? I want to know about metering mode, focal length, white balance, shooting time, exposure compensation, compression ratio, camera model and so on. It's easy. Download a plug-in exif under the browser at /soft/ 19388.htm, then install it and restart the computer. Well, you can use it. Open a picture in the browser, right-click the picture, and select the option to view exif information from the pop-up menu. All the information is there. Look at that.

13, how to judge whether the exposure is correct? For a picture, it needs to be exposed accurately first, and then the composition is conceived. How to judge the accuracy of exposure? Browse mode, display, press it several times, and the image will be very small, with wavy lines on the lower left and parameters on the right. The wavy line is the so-called histogram, which is concentrated on the left and the image is underexposed; The wavy line is concentrated on the right side and overexposed; Uniform distribution in the middle is accurate exposure. For details, please refer to page 19 of the Camera User's Guide. We need to get into the habit of observing histograms, especially when we are not sure about exposure in the dark.

14. How to reduce the picture? The original picture is generally large, so it is not convenient to upload it to the Internet or communicate with netizens. How can I reduce pictures? You can use the commonly used software acdsee for adjustment, which is very convenient. Open a picture with acdsee, click Menu-Adjust Size to Modify, then select the pixel width on the right and fill in the value you want to change (for example, 800), then the length pixel will change automatically, then click Finish, click File-Save As on the menu, fill in a new name, and then check whether the size is much smaller.

15, spot metering is to determine a point in the green box? In fact, this is a misunderstanding of the measuring point.

1, spot metering. The spot measurement area accounts for about 2-3% of the whole film, which is basically the part in the green box. Spot metering is basically not affected by the brightness of other scenes outside the metering area, and it is convenient to detect various areas of the subject or background by using spot metering. Point photometry has high sensitivity and accuracy. But in any case, it must be remembered that in order to achieve accurate exposure, the metering object should meet the requirements of 18% gray scale.

2. The central government pays attention to the average level. The central focus average photometry mainly measures the brightness within the rectangular or circular (oval) range in the center of the viewfinder screen, and other areas of the screen give average photometry. The brightness outside the rectangular or circular (oval) range has little effect on the photometric results. As for the central area, it varies from camera to camera, accounting for about 20-30% of the whole picture. Because the appropriate exposure value is read according to the brightness of the most important object in the center of the picture, it is obvious that the accuracy of this metering system is higher than that of ordinary metering. Central key metering system is generally used for mid-range small digital cameras, and this metering mode is more suitable for portrait photography.

3. Intelligent measurement. Nine-point intelligence is to measure light in different areas, and then calculate and compare the light measurement information in each area through the microcomputer in the camera, and infer whether the light receiving state of the subject is backlight or general illumination with reference to the position of the subject, so as to determine the weighting ratio of light measurement in each area, and calculate the appropriate exposure value after all the weighting.

★ How to shoot children indoors? This situation is a bit troublesome. First, give priority to the aperture, and adjust the aperture to the maximum; Second, arrange the lights. Although we can't use the flash, we can take the children to a brighter place near the window. If we can use the desk lamp at night, we can wait for the light. Children often move around, so you can consider manual focusing. First lock the spotlight, adjust the focal length, then press the shutter halfway, and then press the shutter quickly when the child has an interesting and lovely expression.

★ What can I do to blur the background? Consumer digital cameras are not particularly suitable for blurred backgrounds. However, under the existing conditions, we can still do something. First of all, the aperture is given priority, and the aperture is adjusted to the maximum (that is, the value after F is the smallest, such as F2.8); The greater the focal length, the greater the blur, the better; The person or thing that arranges the foreground is as far away from the background as possible; If the above is still not ideal, you can achieve satisfaction through post-processing, click on the background in PS, and then set the parameters with the fuzzy filter. At present, the best ps technology for background blur is this. Deduct the picture with knock out filter, and then blur the background with fuzzy lens. The effect is realistic, which is said to be equivalent to a SLR lens. Because I have been using photoshop under win98 system, I haven't tried these two filters. Please write an operation guide for friends who have tried it, thank you.

