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Fuxin has a long history and primitive civilization. As early as 7600 years ago, human beings lived and multiplied here. It is "the hometown of Yulong" and "the first village in China". Rich historical culture and long-term ethnic integration will inevitably affect people's daily life forms, and gradually form folk cultural characteristics with multi-ethnic and multi-cultural elements in Fuxin, such as "Lama stew", "Lama mutton" and "Mongolian pie" in food culture; Clothing culture and customs include Mongolian men's robes, women's embroidered robes, vests and so on. The classic dance in the temple is tea horse dance; There are also Mongolian festivals such as "Sacrificing Aobao" and "Nadam". Folk crafts and customs include painting, paper-cutting and flying kites. Entertainment customs include "Running to the Yellow River", shadow play, yangko and so on.

Overview of Fuxin Folk Culture

Fuxin yangge

Yangge is a kind of literary activity widely circulated among Fuxin people. This is the so-called yangko dance. It is a kind of literary activity that twists the whole body happily with the rhythm of drum music. The people who participated in the performance were all dressed in ancient costumes, holding fans or ribbons, and some even dressed up as characters in various folk stories, such as the Tang Priest's scriptures, the legend of the white snake, the silly pillar and the little mother. Under the leadership of the team leader, with the sound of gongs and drums, the Yangko team danced happily and walked out of various formations according to the beat. The whole yangko scene is really full of gongs and drums, suona sound, colorful fans flying, graceful posture, lively and spectacular.

Mongolian drama

In the mid-20th century, Fuxin Mongolian Opera was born in Mongolia, a virgin land with a long history and profound cultural heritage. He has performed in the local area for many years, and has performed in Inner Mongolia, three northeastern provinces, Beijing and other places, which has been well received by people of all ethnic groups. Therefore, it has been recognized by the Ministry of Culture and officially recorded in the history of national operas, filling a gap in Chinese minority operas. Fuxin Mongolian Opera, based on Mongolian short-tune folk songs, is a comprehensive art of Mongolian singing, dancing, costume, poetry, riding and shooting.

Tea horse dance

Tea horse, in Tibetan, means dancing and jumping. Commonly known as "playing ghosts" and "jumping off a building". Also known as "Qiang Mother Dance", also known as "King Kong God Dance". It originated in India more than two thousand years ago. In the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism was introduced into Tibet. Later, it was adopted by Tibetan Buddhism and became the "legal dance" of the temple. It was introduced into Fuxin more than 300 years ago and settled in more than 360 temples. /kloc-prevailed in the 0/9' s and gradually disappeared after the 50' s. Its content is mainly manifested in the joint efforts of gods and Buddhists to exorcise demons and catch monsters with magical Buddhism, so as to relieve all kinds of disasters on earth and rescue people from the quagmire.

Diane dance

Diane dance is a Mongolian dance in the Zhenbu area of Mongolia, that is, Fuxin area. It started in the Qing Dynasty and originated from Shamanism. It is one of the artistic varieties deeply loved by the broad masses of the people. Because people were afraid of diseases at that time, the original function of Diane dance was mainly used to exorcise evil spirits and treat diseases. Later, it spread to the people and became a folk Diane for the masses to exorcise evil spirits and treat diseases themselves. And joined the dance movements in the form of singing. At first, when you sang Diane as a partner, there were 13 singers and dancers. One of them is the lead singer, and the other 12 people sing and dance. Dancers with white towels, one leading the singing, singing and dancing. The main movements are waving hands and stamping feet, with strong sense of rhythm and simple and unrestrained style.

Mongolian folk songs

Mongolian is a passionate nation, but also a nation that can sing and dance well. Among the splendid treasures of Mongolian folk culture, Mongolian Zhen folk songs are second to none. Mongolian Zhen folk songs are widely sung among the people and passed down from generation to generation. There is a folk saying: three Mongolian virgins, two singers and a storyteller. Mongolian Zhen folk songs are considered as an encyclopedia of Mongolian Zhen areas. Because folk songs show the historical background, folk customs and living conditions at that time from different aspects. If there is a performance of the survival and development of the tribe, "Wild Goose"; There are four princesses, which show the marriage between Mongolia and Han, as well as the sea master who resists foreign invasion and defends his hometown, and so on.

