Details of the Battle of Moscow (an important battle in the Soviet-German War)

The Battle of Moscow (Russian: битваподмосквой, German: Schlachtum Moscow), also known as the Battle of Moscow, refers to the first time.

The war started at 194 1 10 and lasted until 1942 10. The defence of Moscow includes a series of defensive campaigns (1941September 30th-65438+February 5th) and offensive campaigns (1941February 5th) carried out by the Soviet Union to smash the assault group of the German "Central" army group that attacked Moscow. The battle ended in the victory of the Soviet Red Army. The Soviet victory in Moscow declared Hitler's myth of "Blitzkrieg Invincible" shattered.

Basic introduction name: Moscow campaign location: western and northern Moscow peripheral time:1941September 30th-19421/October 7th. Participants: Soviet Union, Nazi Germany Results: Soviet Union held Moscow and German Blitzkrieg failed. Troops of participants: The data all started from 19465433.

There are about 654.38+00000 Germans, all kinds of guns.

About 1.25 million Soviet personnel and various artillery casualties: about 58 1.900 German casualties.

There were about 650,000 Soviet casualties. Main commanders: German army: Bok, guderian, Holt, Soviet army: zhukov, Aleksandr Vasilevsky, German side, Soviet side, process, campaign, tenacious resistance, re-attack, Soviet counterattack, result, influence, controversy, Soviet elaborate deployment, Soviet leading cadres fled in the early stage, and the German army could not see the Kremlin. 194 1 is not very cold in winter. Commemoration and Background On June 22nd, Nazi Germany and its allies invaded the Soviet Union, which surprised the Soviet Union and the leadership of the Soviet Red Army. The Germans used blitzkrieg tactics to quickly penetrate Soviet territory. The armored forces pushed forward in a pincer-like manner, first isolating and then completely destroying the Soviet Red Army. German northern army group advanced to Leningrad, southern army group conquered Ukraine and Caucasus highlands, and central army group advanced to Moscow. The defense line of the Soviet Red Army soon collapsed, causing casualties. 1941In early August, the Germans captured Smolensk, which was an important stronghold on the road to Moscow, but the fighting in Smolensk hindered the German offensive until mid-September, effectively disintegrating the blitzkrieg tactics. Later, guderian's armored forces arrived on the outskirts of Moscow, but Hitler, the Nazi German head of state, ordered him to turn to the south to support the attack of the southern army group commanded by Lundstedt on Kiev, the Ukrainian capital. 1941September, after the Germans captured Minsk, the capital of Belarus, and Kiev, Ukraine, they concentrated their forces on attacking Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union. First of all, some troops of the northern and southern army groups will be concentrated in the central army group. (The offensive of the Northern Army Group in Leningrad was contained, and it was never possible to break through the Soviet defense near Leningrad, so most of the armored divisions and motorized divisions belonging to the Northern Army Group were transferred to Moscow. ) The plan for this "Typhoon" operation was mainly worked out through consultation between the German High Command and Bauck's Central Army Group, and all the plans were approved by Hitler. German intelligence agencies' judgment on the Soviet Red Army troops deployed in front of Moscow is highly accurate, but there are still some imperfections. It is considered that the battle sequence of the Soviet Red Army is as follows: there are 7 army groups of Timoshenko Army in front and 2 army groups of Emenkobronsk Army in the south. I know nothing about the Soviet Red Army in the rear. The strength of the western front army is estimated to be 70 to 100 divisions, which proved to be almost the same as the actual strength. The defense line hastily built in the direction of the capital Moscow is easy to find from the air. Bok's task is to annihilate the Soviet army before attacking Moscow. The basic content of the German plan is to take the Smolensk-Moscow line as the central datum line and divide it into two pincers to surround it. The two armies will meet at Viazhma, about 80 miles behind the Soviet Union. On the Soviet side, since July, the Soviet Union has requisitioned migrant workers to build fortifications on two defense lines west of Moscow. More than three quarters of migrant workers are women. The former line of defense is called the Viazma line of defense. Its northernmost point is about 30 miles east of Tashkov, not far from Valdai Mountain, passing through the area west of Viazma, and its southernmost point is south of Kirov, with a total length of more than 200 miles. The latter line, known as the Mozhsk Line, is about 80 miles west of Moscow, and it is about 160 miles long from Volokoramsk to Tikhfen. In addition, there are four arc defense lines to the west of Moscow. At the same time, the Soviet Union deployed troops from Central Asia and the Far East