Efficient box planting technology of gastrodia elata?

Gastrodia elata before the arrival of the rainy season, clean the drainage ditch, promptly eliminate stagnant water, and prevent tuber rot. The following is what I carefully arranged for you. Let's have a look.

I. plastic baskets and boxes. At present, there are only conventional plastic boxes in the market, with specifications of length 54× width 33× height 365,438+0 cm and 22 yuan per unit, and other specifications of length 665,438+0, width 53 and height 438+0cm. These boxes are not the best specifications, with high output and convenient operation. The dimensions are: clearance in the box: length 53× width 53× height 34cm, and the wooden sticks are convenient to be placed horizontally and vertically. At present, only homemade wooden cases or steel welded iron baskets with baffles have this size. Conventional plastic boxes, turnover boxes, local specialty shops in counties and cities, vegetable markets in mountainous areas and citrus waxing factories are all available. You can also ask about the place of purchase. Some counties and cities have processing plants directly.

1, planting range. Vacant houses, warehouses, old schools, factories, basement garages, chicken houses and pig houses, caves, air-raid shelters, vegetable greenhouses, ponchos erected on mountains and other indoor areas can be planted.

2. Raw and barren soil. That is to say, it is called raw wasteland without farmyard manure, and river sand, that is, medium and fine sand for building houses, can also be used directly.

2. Planting time: 65438+1from late October to late May of the following year. As long as the temperature is above 5℃ and below 26℃, you can sow at any time.

Third, material preparation: the following describes the amount of materials and seeds by planting 50 boxes.

1, wood. All miscellaneous wood except pine and Chinese fir with a diameter of 8- 10 cm shall be cut down one week to three months in advance, and 200 sticks with a length of 30 cm shall be sawn when planting. Open three oblique holes on opposite sides to destroy the wood layer.

2. The original species of gastrodia elata pollen. There are jujube-sized seeds 13kg, about 1600.

3. The original species of Armillaria. 25 bottles.

4. Sand or soil or sand. 1 50 boxes of semi-cubic sand factory, one tractor can pull one car.

5, landing leaves. Dry about 13 kg, take off the sieve of the pulverizer and crush it into pieces, or go to the county agricultural machinery to buy a lawn mower for raising pigs and cattle and crush it into pieces. Soak for 6 days to 2 months before use. If the dosage is small, after the leaves are soaked, they can be cut into irregular pieces of 2-5 cm with a knife for later use.

Note: If it is a wooden box or plastic box of other sizes, the length and quantity of sawn timber can be flexibly determined according to the size of conventional plastic boxes. With the above conditions and raw material resources, it can be planted all over the country.

Step 6 punch holes. Buy a whole roll of film thicker than plastic film, and drill a hole every 12- 16 mm with a drill bit in the repair shop. The depth of the hole is half first, and then the hole is punched when it is used up. If the film is punched to the bottom at one time, it may stick, and it will not tear when it is used in half. When it is used, it is cut into pieces with the size of 2x1.4m. It doesn't matter if it is bigger or smaller, one piece in a box.

7. watering can. That is, a flowerpot.

8. venue. Any floor can be used, such as floor, cement surface, tile surface, etc. Because gastrodia elata grows in sandy land, it doesn't need to pay attention to environment, photosynthesis, chlorophyll synthesis, weeding and fertilization.

Fourth, packaging and planting.

First, the box is covered with perforated film, and the excess film is rolled to the outside of the box edge. Sand with a thickness of 3cm is placed on the bottom film of the box, and two wooden sticks are horizontally placed at equal distance along the length direction of the box, that is, the space distance between the wooden sticks and the box edge and the wooden sticks is equal, and the incision faces to both sides. Fill the gap with sand at the wooden stick of 1/3 to about 3cm. Water will soak the sand layer of about 3cm, and fill 6544 at the cut of each wooden stick and both ends of the wooden stick. Spread a thin layer of leaves, and then spread eight hemp seeds according to a stick, that is,/kloc-0 at both ends of the stick and 3 ***6 at both sides of the stick, evenly distributed. Spread a thin layer of leaves, fill sand just to cover the skin of the stick, and then carry out the second layer of cultivation.

Overlap with the two sticks below, then put two sticks with the cutting edges facing both sides, fill the blank with sand to 2/3 of the sticks, soak the sand layer with water for about 3cm, sow one plant at the cutting edge of each stick and two ends of each stick, sow eight plants, spread a thin layer of leaves, and sow eight hemp seeds according to one stick, that is, 1 * * 22 at both ends of each stick. Cover the box with sand to 2-3 cm below the box mouth, spray water for 3 cm, cover the excess perforated film around the box body to the box face, leaving only a single layer of film, that is, only one layer of film can be left on the box face, cut off the accumulated excess film, and cover the film with sand until the box mouth is flat. Complete the box-type double-layer planting method of gastrodia elata.