Jiaobao

Aobao is a Mongolian transliteration, which means "Duizi", that is, a pile made of artificial wood or clay or stone. In pictographic sense, it can represent heaven, earth and mountains and rivers. Before believing in Lamaism, Mongolians believed in Shamanism, respecting heaven, earth and mountains. Believing that they have made contributions to mankind, they worship them, make wishes for them, pray for happiness and peace, and gradually evolve into the custom of offering sacrifices to Aobao. After believing in Lamaism, this custom has continued. There is no fixed date for offering sacrifices to Aobao, usually on May 13th or June 13th of the lunar calendar. Sacrifice to Aobao was large in scale and varied in forms. At that time, branches will be densely planted in Aobao, and colorful walking belts and paper flags will be hung around them, with scriptures written on them, which have strong ethnic and religious characteristics.

Horqin Haolaibao

Haolaibao in Huerqin area of Fuxin mainly appears in the form of stand-up rap, counterpart rap and group rap. There are also four people singing by themselves, or four people playing the Hu Qin together, and many people perform in groups such as rap. Haolaibao shows the plot through the lyrics, attracts the audience with action expressions, and wins the favor of the masses with beautiful melody, strong sense of rhythm and humor.

shadow play

Shadow play, also known as light shadow play, is a general term for the shadow puppeteers, sets and props made by artists with leather such as donkeys and cows, with characters as the mainstay. In Shalitu Village, Yusi Town, Fumeng County, a spontaneous rural donkey shadow play class is active. The members of the troupe are all farmers. They farm when they are busy and sing in their spare time. There are both traditional plays and new themes close to real life. The modeling is simple and exaggerated, the performance is full of sound and emotion, and it pays attention to depicting the inner feelings and facial expressions of the characters, while the singing style is between the two-person biography and the drama evaluation, with lively and unrestrained rhyme and strong style in western Liaoning.

Huerqin storytelling

Huerqin storytelling, which spreads in Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County, is a unique folk art form with distinctive national and regional cultural characteristics. Through the oral rap and inheritance of countless Mongolian folk artists, it shows infinite charm. Huerqin refers to an artist who tells books with a huqin. Huerqin storytelling refers to the Mongolian folk art form accompanied by Huerqin's rap story, with oral literature and written literature as the content, and with chanting, rap, slapping and performance as the means of expression.

Running yellow river

Running the Yellow River originated in Shaanxi and Henan. Folk commonly known as "Zhuanjiuqu" or "ZhuanDeng". Zi Ying Village, an official in Yusi Town, Fumeng County, is popular with the custom of "running the Yellow River". The custom of "running the Yellow River" was introduced in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. At that time, drought and famine were everywhere in Shaanxi and Henan, and many victims could not survive, so they had to "run to Kanto". During the migration of the victims, the local custom of "running to the Yellow River" was brought and passed down. It has a history of more than 400 years.

Nadam Fair

Nadam is a traditional activity and unique national custom of Mongolian people. Mongolian means entertainment, which is a traditional Mongolian mass gathering. Nadam began at the beginning of13rd century. At that time, Nadam held only one kind of competition: horse racing, archery and bok (wrestling). Nowadays, Nadam not only has traditional men's three-skill horse racing, archery and blog competitions, but also has added new contents such as cultural performances, film screenings and bonfire parties in Wulan Qi Mu. At the same time, we should carry out economic and trade activities, exchange needed goods and commend model workers. Its content and form have been greatly enriched and developed, and Nadam, an ancient activity, is showing new vitality and becoming a grassland grand event integrating culture, sports, economy, trade and tourism.

Shijiazi agate festival

On August 9, 2005, Shijiazi Town, Fumeng County was crowded with people and colored balls were hung high. The first "China? Ten agate culture festivals were held here. This is the first "Agate Culture Festival" in China, and it is an important event in the development history of gemstone industry in Fuxin and even the whole country. Nearly 10,000 tourists and merchants from the United States, Uruguay, Guangdong, Zhejiang and other domestic and foreign countries gathered in the "Top Ten Families" to see the elegance of "the first town of agate in China".

Fuxin paper-cut

Folk paper-cutting activities in Fuxin area are very active. Because it is located in western Liaoning, Manchu and Han live together and influence each other, with strong regional characteristics. It is distributed in rural areas such as Zhangfu County, Qinghemen District and Xihe District. Zhu Yuelan's works in Zuojia Village, Erjiazi Township, Zhangwu County, Li Junhe are the most typical. Li Jun's paper-cut works were influenced by the paper-cut works of the late folk paper-cut artist Li Mingyu. She improvised, cut, pasted and painted in one go.