to defend Moscow. (Because the Japanese main rival in the Far East is the United States rather than the exact information of the Soviet Union, Marshal zhukov of the Soviet Union mobilized a large number of troops from the Far East to consolidate the defense of the capital Moscow. ) In addition, the Soviet Union also used tank ambush, which was first proposed by katukov and mainly carried out near Mzensk. The real-time proof of tank ambush is still very useful Katukov won the time to consolidate Tula's defense and weakened guderian's offensive against southern Moscow. According to the "Typhoon" plan, the German 2nd Armored Cluster was in the direction of Bryansk, and the 3rd and 4th Armored Clusters 1 were in the direction of Vyazma, and they started to attack one after another. Despite the tenacious resistance of the Soviet Red Army, the Germans broke through the defense line. The German Second Army broke through the 50th Army line of the Soviet Red Army and captured Bryansk in late September of 194 1. Orel fell on October 3rd, 65438/KLOC-0. The Germans marched along the Orel-Tula Highway. In the direction of Viarima, west of Moscow, the western front army and the reserve army fought a tough defensive war. On October 7th, 65438/KLOC-0, the Germans arrived in Viarima, and most of the troops of the two armies were trapped and stubbornly resisted until June 1213. 13, most of the Soviet Viazhma Regiment was destroyed, some of the besieged troops later broke through, and some stayed behind enemy lines to carry out guerrilla struggle. After Bryansk's army fell into the predicament surrounded by fighting, it also lost ground. On the 23rd, most of the Bryansk Group of the Soviet Red Army was wiped out. The Germans captured 580,000 people of the Soviet Red Army in the battle of Vyazma-Bryansk. Only 85,000 Soviet soldiers stood out from the German defence. But in fact, after occupying Smolensk, Hitler insisted that the Central Army besiege Leningrad to the north and attack Ukraine to the south, which led the Germans to lay down their weapons and aim at Moscow 194 1 on September 30, which actually bought time for the Soviet Union to consolidate its defense near Moscow. 1in the middle of October, the German Central Army ended its siege of the Soviet army in Vyazma. At this time, zhukov sent a batch of new troops to Moscow. At this time, the autumn rain season began; The muddy road brought inconvenience to both armies. It hindered both the German attack and the defense of the Soviet Red Army. Many chariots of both sides were stuck in the mud, and some vehicles needed to be pulled out by tanks. (1It may not snow at the beginning of October. ) Stubborn resistance to defend Moscow Poster Moskovski Line became the main resistance area near the ground in Moscow, and the Soviet High Command took various emergency measures to defend the capital. 194110/On 9 October, Moskovski Defense Command acquired five newly formed machine gun battalions,10 anti-tank artillery regiments and five tank brigades, which were reorganized into the 5th Army under the command of General Leryushenko. 194101June 17, in order to improve the command ability of the army, the western army and the reserve army were merged into a new western army, with General zhukov as the commander. On the same day, according to zhukov's suggestion, the 22nd, 29th, 30th, 3rd1Army, which covers the northwest of Moscow, was established as Kalinin Army, with General konev as the commander, and the army command organ was rebuilt on the basis of the original 10 Army Command. After zhukov took office, he set out to build a new defense line in Volokoramsk-Moscovici-Xiao yaroslav-Kaluga, and set up the second echelon and army reserve. And managed to deploy 14 infantry division, 16 tank brigade and more than 40 artillery regiments, and quickly rebuilt the fifth, 16, 43 and 49 army groups, but the total strength was still only over 90,000. He also paid special attention to sending experienced generals to all major directions in Moscow. Among them, rokossovsky's 16 Army marched toward Volokoramsk, Leryushenko's 5th Army was in Moskovski, Yefelemev's 33rd Army was in the direction of NarofMinsk, the 43rd Army was in Xiao yaroslav, and the 49th Army was defending in Kaluga and other places. Moscow citizens have also been mobilized. In three days, 25 workers' camps,1.20,000 militia divisions and 1.69 street fighting regiments were organized, and 600,000 people were mobilized to build three fortifications around Moscow, of which three quarters were women. By 10, women and children alone had built 700 kilometers of anti-tank trenches, excavated more than 3 million cubic meters of soil and built more than 3,800 temporary and fixed bunkers. Moscow, which is in a defensive state, is tightly blocked by roadblocks, roadblocks and fortifications, and there is a serious shortage of food. During the period of 65438+1mid-October-165438+1early October, during many fierce battles in the defensive areas of Moskovski, the Soviet Red Army stubbornly resisted the dominant German army and blocked them in Rama River, Ruzha River and Nala River. Moscow evacuated many institutions and the most important enterprises; On the outskirts of Moscow, the number of German infantry divisions decreased by one third, 194 1 10. 