The above is the one-step box planting technology of gastrodia elata, which has advantages and disadvantages. The other is the method of planting gastrodia elata with mature bacteria, which can make up for the shortage of one-step method. Mature fungus material planting method, also known as two-step method, is to cultivate fungus sticks first, and then sow hemp seeds in idle season, which not only reduces the investment by about 20%, but also selects excellent fungus materials, that is, when cultivated fungus materials are ploughed and planted, the inferior fungus materials with poor growth are removed, and the high-quality fungus materials with good growth are selected, so that the limited area can not be wasted, and a hemp seed can not be sown in vain, and the effect of high yield of improved varieties can be achieved. However, sowing seeds one step at a time cannot do this. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, and the situation is clear at a glance. Please judge the situation and weigh it yourself.

The two-step method, that is, the mature fungus material and the one-step planting method are the same, except that there is no need to cut the mouth and sow the fungus when planting. The cultivation methods of mature bacteria materials include photo album introduction and online search keywords: the cultivation methods of high-yield and high-quality bacteria materials of Gastrodia elata.

Box-to-box three-dimensional stacking technology: four and a half bricks are laid flat at the four corners of the box, about 6 cm high, and a box is stacked three-dimensionally. 1 The box weighs about 70kg, and it is usually four stories high when stacked. It is too high and too heavy to collapse. 20 square meters of indoor space can stack 150 boxes.

Temperature and humidity management after verb (verb abbreviation) assembly

1, moisture control. After all planting is completed, spray water on the surface of the box once, that is, install a high-pressure spray gun for car washing on the tap water pipe head, which can control the water quantity and is an ideal water spraying tool.

The sand above each box of film is the water observation point. If the sand with a thickness of 1-2 cm is dry, it can be sprayed directly from the gap between the box and the brick with a spray gun, or it can be sprayed with a sprayer. It is enough to soak 2 cm thick sand on the surface of the box every time, so don't worry about watering more or less. According to our many years of experience, this kind of water spraying humidity is very suitable.

I wonder if you understand my expression. Everything is not static, the key is that you should constantly sum up your experience.

2. Temperature control. Gastrodia elata accumulates its efficacy and nutrition by hibernating, and it can't grow normally until it blooms in spring. When the earth is frozen, you give birth to life. At this time, you can hear the snoring of Gastrodia elata. When the spring breeze explodes, you bring wealth to the world. This is my description of gastrodia elata's gift to mankind, and it also expresses the gratitude of gastrodia elata entrepreneurs to gastrodia elata.

If the weather forecast is a high temperature of 39℃ and the planting layer of Gastrodia elata is around 26℃, it will be normal. If the temperature in the gastrodia elata layer exceeds the standard, the temperature in the box is lower than 26℃, which can be controlled by artificial protection, well water, ice water, sunshade net and air conditioning. In areas above 400 meters above sea level, there is no need to consider the problem of artificial temperature control. But in hilly and plain areas below 400 meters above sea level, temperature control is very important.

① air conditioning. You can plant 2-300 boxes of gastrodia elata within 30㎡, and you only need one air conditioner 1.5. The price at this time is: it costs 3600 yuan to buy a Gree brand inverter new air conditioner, and it costs about 3300 yuan to buy a Midea brand inverter new air conditioner. Fortunately, you can also buy cheap and good quality second-hand air conditioners in the electrical repair department, which costs more than 1000 yuan. The high-temperature electricity consumption for three months in summer is about 1000 degrees. It's raining on cloudy days, and the temperature is below 28 degrees. You can turn off the air conditioner.

There is also a cooling facility called water curtain air conditioning, and the effect is also good. You may have installed such facilities in pig farms and out-of-season vegetable greenhouses. It seems that a facility with more than 2000 yuan can control 100 square meters and 300 cubic meters of space, then you can control 1500 boxes of gastrodia elata.

There is another point that needs to be explained by the way, that is, the roofs of colored steel tiles, cement tiles and old tiles, and the greenhouses with straw sheds, sunshade nets and films can not be equipped with air conditioners, but you can use spray cooling devices, install water pipe nozzles on the roofs, and spray well water at high temperature to achieve the purpose of cooling down, and the effect is also good. Anyone who makes plumbing equipment and runs this shop can install it. Just tell him the purpose and he will help you install it. I don't know if it's clear, but you can add it and tell more people a better way.

Six, the prevention of gastrodia elata diseases

If possible, screen doors and screens should be added in high temperature season to prevent mosquitoes, flies, insects and rats from spreading the pathogen. Insecticidal aerosol is often used, which can be sprayed indoors in supermarkets to keep the environment clean. Gastrodia elata has no pests, mainly tuber rot, which is caused by harsh climatic environment, such as high temperature and high humidity, which is not conducive to the growth of Gastrodia elata, but is conducive to the overgrowth of miscellaneous bacteria and the empty shell rot of Gastrodia elata. As long as we pay attention to prevention, the disease will not happen. Another reason is that generations of hemp seeds and strains have weak viability, no growth advantage and poor disease resistance. As long as it is genuine first-class hemp seed production or purchase, the first-class strain can be solved. Learn more about self-made gastrodia elata seedlings, and search online: new technology for making high-quality Armillaria mellea seeds at home.