★ How to take pictures on TV? Sometimes, when we see wonderful pictures on TV, we naturally want to photograph them. How can I film them well? The TV image consists of 525 ray scanning lines, and the whole screen is scanned at a speed of about 1/25 seconds (refreshed at a speed of about 25 frames per second). So when shooting TV pictures, if the shutter speed is not appropriate, there will be a black belt, because there is no scanning at the moment of exposure. In order to avoid black belt, the appropriate shutter speed is1/8 ~115, and the shutter priority mode should be used in exposure. In addition, if you don't use TVCC filter, the color of the photos will be blue and cold. It can be adjusted by post-processing.

★ How to shoot the baby? When taking pictures of your baby, remember to attract him with something he is interested in, so that you can take a more natural expression. The flash is too strong for the newborn baby's eyes. It is best not to use the flash. You can adjust the sensitivity to 200 and shoot in the light. It is best to hold the child in a well-lit place. If the weather is bad, you can light it with a desk lamp. If you must use a flash, you can't let the flash point directly at the child's eyes. It is best to cover a paper towel or gauze on the flash. Baby's clothes are mostly white and light-colored, so if you use intelligent photometry or center average when shooting, you need to make exposure correction (+1), or just use spot photometry to measure your child's face. The focus of shooting should be on the child's eyes. The shooting distance is 50 cm to 150 cm, and telephoto is the best. You can observe the child's face from different angles and try to find a better angle.

★ What should I pay attention to when shooting from a tour bus? Most of us choose to travel in groups. When traveling, the time in the car is also an important part of the trip, so it can also be a good shooting time. The same scenery, taken from a moving car and taken outside the car, often gives people different feelings. When shooting from the inside out in a moving car, pay attention to the following points:

1, don't put your wrist on the window frame or seat back when shooting, because there will always be some tremor when the vehicle is driving, which is easy to cause virtual images such as hand tremor.

2. Don't shoot at the window with sunlight, because white clothes are easy to reflect on the window glass. You can ask for a temporary change of seat and come back after the filming.

3. For sightseeing bus, the most suitable seat for shooting is the front seat. First, because the vision is wide, and second, because the front glass is often cleaned, it is the cleanest. And the vibration of the front seat is relatively slight than that of the back seat.

★ What should I pay attention to when taking pictures of pets? Please note the following points:

● When shooting small animals, the focus must be on the eyes. This must be noted.

The height of the camera should be similar to the line of sight of animals, which is the basic posture for shooting the world of small animals. If you shoot from a relatively high altitude, there will be a sense of oppression, and the cuteness of small animals will be greatly reduced-of course, this is only the general situation.

● In order to express the texture of wool, it is best to use natural light. Direct light and smooth light are not easy to express texture, so it is best to shoot against the light for the strongest texture. When the shadow is too strong, you may need to fill the light. Pay attention to the red-eye elimination function when filling the light at night.

Animals are too alert to chase and pat. When shooting, the action should be slow, soft and not too hasty. If you have time, try to gain the trust of animals so that you can shoot as close as possible.

● If you want to shoot a better expression, you'd better use a zoom of 50 ~ 100 mm, which is equivalent to our zoom of 6 10/620 10.4-29.2.

● Cats as pets and cats in the wild have different personalities because of different living environments. At the same time, the relationship with the people around you is different. Seeing the world from the perspective of wild cats is also a good photographic subject. Of course, when shooting this theme, sometimes a wide-angle lens may be used to better reflect the relationship between animals and their surroundings.

★ How to shoot the waterfall? Let's list a few principles first:

1, shutter speed, generally need a slower speed, between1/60-110 seconds. Specifically, according to the amount of water, the large amount of water can be faster and the small amount can be slower.

2. Try to shoot with a wide angle. Wide angle will shoot momentum.

3, generally from the bottom up, as low as possible.

4. Correct exposure. Use spot metering to test the darkest part of the shooting scene and the details I can clearly distinguish, and then adjust the two-level light value by increasing the shutter speed. For example, photometry shows that the exposure combination of stone is 1/60s, and the aperture is f/5.6, which can be adjusted to115s and f/5.6. Then re-shoot, the photo will be darker, but the details are still very clear.

★ The experience of taking group photos.

A, the best aperture of aperture priority mode. The best aperture is neither the maximum nor the minimum, and it is generally the aperture between F5-7 and 7.