1On October 20th, the National Defense Commission imposed martial law in Moscow and its vicinity. The authorities ordered residents to build fortifications on the streets, even near the Kremlin, and set up new militia divisions to prepare for street fighting throughout the city. 194110/On October 23rd, the remnants of the Bryansk army under the command of General Eremenko were besieged, but guderian's tanks were still in hot pursuit and approached Tula, an important military city on the left. Due to the persistence of the Red Army soldiers of the 50 th Army and the Tula militia, the Germans never broke through the Tula defense line, which greatly extended the German right wing and made it impossible to fight with sufficient tactical density in the frontal middle. 165438+1At the beginning of October, the Soviet Red Army in Moscow was supplemented by 65438+10,000 people, 300 tanks and 2000 cannons. 194 1 year165438+1October 7th, 24th anniversary military parade. By that time, Nazi German troops had arrived. In order to improve the morale of the people and the army, Stalin held a military parade in Red Square19411.7 and delivered a famous speech. He said, "Our country is being invaded, and all Soviet citizens and troops will spare no effort to defend Soviet land and villages." This speech was broadcast on all radio stations in the Soviet Union that day. The military parade was originally scheduled for1October 7th165438+10, and was advanced to1October 7th 194 1 18+00. This military parade is of great significance. The Soviet Union showed the world its determination to fight to the end. Soviet troops were inspected in front of the Kremlin and then went straight to the front. The Soviet Red Army strengthened the western army with reserves and supplementary troops. Bryansk's army retreated. All the troops were ordered to guard the occupied areas and prevent the Germans from bypassing Moscow from the northwest and southwest. After the second attack 1 1 month, the snow on the ground in Moscow was nearly 1 meter thick. In order not to be discovered by the German Air Force, the troops opened the road along the shortest path. The simplest tool for opening the road was a horse-drawn roller and a shunt point was set up. Snow drifts 2-3 meters high are erected on both sides of the road, and cars are painted white, which is difficult for high-altitude reconnaissance planes to find. 165438+ 10/3, German Chief of Staff Hadl held a meeting of chiefs of staff of all regiments at the headquarters of the Central Army Group and issued "194 1 autumn attack order". The Central Army Group concentrated 5 1 division for this purpose. As a frontal attack task is Kruger's fourth army; On the left are Hult's 3rd Panzer Corps and hoppner's 4th Panzer Corps, whose tasks are to surround Moscow from the north and west respectively. So the German third and fourth armored clusters were redeployed to the northern line near Kalinin and Volokramsk. Their troops bypassed the Istrad Reservoir and occupied Kling and Sorni Nogol. On the right, guderian's 2nd Panzer Corps surrounded Moscow from the south. They broke through the Tula line, but were delayed for several hours by a squadron of the Soviet Red Army. After the tenacious defense and repeated counterattacks of the Soviet Red Army from the end of/kloc-0 to the beginning of February, the last attempt of the German army to attack Moscow was declared bankrupt. Although the Soviet Red Army was often in a critical state, it finally persisted and consumed the German army. 194 1 year 1 year1October 16 to1February 5, the Germans were killed or injured near Moscow15,500 people. It is said that hoppner pushed the locomotive soldiers of the Engineering Battalion forward and rushed into a suburb only 8 kilometers away from the center of Moscow on 194 1 year1October 30th. One view is that all the locomotive soldiers were killed, and the other view is that they will all retreat soon. The winter of 194 1-1942 is extremely cold even by Russian standards. Because of the long front, insufficient supplies and excessive campaign consumption, the Germans have neither established defensive positions nor campaign reserves, and are not prepared for winter operations. 