Seven. Harvest, box expansion and advantages

The seeds can be harvested and propagated from the end of/kloc-0 to April of the following year. When harvesting, the gastrodia elata box is turned over, the culture material is poured out, one or two hemp seeds are sorted according to size, and stored in semi-humid sandy soil at 5- 10℃ for 5 months without deterioration. It is best to cultivate mature fungus materials in advance, that is, buy materials in July, cultivate fungus materials in August-September, and sow hemp seeds at any time from165438+1October to April of the following year.

Generally, 5 kg of fresh gastrodia elata is collected in each box, and 5 kg of dried gastrodia elata is processed 1.5 kg. The income of 50 boxes is about 200 yuan, and at the same time, the income of 1.5 Jin of hemp seed is harvested, which is worth 90 yuan. The income of 50 boxes is 4,500 yuan, and the income of two items is about 1.5 million yuan. If the first generation of hemp seeds are not sold and used to expand boxes, it can develop into a cycle with twice the area and twice the income in the second year, with a profit of 20 thousand yuan, and in the third year it can develop into a cycle with twice the area and a profit of 1 times, with a profit of 20 thousand yuan. In other words, an introduction can be planted for three years. The income of three years adds up to 50 thousand yuan. Gastrodia elata seed is a variety that degenerates year by year. The three generations of seeds harvested at this time have been seriously degraded and cannot be used. Change seeds in advance or learn self-made seedling raising techniques.

Box gastrodia elata was invented by me 1996, when cheap labor and cheap materials were produced. Now wages and materials are five times higher than at that time, which is not desirable for large growers. Small-scale growers who don't need to hire workers and own materials to make wooden baskets can use them. For large-scale growers, it is best to adopt the three-layer planting mode of three floors above the ground or eight floors above the angle iron frame. Learn more, search online: new technology of gastrodia elata in greenhouse and indoor three-dimensional planting.

Eight, processing dry goods

The harvested fresh hemp is classified according to size, medium and small, with more than two big gastrodia elata for 65,438+00 minutes, two or three middle gastrodia elata for 65,438+0-2 small gastrodia elata for 5 minutes, then it is fished out and soaked in tap water or well water until hemp is cool, and the soaked water is kept cool by changing water frequently. It can be dried like mushrooms and fungus leaves, and the two gastrodia elata will dry in one shot, and the cross section looks like a glass mirror.

Planting method of gastrodia elata

Tubers are propagated and planted in March and April in spring. Culture bed before planting. Commonly used tree species suitable for the growth of Armillaria mellea, such as Cyclobalanopsis glabra, Quercus variabilis, Castanea mollissima, etc. Thick bark, hard wood and strong corrosion resistance are the best. Saw the selected wood into sticks 40-50 cm long and cut the bark into fish scales. In the selected plot, 2-3 months before planting, dig a pit with a depth of 25-30 cm, a width of 60 cm and a length depending on the terrain. Loosen the soil at the bottom of the cellar, spread a layer of dry leaves or humus soil, place 1 layer between the treated new sticks and the wood with Armillaria mellea. The distance between two adjacent sticks is 6-7 cm, and some branches of broad-leaved trees are sandwiched between them. The gap is filled with humus soil to prevent mixed bacteria pollution, and then cover with soil for 3-4 cm. Similarly, place the second layer and cover it with 10 cm soil. Keep the cellar moist, cover it with weeds for shade, cool and moisturize, and let Armillaria grow normally, that is, form a fungus bed. Tubers without disease spots, freezing injury and rot are selected as seed plants and cultivated separately. When planting, put the seed hemp into the ditch between the fungus sticks in parallel, close to the fungus sticks, fill the gap with humus soil, and cover it with 3 cm to avoid seeing the bottom fungus. The second layer is planted in the same way, and finally covered with 10- 15 cm, and covered with a layer of leaf weeds to keep the soil moist, and the covering layer is thickened during wintering to prevent freezing injury.

Planting management, the cultivation site should choose sandy loam with good permeability, not cultivated land, clay or waterlogged residual water; When cultivating bacteria or planting gastrodia elata, the bacteria infected by miscellaneous bacteria should be removed and kept pure; When planting gastrodia elata and cultivating close-ring seedlings, the gaps between the fungus materials should be filled with sand; When planting, increase the dosage of strains to promote the vigorous growth of Armillaria mellea, thus inhibiting the growth of miscellaneous bacteria.

Field management, gastrodia elata should be carefully managed after cutting, and people and animals are strictly prohibited from trampling. Before wintering, the soil should be thickened and covered with leaves to prevent freezing; During the high temperature period from June to August, scaffolding or intercropping with tall crops should be used for shade. Before the rainy season comes, it is necessary to clean the drainage ditch and clear the accumulated water in time to prevent tuber rot. In spring and autumn, you should receive the necessary sunshine to keep a certain temperature.