What are the tourist attractions in Dunhuang?

1. Mogao Grottoes

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes is the general name of Mogao Grottoes and West Thousand Buddha Caves in Dunhuang City, Gansu Province. It is one of the four famous grottoes in my country. , is also the largest and best-preserved Buddhist art treasure house in the world. The Mogao Grottoes are located 25 kilometers southeast of Dunhuang City and are excavated on the cliff at the eastern foot of Mingsha Mountain. In the second year of Jianyuan of the former Qin Dynasty (AD 366), the Venerable Samana Le came to this place and saw thousands of golden paths on the Mingsha Mountain, which looked like thousands of Buddhas. He then had the idea of ????excavating. After that, construction continued, and it became a holy place for Buddhism. , named Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as Thousand Buddhas Cave. Chinese grotto art originated from India. Traditional Indian grotto statues are mainly stone sculptures. However, the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are not suitable for carving because of the rock quality, so the statues are mainly clay sculptures and murals. The entire cave generally has round sculptures in the front, and then gradually fades into tall sculptures, shadow sculptures, and wall sculptures. Finally, with murals as the background, the two arts of sculpture and painting are integrated. There were more than a thousand caves in Mogao Grottoes during the Tang Dynasty, and there are 492 existing caves, including 32 Wei Grottoes, 110 Sui Grottoes, 247 Tang Grottoes, 36 Five Dynasties Grottoes, 45 Song Grottoes, and 8 Yuan Grottoes. During the Northern Dynasties, the main statue in caves was usually Sakyamuni or Maitreya. On either side of the main statue were two attendant Bodhisattvas or one Buddha, two disciples, and two Bodhisattvas. The back of the statue is often connected to the mural. The top and four walls of the cave are covered with murals.

2. Mingsha Mountain-Crescent Spring Scenic Area

Mingsha Mountain was called Shensha Mountain and Shajiao Mountain in ancient times. It is about 40 kilometers long from east to west, 20 kilometers wide from north to south, and tens of meters high. It starts from the cliff top of Mogao Grottoes in the east and connects to Danghe Reservoir in the west. The peaks are steep and as powerful as a knife blade. The entire mountain is made of oily, fine rice-like yellow sand. . As I climbed up the mountain, I could feel the sand under my feet ringing. Although one foot was deeper and the other was shallower, I took one step forward and half a step back. It was extremely difficult to climb the mountain, but I still felt endless fun. I gathered my strength and climbed to the top. At this time, I suddenly felt a strong wind carrying fine sand, blowing towards me, and the sound was endless, and the footprints left behind me soon disappeared. It is said that when a strong wind blows, the sand and gravel sliding down from the top of the mountain will fall with the human body, and the sand mountain will make a huge noise. When the breeze blows on weekdays, it will resemble orchestra strings and bamboos, hence the name Mingsha Mountain. The sunset landscape of Mingsha Mountain is even more intoxicating. It is a must-see and is breathtaking. Crescent Moon Spring is about 300 meters long and 50 meters wide. It is surrounded by Mingsha Mountain. The poplars stand tall beside the spring. Fish swim leisurely in the spring. The spring water is light blue, clear and soft, and tastes sweet. Because the water surface resembles a bend Named after the new moon. Crescent Moon Spring, a dreamlike mystery. For thousands of years, it has not been submerged by the surrounding quicksand and has not dried up due to drought. It is called the best spring in the desert in the world, which is amazing.

3. Dunhuang

Dunhuang is a pearl in the world's art treasure house. It is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor in northwest China, with a north latitude of 40 degrees 10 minutes and an east diameter of 92 degrees 48 minutes. It borders Anxi County to the east, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to the northwest, and Qinghai across Aksai Kazakh Autonomous County to the south. It is a small oasis surrounded by mountains, deserts, and Gobi. The whole territory covers an area of ??31,200 square kilometers, with an average altitude of 1,100 meters and an average annual temperature of 9.3 degrees. Dunhuang has a glorious chapter in the long history of China. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, it has been a major throat on the Silk Road and a transportation fortress between China and the West. It was a metropolis handed over to Huarong. Dunhuang has a long history, splendid culture, dotted with scenic spots and historic sites, and unique and charming natural scenery. There are 241 cultural relics attractions such as grotto temple ruins, ancient tombs, Han Dynasty Great Wall, passes, ancient cities, Fengsui, and ancient inns. The world-famous Mogao Grottoes, a world cultural heritage of mankind, the eternal Yangguan Pass, Yumen Pass, the extraordinary and magical Mingsha Mountain, Crescent Moon Spring, the legendary Wowa Pond, Sanwei Mountain, Yadan Devil City, especially Mogao The culture and art of the Caves of the West, the West Thousand Buddha Caves, and the Yulin Caves, as well as the historical relics of the Great Wall of the Han Dynasty and Xuanquan Zhi, are all fascinating and keep people coming and going.