165438+1winter in early October. Although roads can be used, the German army lacks equipment in winter, because they think the war can be ended before winter. Warm clothes and white camouflage uniforms are not enough, and vehicles such as tanks can't move because of the low temperature. The morale of the Soviet Red Army is high. For the Soviet Red Army in Moscow, the situation is just the opposite. The Soviet Red Army from Siberia has long been accustomed to life in cold areas and has enough winter combat equipment. Their guns are covered with warm coats and coated with antifreeze lubricating oil. Have enough cotton-padded clothes, leather boots and winter hats to protect your ears. By1October 29th, the German army was a spent force, and the attacks from all directions were contained. At this time, zhukov asked Stalin to transfer the reserve 10 army, the 20th army and 1 assault army to the western front. At this time, the Soviet troops were 165438+ 10,000, with 7652 guns, 774 tanks and more than 65438+ 10,000 planes. The Germans * * * have 1.7 million men, 13500 cannons, 1 170 tanks and 6 15 planes. Although the German army has more troops than the Soviet army, it is unstable because of its long front and scattered forces. The conditions for the Soviet Red Army to turn to counterattack and crush the Germans at the gates of Moscow have been met. Stalin appointed Lieutenant General Aleksandr Vasilevsky as Acting Chief of Staff and ordered him to draw up a counterattack plan immediately. The guiding ideology of the Soviet Red Army's counterattack was to crush the most dangerous assault groups that threatened Moscow from the north and the south respectively. The basic task of counter-offensive was handed over to the western front army. Kalinin Army and Southwest Army carried out raids in its north and south respectively. Soviet counterattack 194 1 year165438+1October 29th, zhukov called Stalin to order a counterattack, and that night, Stalin ordered a counterattack assault. But this did not attract the attention of Germany. 19411February 4th, the German Central Army Group concluded that the Soviet Union was unable to launch a large-scale counterattack. By194165438+February 5, the 30th Army of Kalinin Army had taken the lead in turning to the counter-offensive, and the German offensive capability was obviously invalid. The flank of the German armored cluster was badly damaged, and the attacking Soviet troops were forced to retreat in the direction of Kling. The Battle of Moscow19411February 6, the troops of the western front launched a counterattack against the Germans in both north and south directions, and the Germans were repelled from the vicinity of Moscow under the double attack of climate and Soviet troops. On the evening of February 6, Tula's guderian department decided to return to the original line of defense. Hitler signed an order, and the entire Soviet-German battlefield, including Moscow, turned to defense. On February 9th, 65438+, the Red Army of the Soviet Union liberated Rogachevo, Istrad on June 10, Solnich Nogol on June 2nd, Kling on June 5th, Kalinin on June 6th and Volokoramsk on June 20th. 19 February 19, Hitler was relieved of his post as commander-in-chief of the army, brauchitsch, and he himself served as commander-in-chief of the army. He issued an order saying, "Everyone should stand in his present position and fight back. When there is no established position in the rear, it is absolutely not allowed to retreat. " Although the German generals repeatedly demanded to retreat, guderian and Hepner were both dismissed for withdrawing without authorization, but Hitler thought that they could never retreat, otherwise they would make the same mistakes as Napoleon. Although it was because of his stubbornness that this campaign came to the brink of fiasco, it was also because of his stubbornness that he did not jump into this abyss. Undoubtedly, because he refused to withdraw from the Soviet Union or the area east of Smolensk, his army avoided a catastrophe more terrible than 18 12. Hitler's plan is different from Napoleon's. Instead of retreating all the way, he moved to the rear and turned the original supply line into a resistance stronghold. By the end of 65438+February, in the southwest of Moscow, the Soviet Red Army had recovered Kaluga. In the northwest, Kalinin was also recovered by the Soviet Red Army. In the southeast, the Soviet Red Army lifted the German siege of Tula. After the Battle of Moscow, the Soviet Red Army won its first great victory since the outbreak of the Soviet-German War. The Germans lost more than 500,000 people, 1300 tanks, 2,500 cannons, 1500 cars and a lot of other equipment. The Germans had to turn Blitzkrieg into a protracted war. 1942 65438+1October 7th, the Soviet red army recaptured Kalinin, north of Moscow. 1 At the beginning of the year, we completed the counterattack in the strategic direction of the western region. The exhausted Germans have retreated to 100 to 250 kilometers away. 38 German divisions, including 15 Tank Division and Motorized Division, suffered heavy losses. The assault group that attacked Moscow was defeated, which made the Germans panic. Hitler demanded to defend every residential area and never retreat until the last soldier died. Due to the lack of experience in carrying out large-scale offensive operations and the lack of rapid corps, the Soviet Red Army failed to complete the task of encircling the basic forces of the "Central" army group. At the beginning of February, the German reinforcements from Western Europe (12 Division and 2 Brigade) and the North Wing of the Central Army Group launched counterattacks respectively, and the situation of the Soviet Red Army deteriorated. The high command of the Soviet Red Army ordered the western front to turn to defense and