Answers to the second chapter of high school classical Chinese reading aid

1. The translation of the second part of the newly compiled high school classical Chinese reading aid (15~58)

15. Sun Quan Yu Lu Meng When he was studying, Sun Quan, the king of Wu, said to the general Lu Meng: "You are now here When an important position holds great power, you must study further!" Lu Meng declined on the grounds that there were many affairs in the military camp.

Sun Quan said: "Do I want you to study the classics and history and become a knowledgeable scholar? It is just that you should learn knowledge widely without having to delve deeply into it. You said you have to deal with many things, but why? What about a matter comparable to what I was dealing with? I often read and felt that I had gained a lot."

Lu Meng then began to study. When the famous Soochow general Lu Su passed by Xunyang and discussed world affairs with Lu Mengyan, Lu Su was very surprised after hearing Lu Meng's opinions and said: "Your current talents and strategies are no longer comparable to those of Soochow Lu Meng in the past." "Lü Meng said: "For a person with ambition, after a few days of separation, you should keep your eyes open and look at his talents again. Brother, why do you see the changes in things so late?" Lu Su then visited Lu Meng's mother, Befriended Lu Meng, then said goodbye and left.

16. Lu You built a book nest. In my house, some books are piled on wooden boxes, some books are displayed in front, and some books are placed on the bed. Looking up and down, looking around, there is no book that is not a book. of. In my daily life, when I am sick, when I feel sad, melancholy, angry, or sighing, I am never without books.

Guests do not come to visit, wives and children do not see each other, and weather changes such as wind, rain, thunder, hail, etc. are not known. Occasionally I want to stand up, but the messy books surround me like accumulated dead branches. Sometimes it gets to the point where I can’t walk, so I laugh to myself and say, “Isn’t this the bird’s nest I mentioned?” Then I invite guests. Come closer and look.

The guests could not enter at first, and those who had already entered the room could not come out, so the guests also laughed and said: "It really looks like a bird's nest." 17. Dong Yu Tan "Sanyu" Qindu had a man who wanted to ask Dong Yu for advice. Dong Yu refused to teach, but said: "You must read it a hundred times before doing this."

"It means: "Read it a hundred times. , its meaning naturally emerged. "The person who asked for advice said: "I have no time."

Dong Yu said: "We should use 'Sanyu'." Someone asked about the meaning of "Sanyu". Dong Yu said: "Winter is the spare time of the year for reading, night is the spare time of the day for reading, and rainy days are available all year round."

18. Zhiyong and "Return to Writing" "Tomb" Zhiyong lived in Yongxin Temple, Wuxing, and studied calligraphy for many years. Later, he had ten jars of broken writing brush heads, each jar weighing several loads. There were so many people who came to ask for ink marks and write plaques that they were like a busy city. As a result, holes were stepped on the thresholds of the places where they lived, so they were wrapped with iron sheets, which people called "iron thresholds."

Later, he buried the pen tip and called it the "Bi Tui Tomb". 19. Kuang Heng chiseled into the wall to borrow light. Kuang Heng was very studious but did not have a candle. His neighbor had a candle but it could not illuminate his room.

Kuang Heng then drilled a hole in the wall to introduce candlelight, and used a book to reflect the light to read. There was a large family in the local area named Wen Bu Shi. The family was very rich and had many books. Kuang Heng worked hard for his family without asking for any reward. The owner felt strange and asked Kuang Heng. Kuang Heng replied: "I hope I can read all the books." "The book."

The owner sighed and lent him the book, and Kuang Heng finally became a great scholar. 20. Zhang Pu and "Qi Lu Zhai" Zhang Pu liked to study when he was a child. He would copy the books he read by hand. After copying, he would burn the copies after reciting them once, and then copy again. He would stop like this six or seven times.

Where the pen is held in the right hand, the fingers and palm have calluses. In winter, the skin will crack due to cold, so soak it in hot water several times a day.