4. Crescent Moon Spring

Yaquan, known as Shajing in ancient times and commonly known as Yaoquan, has been one of the "Eight Scenic Spots of Dunhuang" since the Han Dynasty and is named "Yuequan Xiaoche". Crescent Moon Spring is nearly 100 meters long from north to south and about 25 meters wide from east to west. The spring water is deep in the east and shallow in the west. The deepest point is about 5 meters. It is curved like a crescent moon, hence its name. It is also known as "the first spring in the desert". Mingsha Mountain Crescent Spring Scenic Area is located in Dunhuang City at the western end of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province. Crescent Moon Spring is located in Dunhuang City at the western end of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province. Dunhuang is a famous city and important town on the ancient "Silk Road". In the long history of cultural exchanges between China and the West, this place was once a gathering place for Chinese and Western cultural celebrities. Due to the mutual integration and integration, the world-famous "Dunhuang Culture" was created and left many cultural treasures for mankind. Crescent Moon Spring, known as Shajing in ancient times and commonly known as Yaoquan, has been one of the "Eight Scenic Spots of Dunhuang" since the Han Dynasty and was named "Yuequan Xiaoche". Crescent Moon Spring is nearly 100 meters long from north to south and about 25 meters wide from east to west. The spring water is deep in the east and shallow in the west. The deepest point is about 5 meters. It is curved like a crescent moon, hence its name. It is also known as "the first spring in the desert". A clear spring with lingering ripples as green as emerald. The spring is in the quicksand, it does not dry up in drought, and the sand does not fall when the wind blows, which is a wonder. Scholars of the past dynasties have praised this unique mountain spring landform and desert wonders.

5. Mingsha Mountain

In China, there are many tourist attractions called "Mingsha Mountain". Dunhuang Mingsha Mountain is because of its long history and culture and scenic characteristics. It is the most representative one among them and the most well-known, so it is introduced in a separate column. "The preaching is strange, the sand is strange, Xuanhan is also humming, the power is suspicious, the sky is stirring, Yin is like thunder, the wind is sharpening, and the human navel blade is uneven."

This vivid poem about the scenery is a Tang Dynasty poet's description of the wonders of Mingsha Mountain in Dunhuang. Mingsha Mountain has attracted people with its bright and vivid natural wonders since ancient times. In the Western Han Dynasty, there was a record that Mingsha Mountain seemed to be playing bells, drums, and orchestral music. "Book of the Later Han·Zhiguo Zhi" quoted from the Southern Dynasties' "Qi Jiu Ji" as saying: "The mountains have the difference of Mingsha, and the water has the god of hanging springs." "Old Book of Tang·Geography" records Mingsha Mountain: "When the weather is fine, the sound of sand can be heard in Qiancheng". A posthumous note from Dunhuang records that Mingsha Mountain "sings to itself in midsummer, and people and horses trample on it. The sound vibrates for dozens of miles. According to the custom of the Dragon Boat Festival, all the children in the city reach the peak and frown together, and the roar of the sand is like thunder." "Dunhuang County Chronicle" of the Qing Dynasty listed "Shaling Qingming" as one of the eight scenic spots in Dunhuang. Mingsha Mountain is a national key scenic spot.

6. Yangguan Ruins

Yangguan is located on the "Antique Beach" 70 kilometers southwest of Dunhuang City. It is named because it is south of Yumen Pass. As early as 121 BC, in order to resist the harassment of the border areas by the Xiongnu, the Western Han Dynasty established the four counties of Wuwei, Zhangye, Jiuquan and Dunhuang in the Hexi Corridor, and also established Yangguan and Yumen Pass. From then on, Yangguan served as the gateway to the Western Regions and the only pass on the southern route of the "Silk Road". Its strategic position was extremely important. Since the Western Han Dynasty, many dynasties have used this place as a strategic military location and sent troops to guard it. The eminent monk Xuanzang returned to China from India to obtain Buddhist scriptures. He took the southern route of the Silk Road and entered Yangguan in the east before returning to Chang'an. Cen Shen, a poet from the frontier fortress, once wrote a poem: "I have been on official duty for two years, and I have spent two years in Yangguan." After the Song Dynasty, the quicksand from Bailongdui was voracious, forcing people to retreat eastward, and Yangguan was buried by the ruthless desert. Today, the former Yangguan battlements have long since disappeared, and the only sight and sound - a beacon tower on Dundun Mountain still stands proudly.

