What animal is the forest musk deer?

Chinese name of forest musk deer: Chinese name of forest musk deer: fragrant deer, forest musk deer, musk deer, musk deer, roe deer, Tibetan name transliteration: Nava English name: forest musk deer China distribution: north to Liupanshan in Ningxia and Qinling in Shaanxi; East to Dabie Mountain in Anhui, west to Hunan; West to Sichuan, Bomi, Tibet, Chayu and northern Yunnan; South to Guizhou, Guangdong and mountainous areas in northern Guangxi. Jinzhongshan Nature Reserve in Guangxi is mainly distributed in Poxi, Nongba and Xishe areas. The unique life habit of forest musk deer is that the male upper canine teeth are particularly developed, like fangs, extremely sharp, as long as 10 cm. Upper canine teeth are the only weapon for male musk deer, but they can only be used for the same kind: in estrus season, male musk deer tear their opponents' flesh with their fangs in order to compete for each other. But it can't deal with carnivores, even small carnivores are hard to resist. Musk deer's hind legs are much longer than their forelegs, and their hind legs are higher and their front legs are lower when standing. The hind legs are developed and the toes are firm. They can jump freely between cliffs and escape when they are chased by predators. Forest animals living in the Rocky Mountains rely on this skill to survive. Forest musk deer is a typical mountain animal, which does not inhabit deep mountains and old forests, and is mostly distributed in the sunny slope of pine oak and sparse forest grass slope. Nocturnal, mostly foraging at dusk and night. It is timid and withdrawn, and rarely associates; Also like cool, afraid of exposure, hot in summer; Quick action, good at climbing steep walls; I like to eat moss, moss, bamboo leaves, ferns and fragrant leaves. Under the condition of artificial breeding, most people lie in the corner of the house during the day, or ruminate and take a nap in a quiet place. The growth and reproduction of musk deer in this section is in estrus in autumn and winter, and the mating in estrus is mostly in11~ 65438+February. During this period, there will be fierce fighting between males and females. The estrus cycle of female musk deer is 15 ~ 25 days, the gestation period is 176 ~ 183 days, and it is born in spring and summer. The gestation period is 6 months, and each fetus is 1 ~ 3. However, according to Changxing, the litter size of most forest musk deer in Guangxi is 1. One-year-old male musk deer began to secrete fragrance, and the fragrance secretion was the highest at the age of three to ten. Musk is actually secreted by the musk glands of the timid and lonely male musk deer. Musk has always been famous for its rich aroma and enduring. It is not only a fixative for preparing high-grade perfumes and essences, but also a stimulant for stimulating the central nervous system. It is used to prepare various first-aid drugs such as refreshing the mind and strengthening the heart, and has extremely high economic and medicinal value. Artificial propagation: Over the years, some people have hunted at will in order to obtain musk, resulting in a significant decline in the number of musk deer. In order to protect this forest musk deer resource, in addition to taking protective measures, domestication and breeding research were also carried out. The School of Life Sciences of East China Normal University in Shanghai studied the living conditions of forest musk deer raised in Dongping Forest Farm of Chongming Island in Shanghai. The results showed that (1) the death of forest musk deer mainly occurred in the young musk deer stage. From the change of sex ratio in different age groups, because the survival rate of female musk deer is higher than that of male musk deer, the male ratio gradually decreases after entering sub-adult, which indicates that there is partial male death in young musk deer. The survival rate of early-born young musk deer is obviously higher than that of late-born young musk deer, and the main reason for the death of young musk deer is disease. (2) It was found that the feeding behavior of captive forest musk deer was in the daytime. (3) During lactation, the female musk deer spends more than the male musk deer (the lactation time is longer), that is, the female musk deer gets more nutrition (breast milk) than the male musk deer, which is the main reason for the higher survival rate of the female musk deer than the male musk deer, because malnutrition not only directly leads to the death of the young musk deer, but more importantly, it leads to the decline of the resistance of the young musk deer to external unfavorable conditions, which in turn leads to disease death. (4) The birth time of the young musk deer is determined by the social rank of the female musk deer in the breeding population. The higher the social class, the better the nutritional status of female musk deer, and the earlier the birth time of their offspring, the higher the survival rate. Female musk deer with low social class have poor nutritional status, late birth of offspring and low survival rate. The survival rate of early-born young musk deer is higher than that of late-born young musk deer, on the one hand, it is affected by the nutritional status of the mother musk deer, on the other hand, it is affected by the weather conditions after the birth of the young musk deer. Population status: In recent years, this species resource has declined sharply around the world, and has disappeared in many original distribution areas, becoming an endangered species in the world. Therefore, in 2002, China specially upgraded it from the national second-class key protected animal to the national first-class key protected animal. Sichuan is the main producing area of forest musk deer, with 0.7 head /km2. Due to four years of indiscriminate hunting in Shaanxi, the resources of forest musk deer declined rapidly, with an annual output of only 30 kg; . Guizhou province is very rare so far. The musk deer in Dabie Mountain are mainly in Anhui, and the areas with a large number of musk deer are limited to Jinzhai, Huoshan and Yuexi counties. Today, poaching still exists, the population is still decreasing, and the musk deer in Dabie Mountain is on the verge of extinction. Forest musk deer are distributed in mountainous and forest areas of Yunnan Province. All forest areas of Jinzhongshan Nature Reserve in Guangxi have distribution records, which are common before the early 1980s. At present, it is known to be distributed in Poxi, Nongba and Xishe forest areas. In addition, there are sporadic forests in the Jinzhongshan Mountains near Xilin. The number of forest musk deer in these four places is very small. According to their active area and range, the population of forest musk deer in Jinzhongshan Nature Reserve is about 16 ~ 24. In the winter of 2003 and 2004, the population density of forest musk deer in Zibaishan Nature Reserve, Fengxian County, Shaanxi Province was investigated by dung heap counting method. The results showed that the total density of forest musk deer in Zibaishan Nature Reserve was (0.48 0.75) head km-2 (standard deviation of average density), and the population density of forest musk deer in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest was the highest (0.94 0.05) head km-2 (standard deviation of average density), followed by broad-leaved forest and shrub forest. On the northern slope, the forest musk deer are mainly distributed in Zhongshan (elevation 1 700 ~ 2 100 m), while on the southern slope, the forest musk deer are mainly distributed in high mountains (elevation 2 100~2 450 m). In a word, the density of forest musk deer in Zibaishan Nature Reserve is extremely low. Source:/view/view/92179.htm.