Later, the study room where he studied was named "Qilu"... Zhang Pu wrote poems and articles very quickly. When various parties came to ask for it, Zhang Pu did not need to draft it. He just waved his pen in front of the guests and completed it immediately. Because of this, Zhang Pu's reputation was the most famous at that time.

21. Jin Ping Gong studied music by candlelight. Jin Ping Gong asked Shi Kuang, "I am seventy years old. I want to learn music, but I'm afraid it's too late." Shi Kuang said, "Why don't you light a candle and learn it?" ?" Duke Ping of Jin said, "How can a minister tease his king?" Shi Kuang said, "How dare I tease the king when I'm young?" "I like to study in my prime, like the sunshine in the day; I like to study in my old age, like the light of a candle.

Which is better, the light of a candle, or walking in the dark?" Said: "Well said!" 22. Gao Feng is dedicated to his career. Gao Feng is good at writing and farming is his family's occupation. The wife once went to work in the fields and dried wheat in the courtyard, leaving Gao Feng to look after the chickens.

It was raining heavily, and Gao Feng was reading scriptures with a bamboo pole. He didn't realize that the water on the ground after the rain caused the wheat to flow away. When his wife came back, she was surprised and asked, and Gao Feng finally came to his senses.

23. Ye Tinggui and "Hai Lu" I loved studying very much when I was young. For more than 40 years, I never let go of the book. I ate with it and it felt sweet in my mouth. I used it as a pillow when I was tired.

The scholar-bureaucrats had unique books in their homes. Those who borrowed them would not stop reading them, and those who read them would not stop reading them until they had read them all.

I often resent that I can’t copy everything because I don’t have money. Among so many books, I divided them into dozens of large volumes, selected the useful ones and copied them by myself, and named them "Hai Lu".

24. Being a man requires knowledge. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty said to Fang Xuanling: "Being a human being requires learning and asking questions. In the past, because many fierce enemies were not defeated, I conquered east and west, and personally participated in the military. I had no time. Reading.

Recently, everything is quiet and there is no chaos. When people are in the palace, they cannot hold the book in person, so they order others to read to me. The principles of being a king, being a minister, being a father, and being a son. The truth is all in the book.

The ancients said: 'If you don't learn, you will know nothing, and you will only have troubles when you deal with things. ”

25. Ren Mo is studious and diligent. Ren Mo is fourteen years old. He has no fixed teacher for his studies. Carrying a bookcase, he is not afraid of long distances, dangers and obstacles. It is often said that if a person does not study, then how can he be successful? Woolen cloth. Sometimes I lean under the trees, weaving white thatched grass into a small thatched house, cutting thorns to make a pen, and inscribing the sap as ink.

Read under the stars and moon at night. If it’s dark, tie up mugwort to illuminate yourself. If you see what you like, write it on his clothes to remember it.

Those who studied with him were very fond of his diligence and even exchanged his dirty clothes with clean clothes. If you are not a saint, don’t read it.

When he was about to die, he warned: "People like to learn, and even if they die, they will feel alive; people who don't learn, even if they are alive, will be mediocre and incompetent." 26. Wang Chong. 2. Please translate the second chapter of the updated version of "New High School Classical Chinese Reading Aid" 1-58

40. Zhou Bo, Guan Ying, etc. all slandered Chen Ping and said: "Although Chen Ping is as beautiful as jade, he is There may not be anything real in it.

We heard that when Chen Ping was at home, he had an affair with his sister-in-law. He couldn't find a place to work with the king of Wei, so he fled and joined the king of Chu. Laigui surrendered to the king of Han. Now the king valued him so much that he made him a high official and appointed him as a guard.

We heard that Chen Ping accepted money from the generals, and those who gave more money received benefits. Those who gain less will be in a bad situation. Chen Ping is a capricious minister, and I hope the king will be aware of it."

The king of Han was suspicious of Chen Ping and summoned Wei Wuzhi to question him. Wei Wuzhi said: "What I am talking about is talent, and what your Majesty is asking about is character.