withdraw the peripheral combat troops, and the battle ended here. 1942 In April, the number of German casualties attacking Moscow reached 500,000, and they were driven by the Soviet Red Army to an area 350 kilometers away from Moscow 100 or even. The Soviet Union paid heavy casualties and captured more than 700,000 people, but it won the final victory in the defense of Moscow. In the counterattack, due to the evacuation of some large factories in Moscow, the Soviet army lacked ammunition in the counterattack, forcing the Soviet army to stop the counterattack, otherwise it might annihilate more Germans. As a result, the Soviet Red Army liberated a series of regions and cities, such as Rogachevo and Belev, and suffered huge losses. The defeat of the Germans demoralized them. In the winter war, 35 senior generals, Marshal brauchitsch, commander-in-chief of the army, were suspended, and Marshal Bok was removed from the post of commander-in-chief of the Central Army and replaced by Kruger. Hoppner was expelled from the army and deprived of the right to wear military uniform and receive a pension. General guderian was suspended until 1943 returned to the army in February, and General Strauss was dismissed or suspended. In the battle of Moscow, the Germans lost more than 500,000 troops, surrendered 90,000, and lost tanks10.3 million, 2,500 guns, cars10.5 million and other technical equipment. The loss of these personnel is immeasurable. Since then, the battle of Lezhev-Sychovka has started. The battle of Moscow broke the myth that Hitler boasted that the Germans were invincible, which was the beginning of the demise of the German Eastern Front. The failure of the battle of Moscow in Germany laid the foundation for the battle of Stalingrad, which was the turning point of World War II. The victory of this war made Britain and the United States, both anti-fascist countries, realize that the Soviet Union is the country they must unite to defeat fascism, which greatly improved the international status of the Soviet Union in military and political aspects, and also promoted the formation of the anti-fascist alliance. Germany suffered a major strategic defeat for the first time in the battle of Moscow! Nazi Germany's plan to conquer the Soviet Union soon went bankrupt, and the victory in defending Moscow broke the myth that the Germans were invincible and caused irreparable material losses. The defeat of the Germans in the battle of Moscow marked the complete bankruptcy of Hitler's Blitzkrieg. This was the first big defeat of the Germans in World War II. The victory of the Soviet Red Army greatly encouraged the Soviet people and the people of the world to win the anti-fascist war. The controversial Soviet army carefully guarded some historical works, saying that Stalin was unprepared for the German lightning attack on Moscow. This statement is inconsistent with the facts. After World War II, Anastas anastas mikoyan, a member of the Soviet People's Committee, recalled: Although Stalin was convinced that the Germans would invade Moscow at that time, he still made a plan to guard closely, hold off the enemy and wait for the arrival of Siberian reinforcements. 194110/0 12, the Soviet people's Committee of internal affairs set up 20 cheka combat teams to guard the Kremlin, the Belarusian railway station, the hunting market and other important targets. In order to carry out underground resistance movement in the future, 59 secret arsenals were established in various parts of Moscow, and nearly 105 hectares of forest were cut down near Moscow to slow down the pace of the German army. There are a lot of anti-aircraft guns on the high buildings and anti-aircraft balloons in mid-air. At night, martial law and lighting control were implemented in cities and cities, and mines were laid in advance in Moscow Grand Theatre, Central Telegraph Office Building, MRT and National Hotel. Even an explosive device was installed in St. Vassili's Cathedral, because it was speculated that Hitler would probably visit this famous scenic spot after the German army captured Moscow. In view of Moscow's elaborate defense, the British historian Nicholas Ridders predicted in 1954 that if German soldiers really invaded Moscow, there would be a people's war similar to the Battle of Stalingrad. The Nazi army will be exhausted by the protracted street fighting. Finally, Soviet reinforcements from the Far East will arrive, the Germans will be forced to surrender, and the war will end early in 1943! Early Soviet leading cadres fled. The official film and television works of the Soviet Union in World War II show that when the Germans approached Moscow, the people of the whole city were on the verge of an enemy, and countless volunteers joined the battle and spontaneously defended their homes. But in fact, in the early days of the defending war in Moscow, many officials and people chose to abandon the city and flee. 194110/0/0 16, the Soviet national defense commission adopted the resolution of "evacuating the residents of the Soviet capital". Many people understand it as: Moscow city was handed