Fuxin kite

Kite, also known as paper kite, is commonly known as kite. Its history can be traced back to more than 2000 years ago. Flying kites in Fuxin area has been widely popularized in society. Every February and March, many old people and children fly kites in the open space by the east wind. Many schools also regard flying kites as the second classroom activity to broaden students' knowledge, stimulate students' imagination, enhance students' practical ability and cultivate students' artistic accomplishment.

Fuxin agate

Fuxin agate resource reserves account for about 50% of the national total, and it is the largest agate processing base and trading distribution center in China. In 2005, the annual sales of agate products in China reached 500 million yuan and Fuxin reached 250 million yuan. Fuxin's agate products and its marketing network have strong influence and high popularity in the whole country.

Dongzang Culture-Hua Bing

Ice flower is a unique masterpiece of Buddhist culture and art in Pu 'an Temple. Its production technology has reached a superb level, and it is a beautiful oil painting handicraft. In Tibetan Buddhism, there are two kinds of oil-plastic handicrafts, one is ghee sculpture and the other is ice flower. Butter sculptures can be seen in large temples in general, and the butter sculptures in Ta 'er Temple in Qinghai enjoy the highest reputation in China. The ice flowers in Pu 'an Temple can be compared with the butter sculpture in Ta 'er Temple. This work of art, with its flawless white, enchanting and charming posture, exquisite and graceful posture, makes the viewer dumbfounded. This is unique in China and rare in the world.

Lama stewed meat

Although Lama stew is not on the spectrum of the eight major cuisines, it is not as spicy as Sichuan cuisine and Hunan cuisine, nor as fresh as Jiangsu and Zhejiang cuisine, but it has a unique flavor and is a pearl in the corner. "Lama stew", as its name implies, is the meat stewed by Lama. Fuxin is located at the southern tip of Horqin Desert. The weather is cold and dry, and there are few vegetables. Chinese cabbage can only be eaten in autumn. In order to store Chinese cabbage for a long time in the absence of vegetables in winter and spring, the border people thought of a way to flood Chinese cabbage. Use a barrel-shaped blank jar with a small opening at the bottom, put the washed Chinese cabbage into the jar, sprinkle with appropriate amount of salt and water, and then compact it with stones. This kind of flooded cabbage is slightly salty and not sour. It can be stored for a long time and will not go bad in the first year. The raw materials of "Lama stew" are salted cabbage and pork.

Lama meat porridge

Lama porridge originated in Ruiying Temple. Because it is porridge cooked by lamas with meat, bones and rice, it is called Lama porridge. When cooking meat porridge, first cut the meat in the pot and separate the meat from the blood. After stewing, take out the bones and put them in a big wooden jar. Then put the meat in the pot, and when the meat is cooked, take it out and put it in a wooden jar. At this time, put the rice into the oil soup, boil it and simmer it on low heat. When cooked, put the meat and bones in the wooden jar into the porridge and make up. Eating this kind of meat and bone porridge can greatly replenish your vitality. Zhang Zhongjing clearly pointed out in Treatise on Febrile Diseases that eating porridge is the most effective auxiliary method in drug treatment. Cao Cishan's porridge theory is the most auspicious, and "porridge can please people" is his basic view. It can be seen that "Lama porridge" is also one of the highest realms of eating.

Lama cake

Lama cake is a traditional cake of Mongolian people in Fuxin. It is made of refined flour, sugar and eggs as the main raw materials, and melon seeds, green red silk and osmanthus as the auxiliary raw materials, and baked in an oven. Its characteristics are white as snow, sweet, soft and elastic, and it is a nutritional product suitable for all ages.

mongolia pie

In the border town of western Liaoning, Mongolian and Han people live together, so it is not difficult to eat Mongolian food. On the one hand, these foods are very cheap, and on the other hand, ordinary shops can cook them. I was deeply impressed. The food I ate many times was "Mongolian Pie". "Mongolian cake" is a kind of primitive food created by Mongolian people living in Mongolian towns in their long-term life practice. It has distinctive national flavor and regional characteristics. "Mongolian Pie" is famous for its excellent color, fragrance, taste and shape.