7. Gansu Dunhuang Yadan National Geopark

Gansu Dunhuang Yadan National Geopark is located about 180 kilometers northwest of Dunhuang, a famous historical and cultural city in my country, and about 100 kilometers northwest of Yumen Pass. . The park covers an area of ??398 square kilometers. It is a Yadan landform landscape mainly formed by wind erosion. Various wind-eroded landforms with unique shapes are concentrated and contiguous in the geopark, such as "Mongolian yurt", "Camel", "Stone Bird", "Stone Man", "Stone Buddha", "Stone Horse", etc. Thousands of poses and expressions, lifelike. It is like an ancient city in the Middle Ages, and many of the world's famous buildings can be found here in miniature, which is astounding to the world. After nightfall, the sharp wind makes a terrifying howl, like thousands of wild beasts roaring, which is terrifying, hence the name "Devil City". Dunhuang Devil City is part of ancient Lop Nur. It is a desert plain area with sufficient sunlight, low rainfall, high evaporation, and windy weather all year round, with the maximum wind force reaching level 12 or above. Geologically, it is located in the center of the Dunhuang-Shurle River fault basin in the Cenozoic Era (about 65 million years ago). The rocks of the Yadan landform were formed in the Middle Pleistocene about 700,000 years ago and are a set of sandy and muddy sediments of fluvial and lacustrine facies. The colors are gray, gray-green and earthy yellow.

8. Xuanquanzhi Ruins

Xuanquanzhi Ruins is a small square castle with the door facing east and surrounded by tall courtyard walls with a side length of 50 meters and a protruding structure at the southwest corner. The turret of the dock body. The dock wall is made of adobe with a length, width and thickness of about 40, 20 and 11 centimeters. There are 3 groups of 12 adobe-walled bungalows (including one suite) built in different periods on the west and north walls of the dock, which are accommodation areas; office buildings are on the east and north sides; and there are three stables in the southwest and north corners. There is a group of three stables about 50 meters long and running north-south in the southwest outside the dock. The western part of the dock is a waste accumulation area. Xuanquan Zhi is called a major new discovery in the ancient world in 1990. The place is equivalent to a post station for later generations. Archaeological excavations have proven that in the same year (101 BC) when Li Guang conquered Dayuan and captured the Blood Horse, the Western Han Dynasty set up an important institution in Xuanquan, which was dedicated to delivering official documents and mails and receiving passing officials, envoys and troops. .

9. Imitation of the ancient city of the Song Dynasty

It is located 10 kilometers west of Dunhuang City, adjacent to the Gobi Oasis in the east, the beacons of the Han Dynasty in the west, the foothills of Mingsha Mountain in the south, and the desert wilderness in the north. The city was a film and television city funded by the Japanese side and designed and constructed by the Chinese side in July 1987 when they were cooperating in the filming of the movie "Dunhuang". Since the story of "Dunhuang" took place in the Song Dynasty, all the city's scenery was built in accordance with the style of the Song Dynasty, so it is called the Imitation Song Dunhuang Ancient City or the Imitation Song Shazhou City. The locals simply call it Dunhuang Movie City or Dunhuang Ancient City. After the filming of the movie was completed, the ancient city was handed over to the local area for protection and use, and became a film and television shooting base in western China. Dunhuang also gained a new tourist attraction. The ancient city is large in scale, covering a total area of ??100,000 square meters and a construction area of ??11,100 square meters. The surrounding city walls are made of adobe, with three gates in the east, west and south. The East City Gate is modeled after the original Dunhuang East City Gate, which is simple and elegant; the West City Gate has a towering gate tower, 18 meters high, which is called Wangjing Tower, with a plaque inscribed with the Western Regions hanging on the upper floor. The two city towers are soaring in the sky, with their four corners raised, facing each other far away. There are five neighborhoods in the city, representing the five places of Bianliang, Gaochang, Ganzhou and Xingqing during the Northern Song Dynasty.

10. Wowa Pond

Swans stop here, yellow ducks live here, fish fly in the shallow bottom, and birds reflect in the lake. Standing on the lake embankment and looking around, you will feel relaxed and happy at the crystal blue lake water, the grasslands with red flowers and green grass, the magnificent sand mountains, and the silvery snow peaks. According to historical records, in the third year of Yuanshou (120 BC), the third year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there was a minor official named Huali Chang in Xinye, Nanyang, Henan. He was sentenced for a crime and was exiled and sent to this place to farm and herd horses.

While grazing the horses, he saw a group of wild horses coming to the Wowa Pond to drink water every evening. One day, he discovered a unique horse among the wild horses. This horse is tall, has extraordinary bones, maroon hair, and runs like a ball of fire. The profiteering leader knew that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty loved BMW, so he planned to capture it and dedicated it to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. In order to make the horse look mysterious and strange, he lied that the horse flew out of the water in Wowa Pond.