Now if someone has the character of Wei Sheng and Xiao Ji, but it is not good for the fate of victory or defeat, how can your Majesty do it? What about using such people in your spare time? In the conflict between Chu and Han, I recommend people who are good at making clever plans. They only care about whether their plans can really benefit the country. As for having an affair with your sister-in-law and accepting money, what is there to doubt? "The king of Han called for it? Chen Ping came to rebuke him and asked: "Sir, what he did with the King of Wei was inconsistent with his work, so he went to work with the King of Chu and left halfway.

Now you have come to follow me again. Is it true that a trustworthy person is so half-hearted? ?" Chen Ping said: "I was working for King Wei, and King Wei couldn't adopt my suggestions, so I left him to work for King Xiang. King Xiang cannot trust people, and those he trusts and favors are not those of the Xiang clan. Even the brothers of my wife's family can't be reused even if they have talents. I just left the king of Chu.

I heard that the king of Han can use people, so I came to join him empty-handed. If I don't accept money, I can't do anything.

If my strategy is indeed worth adopting, I hope the king will adopt it; if it is not worth adopting and the money is still there, please allow me to seal it and send it back to the government, and request to resign and go home. " The king of Han then apologized to Chen Ping, rewarded him generously, and appointed him as the lieutenant of the army guard to supervise all the generals.

The generals said nothing more. 41. When he became emperor, the prime minister and former Marquis of Anchang, Zhang Yu, rose to great heights by virtue of his status as the emperor's teacher, and (the emperor) respected him very much.

Zhu Yun wrote a letter asking to see the emperor. At that time, all the ministers and ministers were in front of the emperor. Zhu Yun said: "Today's court ministers cannot help the emperor when they are above, and they cannot benefit the people below. They are all occupying their positions and doing nothing, eating in vain.

I ask your majesty to give you a mouthful of Shangfang. Kill a sycophant with a horse sword to encourage others." Emperor Cheng asked, "Who are you going to kill?" Zhu Yun replied, "Anchang Hou Zhang Yu."

Emperor Cheng was furious. He said: "You, a lowly official, slander your superiors while sitting in a subordinate position, and insult my teacher in the court. You will be punished by death!" The censor pulled Zhu Yun down to the court. Zhu Yun climbed on the railing of the hall, and the railing was broken by him. Zhu Yun shouted: "I am satisfied that I can interact with Long Feng (a loyal minister in the Xia Jie period, who was killed for admonishment) and Bigan (a loyal minister in the Shang Zhou Dynasty, who was killed for admonishment) under Jiuquan, and I am satisfied. I wonder what will happen to the Holy Dynasty?" The censor pulled Zhu Yun down.

At this time, the left general Xin Qingji took off his official hat, took off his official seal and ribbon, kowtowed in the hall, and said: "Zhu Yun has always been known for his arrogance and straightforwardness. If what he said is right, If he says something wrong, he should be tolerated.

I dare to fight to the death!" Xin Qingji kowtows and bleeds. (In this way) Emperor Cheng's anger dissipated and he spared Zhu Yun.

Later, when the railings were to be repaired, Emperor Cheng said: "Don't replace them! Just repair the old railings and use them to commend the ministers." 42. Ji Dan, the crown prince of Yan State, resented King Qin's victory over the government and wanted to implement it. To seek revenge, he sought the advice of Tai Fu Ju Wu.

Ju Wu suggested that Prince Danxi make a treaty with the three Jin states of Han, Zhao, and Wei, unite with Qi and Chu in the south, and make peace with the Xiongnu in the north, so that they can plot against Qin. Prince Dan said: "Although Taifu's plan is good, it will take a long time to realize it. It makes people feel depressed and anxious. I'm afraid I can't wait any longer."

Soon, Qin General Fan Yu Qi was convicted in his own country and fled to Yan State. Prince Dan accepted him and let him stay.

Ju Wu advised Prince Dan: "The tyranny of King Qin and the accumulated anger and resentment towards the Yan State are enough to make people feel chilling. What's more, he will also learn that General Fan was taken into custody in Yan State. This is like leaving the meat on the path of hungry tigers. I hope you will send General Fan to the Huns as soon as possible!" Prince Dan said: "General Fan is desperate and surrenders to me. This is what I should risk my life to protect. It's his time, please consider other options!" 43. Wang Shu from Shanxi was relatively poor in the early days, so he sought the position of magistrate of Wanling County and accepted more than 1,000 bribes during his tenure.