over to the Germans soon. The city soon became chaotic: the MRT closed and the trams stopped. Some Soviet officials fled the city first. According to historical records, "On the first day, 779 leading cadres fled the capital with money and valuables worth 25 million rubles, and they also used 100 cars and trucks to transport their families." Seeing that the leaders had fled, ordinary citizens also packed their bags and tried to get out of the city. For three days in a row, the roads out of the city were crowded. However, on 10 year120 October, after Moscow entered the state of martial law, the phenomenon of mass exodus ceased to exist. Germans cannot see the Kremlin. It is generally believed that the German attack was blocked at a distance of 32 kilometers from Moscow, but they have successfully captured the town of Boliana in Crasner, a suburb of Moscow and adjacent to Lobnia. It is rumored that German generals boarded the bell tower and watched the Kremlin with binoculars. It should be said that this rumor sounds very credible. In fact, you can overlook Gong Ke from Crasner-ya Poliana town only in summer when the sky is clear in Li Can, but it is impossible in snowy winter. 19411On February 2nd, American journalist William hillel reported that, as far as he knew, the reconnaissance battalion of the German 258th Division invaded the town of Khimki, a suburb of Moscow, where he carefully observed the Kremlin Tower with a telescope. This statement is not very reliable, and it is impossible to overlook Keke Palace from Himki. What's more, the German 258th Division didn't participate in the siege of Moscow that day, and the German archives didn't find any evidence that the division captured Himki. 194 1 is not very cold in winter. Guderian, commander of the Second German Tank Corps, once blamed the Russian winter for Moscow's defeat. He said that if it weren't for the severe cold, Germans would celebrate by drinking in Gong Ke in October. Due to the snow and ice weather, the German tanks were deeply immersed in the snow, and the artillery could not be started because of the fuel freeze, which greatly reduced the attack power. But what is the actual situation? 194 1 year165438+1October 4, the lowest temperature in the suburbs of Moscow was only MINUS 7 degrees (65438+1October was rainy, causing muddy roads), while165438+. 10 Although the temperature dropped to-11to-13 in October, it quickly rose to-3, so it is hard to say that this kind of weather is "severe cold". The real cold (minus 40 degrees) was on February 5th when the Soviet Red Army counterattacked. 194 1. In other words, the harsh winter climate only played a role when the Soviet Union turned to counterattack and pursued the Germans, while the cruel Moscow blockade was carried out in a not too cold climate. At that time, German soldiers could only gather around the bonfire and burn precious gasoline. The German defeat in battle of borodino was a key battle in Moscow. Some books describe the battle very tragically. The fact is that the Germans stationed in Borodino were a mob, and they were quickly defeated by the fierce offensive of the Soviet Red Army. 1942,65438+21year1October, Russians and French met again on the battlefield of borodino after 130 years (18 12 summer, the battle of borodino, France. These French soldiers are actually French mercenaries of the German army, totaling 2,452. Their task is to hold Borodino and stop the attack of the Soviet Red Army. German marshal von Kruger said: "Fight bravely like Napoleon!" When mobilizing mercenaries before the war. In fact, this mercenary was completely defeated in a few days: half of the soldiers were killed, hundreds were captured, and the rest were sent back by frostbite. In fact, as early as194116, Hitler, who was surprised by the German army's flight, issued a death order similar to that signed by Stalin: "No retreat!" "Hold your ground until the last soldier dies" and threatened to shoot the teacher in charge of leadership if you escape. But Hitler's tough attitude also played a role, which led to the orderly retreat of the Germans and consolidated the defense line. Blum Quintlett, chief of staff of the Fourth Army, wrote in the book Fatal Decision: "Hitler has realized that the retreat of troops in the snow will lead to the collapse of the whole front, and our army will repeat the mistakes of Napoleon's army." The result was just as Hitler expected: only three and a half years later, the Soviet Red Army invaded Berlin ... to commemorate the title of Moscow Hero City awarded by the Soviet Union in 1965 and the 20th anniversary of the victory over Nazi Germany. Since then, there have been commemorative activities such as military parade every year. On February 7, 2004, Russian soldiers dressed in Soviet military uniforms and equipped with weapons at that time in the suburbs of Moscow repeated the Moscow campaign that stopped Nazi Germans 63 years ago. There are 2500 Russian soldiers and more than 30 T-34 tanks participating in this performance. Russian President Vladimir Putin and World War II survivors watched the performance.