Weekly notes on the internship of architecture specialty

Internship: Tangshan Fucheng Architectural Planning and Design Institute.

Internship post: architectural design

Internship time: 2010.12-2011.6.

1, 1 Thursday, 13.

The day of internship has finally begun, and I have been looking forward to its early arrival. If the theoretical knowledge learned in school can't be understood in combination with practice, then the score in the exam will not mean anything at all. So I want to take advantage of this production practice to learn more things that I can't learn in school, to combine theory with practice, to deepen my understanding of woodworking specialty, and to help me learn and master professional courses in the future.

I chose the design institute as the internship site, mainly because of my personal development. Besides studying architecture and structural design, it is not easy to go to the construction site to learn the construction knowledge of the design institute, so it is not easy to say such complicated and difficult things in the diary. Finally, I entered a privately contracted design institute. There are only 30 people here. Although the design institute is small, I heard that there are still many projects. Everyone has a computer, which is similar to what I thought. Fortunately, when I first came here, I had a place to sit and a computer. It happens that I can draw here. The teacher said that I will use this drawing software when I graduate, and I must use this drawing software when designing this area. But the school didn't offer this course. I'm surprised. If I have strange time, I might as well spend time teaching myself. I borrowed a cad course from the library and wanted to study hard in the summer vacation. Now it seems that it is really wise to choose an internship in a design institute.

2. Monday 65438+ 10/7

I have been here for a week, and my computer is really losing its teeth. I won't talk about it slowly. The most intolerable thing is collapse. I just entered the program here, where the mouse arrow was stuck like a universal glue, and I couldn't move, so I had to restart it. At this time, a problem appeared. The spring of the restart button should be dead. If the button is pressed, it will never rebound, which forces me to punish the host and fight it. Beat, hit and bounce, forcing it to bounce back under the action of external force. It's polite to hit three times an hour. Gradually, I mastered the skills of restarting. Now the plane crash is a small case for me, except trouble. When it restarts, I can have a little rest. Facing the computer for a long time is not good for the body and eyes, which is also the disadvantage of long-term design work!

3.65438+1Monday, October 24th

Today, I operated several simple commands according to the cad tutorial. L is to draw a straight line, E is to delete, S is to stretch, T is to trim, C is to copy, M is to move ... You can also set the function of capturing objects when drawing, which is very convenient to use. This is much faster than hand drawing. How long did it take me to design hand-drawn drawings at the end of last semester? I keep drawing pictures from morning till night and get them on the computer. An hour can be a day. But then again, only hand-drawing can deepen the understanding and understanding of those details and lay a solid foundation for cad drawing. !

4. 1 Saturday, 29th.

You don't have to go to work from today. You can sleep in the morning and wake up naturally. Some time ago, I got up early because I went to work, because my home is far from my work, and I have to change trains to get there. However, compared with the rare internship opportunity, I still think it's worth it. Every time I take the bus, I always choose the front seat. When I feel uncomfortable, I think, when the internship is over, I will use cad and understand architectural design. When you get carried away, your attention will shift, as if you won't get carsick.

5. Monday, February 14.

Working again, happy times are always short. Everyone here paints quickly. When I stand by and watch them, I often don't see them typing any orders. I only hear the crackling keyboard and mouse clicks, and the graphics will be drawn soon, but I haven't even understood their drawing ideas yet. There is a very good colleague in the office. His home is close to mine, so I have nothing to be embarrassed about. I often ask him if he doesn't understand. He is fine, as long as he tells me everything. Of course, I won't interfere with their work when they are busy. I usually write down the questions I don't understand first, and then ask them when I have time. The problem of painting is to ask whoever you catch, and the problem of architecture is of course to ask colleagues. My colleague said that Tianzheng CAD software is the most commonly used software in architectural design, and he also lent me some books, all of which are tutorials about these software.

Tuesday, February 22nd.