Director Wang advised him (it was inappropriate to do so), and he replied: "If you have fished enough, you will stop fishing." People at that time did not understand his character.

Later, he was often transferred to local leadership positions. He was more honest than ordinary people. I once read this and laughed at him.

The so-called incorruptible person will not change his integrity even if he is poor, so he is valuable; but he greedily asks for money because he has no money, and stops when he has made enough. Can this still be called incorruptible? But Shi Chen recorded it and thought it was something praiseworthy. How ignorant! 44. When Dou Xian got married, all the counties and feudal states in the world sent congratulatory gifts. Hanzhong County also wanted to send officials to deliver gifts. Hu Cao Li advised the eunuch: "General Dou, as a relative of the queen, does not cultivate moral etiquette, but is arbitrary and arrogant. His danger and defeat will soon come.

I hope you will be loyal to the royal family and not have any contact with him." But the prefect insisted on sending someone to deliver gifts, and Li could not stop him, so he asked to be allowed to go.

The prefect agreed. Li delayed his stay here and there to observe changes in the situation.

When he walked to Fufeng, the Dou family collapsed. Dou Xian was deported to the country.

All the officials who interacted with Dou Xian were dismissed from office due to crimes, except the prefect of Hanzhong County. 45. Baili Xihuai escaped from Guo but was captured by Jin when he had no talent. When he sold cattle to Qin, he was resold for five sheepskins.

Gongsun Zhi found out about him and valued him very much, and recommended him to Duke Mu. Three days later, he asked him to hand over the management of national affairs. Duke Mu asked: "Aren't you afraid of the ridicule of the world when you hand over the affairs of the state to those who were bought with five sheepskins?" Gongsun Zhi replied: "Believing in the wise and appointing them is the wisdom of the monarch; giving way to the wise and willing Listed below, this is the loyalty of a minister.

The king is a wise king, and the minister is a loyal minister. He is indeed a wise man. The people in the country will be convinced and the enemy will be in awe. Who can return it?

3. Translation of the second chapter of junior high school classical Chinese reading aid

37. The old woman’s wise battle with the Liao enemy

In the middle of Duan Gong, there was a woman alone in the shop. A group of captives arrived and tied the horse to her. At the gate, he sat down with his bow and arrow in his hands, asking the woman to draw water. The woman held the gou and went to the well. She hung it and stopped. Because she called the captive king in a nonsense language, she also told the captive: "The goose is short, so I can't reach it. The woman is old and exhausted. The king can take it himself. "Because the prisoner was wearing a bow and bow, he bent down to draw it. The woman pushed the prisoner from behind and fell into the well, crossing Ma Yi County. The horse was wearing armor, and there was a pig head hanging behind the saddle. Changshan people official It is magnificent to see.

Translation:

During the Duangong period, there was an old woman staying alone in the shop (Tanghe). After a while, a Liao soldier came , tied the horse in front of the door, sat with a bow and arrow, and shouted to the old woman to help him fetch water. The old woman took the well rope and bucket to the well, but stopped as soon as she put the well rope down, and used her liao He called the Liao soldiers "King" and said to the Liao soldiers: "The well rope is short and cannot draw water. I am old and not strong enough. Please ask the king to draw water by yourself." The Liao soldiers tied their bows with the well rope. The old woman leaned down to draw water. The old woman pushed the Liao soldier into the well from behind, mounted the Liao soldier's horse and ran to the county town. The people watched and praised her bravery along the way.