B, zoom to 10.4 or so, that is, the position of the standard lens is 50MM, and the zoom section * * * has 9 levels and 8 levels, which is probably the zoom after wide-angle adjustment.

C, overhead is better than overhead, but not too low. The lenses should be at the same height as the eyes in the first row, unless there are multiple rows. The more lines, the greater the depth of field.

D, try to fill the viewfinder. Generally, the viewfinder of a camera has a little margin, so printing is generally no problem, at least scanning at the bottom is no problem. Never try to include the scenery beside or behind. People occupy a small picture, which is not the purpose of taking a group photo.

E, it is best to follow the light, because the requirements of group photos and art photos are different. The exposure is accurate, no one closes their eyes and there is no cover. Naturally, even if the expression is successful, it is ok to be a little unnatural. Side lights tend to produce shadows between each other. If the face is exposed in reverse light, the background and edges are overexposed and the details are lost. Thin clouds or cloudy weather should be used outdoors. Too much sunlight can cause squinting and frowning. I haven't filmed indoors, and the lighting is certainly more free than in the sun. It is unrealistic to fill the light with reflector, so it is not considered.

F, according to the color of people's clothes for exposure compensation.

G, it is best to use a tripod.

H, take more pictures, it is inevitable that someone will blink. Try to be natural, not like the Politburo Standing Committee.

First, focus on the crowd near the camera 1/3. Line 2 has 4 or 5 lines, and line 1 has 2 or 3 lines.

★ Skills of Shooting Flowers You should pay attention to some skills when shooting flowers well. We say that spraying some water before shooting can increase the layering and delicate green feeling of flowers. In addition, the following points should be noted: 1. It is best to use spot metering as a metering method to measure the brightest part of the flower, so as to clearly show the overall details of the flower. 2. The best shooting mode is aperture priority, which can appropriately control the background blur or control the depth of field. 3, shooting angle, don't just shoot the front, you can shoot 7 or 8 from different angles at the same time. So you can choose the most beautiful angle. 4. Background. Choose flowers with dark background (such as thick leaves, dark walls, etc.). ) as a subject. Put a big piece of black cloth behind the flower, stay away from the flower and look at the pattern closer. The method of placing black cloth can be directly laid flat on the ground and hung behind the flowers, or it can be placed on a board and stood behind the flowers. In post-production, change the background color to black or other colors in Photoshop.

★ How to shoot a good waterscape Photographers often enjoy themselves in rivers, lakes and seas by boat. Shooting waterscape is also an interesting activity, but it also has its own unique shooting requirements. Generally, when shooting waterscape, you can't be underexposed. Because the natural water source is often set off by the sky, the reflection is strong, just like a huge luminous body. When shooting, if you only rely on the camera's photometric instructions to deal with the exposure, there will often be underexposure, because the brightness of the sky is very different from that of the general scenery. When shooting a waterscape with sky reflection, at least 2 exposures should be added according to the camera metering instructions. Attention should be paid to the use of light when shooting the picture of wave ship shadow, and the subject should be highlighted according to the relationship between light and shade in the picture. In order to make the water features have special effects. One method is to use a high-speed shutter, such as11000 seconds, to condense moving water, such as waves. Proper framing and exposure may get the effect of spraying beads and splashing jade, and we can often see similar techniques in some photos showing waves. Another method is to obtain the illusion and confusion of running water in the picture with the help of a slow shutter. The photos taken in this way are very distinctive in artistic features, and the flowing water often presents a feeling as ethereal as a cloud. The attached picture was taken at the entrance of a village in Jiangxi Province. This place is actually not very good, but through the slow shutter action, the flowing water of the stream has a new charm, making an originally ordinary mountain village scene interesting. It must be pointed out that in order to reflect the sense of movement of running water, the shutter speed needs to be selected according to the speed of running water. If the running water speed is fast, the shutter speed should be high and the shutter speed should be low. When choosing a low-speed shutter, it is best to use a tripod to stabilize the camera, so as not to shake the camera and affect the picture clarity. If you have a telephoto lens, you can also use it to compress the space and shoot ripples in the water. When the radio wave is compressed by the telephoto lens, it will show a very rhythmic line, which is wonderful.