I watched Tianzheng class for a while in the morning. This book introduces the basic functions and operation methods of Tianzheng. Tianzheng software has developed a series of user-defined objects representing professional building components, which are convenient to use and universal. For example, all kinds of wall components have complete geometric and material characteristics. In AutoCAD, they can be operated like ordinary graphic objects, can be stretched at will, change the geometric shape with grips, and can be intelligently linked with doors and windows according to the relationship, which greatly improves the editing efficiency. Design can't rely entirely on these softwares, they only play an auxiliary role, so it is very important to learn theoretical knowledge at school. It is also necessary to clearly know how to do each step of the design, why to do it, how many methods there are, and what situation each method is suitable for. It seems that the design is not as simple as I thought, so we should redouble our efforts!

Wednesday, 2 March

I use cad as the first step in the morning, and I need to practice harder. If you don't draw for two days, you will forget two orders, which is not acceptable. I should master cad first, which is the foundation.

I met a little problem when I was drawing today. When selecting an object, you can point the mouse directly at the edited object. For a straight line, selecting it is very simple, but when selecting multiple straight lines or multiple objects, this operation method is too troublesome. At this point, you can select a box. Click the left mouse button to determine a base point, and then drag the mouse to open a rectangular box in which all the objects to be edited are framed. Release the mouse and you can find that it is being edited. However, there are also some shortcomings. In this way, lines that don't need to be edited are often selected in the box selection. At this time, you can hold down the shift key and click on the unwanted object, and it will become a solid line. If you select too many lines in the box that don't need to be edited, holding down the shift key may lead to more clicks than directly selecting them. Even if I choose the box carefully, I will inevitably choose it because it is interspersed with unnecessary lines. I think this is very troublesome. It seems that this should be the place where cad is not perfect.

It's almost time to get off work, and colleagues start chatting. I went to see brother Zhang and asked them if there was any good way to deal with this situation when drawing. Brother Zhang said with a smile, it's very simple. He just opened a picture from the desktop and showed it to me, so that I could carefully observe whether there was any difference in the box pulled out by the mouse. Turns out it's really different. Sometimes it's a dotted box, sometimes it's a solid wireframe. When it is clicked, the object in the box must be completely framed before it can be selected. The operational difference between a solid wireframe and a dashed wireframe lies in whether the mouse drags to the left or to the right. Drag the mouse to the left, whether it is up or down, a dotted wireframe will appear, and drag it to the right, a realistic wireframe will appear.

Tuesday, March 8.

I have been practicing cad these two days. After all, it is the foundation. I must be strong. I borrowed a relatively simple residential floor plan from my colleagues who do architectural design for sample drawing practice. It took me all morning to draw two rooms. Because I read a book after I went back last night, I knew I had to build a layer when I painted first. For example, the axis is a layer, which is usually represented by a red dotted line. That is to say, all the axes on this diagram are represented in this way. Walls, doors, windows, stairs, details, words, labels, etc. They should all be set with layers, and the color settings should be different, which is convenient for looking at pictures, drawing and modifying. So I set the layer carefully from the beginning and did it step by step according to the book. Although it's a little slow, I'm sure my speed will increase after I get proficient.

9.3 Saturday, 65438 +09

I wonder if going to work on Saturday is a feature of the design institute. Although the dean didn't ask me to come, since I'm here as an intern, it's just like going to work. Anyway, there is nothing to do at home, and painting can also learn technology.

After a few days of sitting on the sidelines (that is, people who stand by and watch painting here), I found that everyone's drawing ideas are different, but the same goal can be achieved in different ways. How to achieve the fastest depends not only on the keyboard speed and the flexible use of the mouse, but also on the drawing ideas. If the thinking is wrong, we may take detours, do repetitive work, and even waste precious time. Therefore, thinking is very important. If you want to master the correct painting thinking, you must also rely on long-term painting experience to accumulate, think more and summarize more.