38. Su Wu herded sheep in Beihai

Su Wu sent the Xiongnu to the Han Dynasty to stay with the Chan Yu, and ordered Wei Lu to rule them. He threatened and tempted him in every possible way, but Wu finally refused to yield. There was no food or drink in Wu's Dajiao. It rained and snowed, and Wu gnawed the snow and swallowed it together with the felt hair. He survived for several days. The Huns thought they were gods. So Wu Wu had nowhere to go on the North Sea and sent herds to feed them. He said: "The milk of the pigs has returned." After Wu stopped at the North Sea, he dug up wild rats and ate them. He shepherded sheep during the Zhan Han Festival and got up to take care of them. He returned after nineteen years.

Translation:

Su Wu went out for the Han Dynasty The Xiongnu was left behind by Shan Yu, and Wei Lu was allowed to deal with him. Wei Lu threatened and tempted Su Wu in every possible way, but Su Wu never gave in. Wei Lu told Shan Yu that Shan Yu wanted Su Wu to surrender even more, so he imprisoned Su Wu in a big kiln. There was no water or food. It was snowing. Su Wu bit the snow and swallowed it with the felt. He survived for several days. The Huns thought he was a god. So they moved Su Wu to a deserted place in the North Sea and let him herd rams. . said: "The ram can only come back after giving birth to a lamb." Su Wu went to Beihai, dug up wild rats, collected them to eat, and shepherded sheep with the talisman granted by the emperor, and carried them with him when he slept or stood up. It took him nineteen years to return to the Han Dynasty. < /p>

From "Baidu." 4. Full text translation of the 125th chapter of the newly compiled high school classical Chinese reading aid of Queen Mother Du's Will

In the second year of Jianlong, Queen Mother Du was unwell, and Song Taizu served (Empress Dowager Du) to drink Medicine is never far away.

When (Empress Dowager Du) was critically ill, she summoned Zhao Pu into the palace to accept her death. Empress Dowager Du then asked Taizu: "Do you know the reason why you got the world?" Song Taizu sobbed and could not answer.

Empress Dowager Du insisted on asking him, and Song Taizu said: "The reason why I gained the world is because of the virtues of my ancestors and you, the Empress Dowager." Empress Dowager Du said: "That's not the case.

It's just because Zhou Shizong let his young son rule the world. If there was an older emperor in the Zhou Dynasty, would the world be owned by you? You should pass the throne to your younger brother after your death.

In this region, there are many things, and it is the blessing of the country to be able to establish an older emperor." Song Taizu kowtowed and cried, "How dare you disobey the instructions?"

Empress Dowager Du turned around and said to Zhao Pu: "You remember my words together and cannot break them." (Empress Dowager Du) ordered Zhao Pu to write an oath in front of the bed. Zhao Pu wrote "Chen Pu Shu" at the end of the oath.

(Empress Dowager Du) hid it in a gold box and ordered cautious palace officials to take charge of it. 5. Full text translation of Boya and Zhong Ziqi’s new high school classical Chinese reading aid, Chapter 120: Boya is good at playing the piano

Boya is good at playing the piano, and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening (Bo Ya is good at playing the piano).

Boya played the piano, thinking about the mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: "Okay! (The sound of the piano) is as high and high as Mount Tai!" (Bo Ya) was thinking about the flowing water in his mind. Zhong Ziqi said: "Okay! (The sound of the piano) The water is mighty and looks like a river!" Zhong Ziqi must understand what Boya misses.

Boya was traveling to the north of Mount Tai when he suddenly encountered a heavy rain and had to hide under a rock. Boya felt sad, so he took the piano and started playing. First it was the song of heavy rain, and then it was the sound of collapsing mountains.

Every time a piece of music is played, Zhong Ziqi can always find the source of its interest. (At this time) Boya put down his piano and sighed and said: "You listen to the music, it's good, it's good! The imagination in your heart is just like my mind.

How can I let the sound of my piano escape you? Where are the ears?" 6. Full text translation of Xiao He Yuanli's newly compiled high school classical Chinese reading aid No. 121

Xiao Xiangguo Xiao He was a native of Fengyi, Pei County.

When Liu Bang rose up and became Pei Gong, Xiao He often served as his assistant to supervise the affairs. When Pei Gong entered Xianyang, the generals rushed to the treasury to collect gold and silk. Only Xiao He entered the palace first to collect legal documents, geographical atlases, household registration files and other documents and materials in charge of the prime minister and censor of the Qin Dynasty. They are treasured.

Pei Gong became the king of Han and appointed Xiao He as prime minister.

The reason why the King of Han was able to have a detailed understanding of the dangerous fortresses in the world, the number of families and populations, the strength and weakness of various places, the sufferings of the people, etc. was because Xiao He had completely obtained the documents and archives of the Qin Dynasty.

Xiao He recommended Han Xin to the King of Han, and the King of Han appointed Han Xin as a general. The King of Han led his troops eastward and pacified the Three Qin Dynasties. Xiao He stayed behind as prime minister to govern Bashu, pacify the people, issue decrees, and provide food and fodder for the army.

In the second year of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), the King of Han and various princes attacked the Chu army. Xiao He guarded the pass. The King of Han abandoned the army many times and fled in defeat. Xiao He often recruited soldiers from the pass to supplement the shortage of the army. Therefore, the King of Han specially appointed Xiao He to handle the political affairs in Guanzhong.

In the fifth year of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), Xiang Yu had been eliminated and the world was pacified, so rewards were given based on merit. Due to the competition among officials for more than a year, the credit cannot be determined.

Emperor Gaozu believed that Xiao He's contribution was the most outstanding, so he named him? Hou is given the most food. The heroes all said: "We wore armor, held weapons in hand, and participated in the battle in person. Some of us had experienced hundreds of battles, and some of us had fought for ten rounds. We captured cities and seized territory, and we all made military exploits of varying sizes.

Now Xiao He has no such great achievements. He only writes and talks, and does not participate in battles. The rewards are higher than those of us. Why?" Emperor Gao asked, "Do you know how to hunt?" The ministers replied: "Know how to hunt." Emperor Gao said: "When hunting, it is the hunting dogs that chase the beasts, but it is the hunters who find the traces of the beasts and point out where the beasts are.

Nowadays, everyone can only catch the beasts, and they can't get enough credit. Like a hunting dog. As for Xiang Xiao He, he found the traces of wild animals and pointed out the hunting targets.

Besides, you are only following me personally, and there are only two or three people in your family. Ten people have come to conquer the world with me, and their merits will never be forgotten.

"The ministers did not dare to speak any more. So Xiao He was determined to be the first, and he was specially allowed to bring a sword and wear shoes to the palace, and he could walk quickly without following etiquette when going to court.

In the eleventh year of the Han Dynasty (196 BC), Chen Xi rebelled, and Gaozu personally led his army to Handan. Before the suppression of the rebellion was over, the Marquis of Huaiyin, Han Xin, rebelled again in Guanzhong. Empress Lu adopted Xiao He's strategy and killed the Marquis of Huaiyin.

Gaozu had already heard that the Marquis of Huaiyin had been killed, so he sent an envoy to worship Prime Minister Xiao He as the Prime Minister, granted five thousand households, and ordered 500 soldiers and a captain to serve as the Prime Minister's bodyguard. Zhao Ping said to the Prime Minister Xiao He: "The emperor is commanding the army outside in the sun, but you stay in the middle of the court and are not in danger of war. Instead, you increase your fiefs and set up guards. I have doubts about your heart.

The purpose of setting up a guard to protect you is not to favor you. I hope that you will refuse the reward and donate all your property and assets to the army, then the emperor will be happy." Xiao Xiangguo followed his plan.

Emperor Gao was indeed very happy. Xiao He had never been on good terms with Cao Shen. When Xiao He was seriously ill, Emperor Xiaohui personally went to check on Xiang Guo's condition and asked him casually: "If you pass away, who can replace you?" Xiao He replied: "No one knows me better than you. Emperor Xiaohui said: "How about Cao Shen?" Xiao He kowtowed and said: "Your Majesty has found the right candidate!" Emperor Xiaohui said (193 BC) , Prime Minister Xiao He passed away, and his posthumous title was Wen Zhonghou. .