Monday 10 and March 2 1

This is a new week. Last week I mainly practiced cad. Now I can draw some simple building plans, from the initial establishment of layers to the final dimensioning and pattern filling. It is not difficult to get started with cad, but it takes time to use it well. It's a matter of time.

Today's task is to practice cad and consolidate some orders learned last week. I plan to have a good look at Tianzheng's books this week, cooperate with computer operation, and deepen my impression. With the guidance of famous teachers here, I can get twice the result with half the effort.

When drawing, I wrote down the different commands I used on paper in case I forgot them. After all, I started to learn. I think it is necessary to write them down so that I can recall them later. I don't have to read books or ask people.

1 1, Wednesday, March 30th

I know something today. First of all, I know the whole process of building. The formation and process of the building are as follows: investor's investment-national examination and approval-design institute's architectural scheme-winning the bid-design institute's architectural design (including building elevation, elevation, section, water and electricity heating design)-approval by the Ministry of Construction-construction by the construction unit-supervision review-construction completion, handover-decoration by the decoration company-handover. In the whole process, the design part of the building occupies a very important position. Therefore, when designing, every step should be in accordance with the regulations, and every step should be cautious. There is also a process in design: making an architectural plan (which must meet the structural requirements)-carrying out graphic design (the architect will make adjustments while designing, and the graphic practice should meet the structural requirements. At the same time, the architect will carry out structural design, and the two will be carried out simultaneously and completed simultaneously)-elevation and section design-water, electricity, heating and elevator design. After a general understanding of these aspects, we carried out the actual operation-drawing. The program used for drawing is Auto CAD-Computer Aided Design. The program has two-dimensional and three-dimensional drawing functions. I made a two-dimensional picture of the building in horizontal, vertical and cross-section. To draw a picture, you must first understand the function, and then be familiar with the usage of each tool inside. Drawing also has steps: axis-wall-doors and windows-stairs-interior layout-marking. You have to modify it while drawing. Just started to draw some simple house plans, and learned to use shortcut keys to make drawings. There are also some difficulties in the drawing process, such as the intersection of arc and straight line, the closure of graphics, the drawing of stairs and so on. When doing these things, mistakes often occur, which will affect the next operation. In these operations, you need to be careful and patient enough to modify them.

12, Monday, April 4th

Tomorrow is Tomb-Sweeping Day, with a three-day holiday. You don't have to get up early. You can draw pictures at home and look at the specifications. I downloaded a manual last night. It turns out that there are many things that you can't draw as you want.

Tuesday 13, April 12

The manager asked me to make a design and construction drawing of a commercial building. This is the first time for me to leave school and go to the design institute to make construction drawings. Their time requirements are urgent and the cycle is short. I must keep up with their progress. At first, I thought it would go well, because I thought it was too simple, and the result was not as simple as I thought. Later, many problems were found in the scheme, and many places did not meet the requirements of the specification. Because the area of the house has been determined in the general plan, the modification of the functional partition behind it is very limited. So I realized that when designing, we must be very familiar with the specifications, otherwise it will make the following construction drawings difficult. I didn't make much money in the end. Because the project was badly needed, the manager took over and did it himself. What a pity. Because the details of the real construction drawing are deep and many specifications are unknown, I feel very depressed, so I need to learn with an open mind and read more materials. With the further development of construction drawing, it's time to practice drawing detailed drawings, which is my weakness. Because the foundation in school is not firm, I don't know what the real standard detail drawing is like, and I haven't seen any practice at all, so it takes a lot of time and pressure to figure it out. In order to make greater progress, the manager worked overtime after work.

Monday 14 and April 18

I finally know how to print pictures. Today, the director gave me three pictures, which are sulfuric acid paper, and asked me to take them to the graphic design room on the first floor to print them. After going down, I gave the map to the staff there, told her to make two copies each, and went upstairs first. When I went back, the director asked me if the painting was dry. I am surprised to say that it has just been sent down. He said the picture was urgent and asked me to wait. When it is dry, I will take it out. I wonder when I can wait. Unexpectedly, I went to the graphic design room and saw that two pictures had been printed, which was too fast. I always thought that printing pictures was a rather complicated physical and chemical reaction process, but I didn't expect it to be as simple as copying, except that I used a special yellow-green paper, covered with sulfuric acid paper, and put it in a machine that can emit purple light, and the pictures were printed.

15, Thursday, April 28th

The office is very busy this morning. There are several people in the real estate company, so we should call the representative of Party A. According to their requirements, the renderings have been made in the hospital, but it seems that Party A is not very satisfied. This project is a commercial pedestrian street in a county-level city. Party A thinks it's best to remove the stone gate at the entrance, and the effect will be better. The architectural scheme was made by Wu Gong, and the original design was made according to the requirements of Party A.. What Party A wants is Shimen, which looks very imposing. Now the renderings have come out, but the feeling is not ideal. The design institute is required to redesign and remove the stone gate. When Party A left, I asked Wu Gong if there were many such cases, and he said it was normal. This repetitive work is a common occurrence for design institutes. This time, only one door is removed, which basically won't involve too many things, so the workload of modification is not great. Sometimes Party A will completely reject your design scheme, and you have to redesign it. Now Party A is very picky, and the design fee is not so easy to get. It seems that it is not easy to do any work!

16, Friday, April 6th

Zhang Gong and I went to Guye. There is a project here, and he said he could take me to see the construction site of a project here by the way. Of course, I will welcome it.

There are many steel bars on the construction site. Some workers are processing steel bars and some workers are binding steel bars on the floor. I told Zhao Gong that I would go with He Gong who took us to the construction site. I went to see the operation of workers tying steel bars. They are building molds, and Zhang Gong said that the binding of these steel bars is also specified. I also saw this in the practice class of architectural introduction, but I didn't pay attention at that time, so I didn't know the rules of steel binding. So I asked He Gong to elaborate.

Before steel binding, be familiar with the drawings carefully, check whether the ingredient list is different from the drawings and design, and carefully check whether the size and heart of the finished product are consistent with the blanking list. You cannot bind until you verify it. Steel bars with a diameter greater than 12 shall be bound with 20# iron wire, and steel bars with a diameter less than 10 shall be bound with 22# iron wire.

What I see is mainly the binding of steel bars between beams and slabs.

(1) When the longitudinal stressed steel bars are arranged in double or multi-layers, short steel bars with a diameter of 15mm should be placed between the two rows of steel bars. If the diameter of longitudinal reinforcement is greater than 25mm, the diameter specification of short reinforcement is the same as that of longitudinal reinforcement.

(2) Stirrup joints shall be staggered and fastened with two vertical rods. There is a stirrup joint under the cantilever cantilever beam, and the rest is the same as the column. The external angles of beam main reinforcement and stirrup should be all bound, and the rest can be bound at plum blossom point.

(3) Two-way slab reinforced intersection should be completely tied up. Pay attention to the negative reinforcement (gluten) on the upper part of the board to prevent being trampled.

(4) When the reinforcement at the joint of the frame beam is very dense, it should be noted that the net distance of the main reinforcement at the top of the beam should be 30mm to facilitate the need of pouring concrete. Not only that, there are many rules and requirements that I can only check by myself, and He Gong can't finish talking for a while. He also mentioned that the lap length of the steel bar binding joint should not be less than 10 times of the diameter of the end steel bar from the bending of the steel bar, and the joint should not be at the maximum bending moment of the component.

Because it was hot, we just watched it for a while and then went back, but we still enjoyed Zhang Gong's explanation.

Tuesday, June 17 and April 10.

In the morning, the director brought me a sulfuric acid diagram to take care of, because the electronic version of this diagram was lost. The director gave me two days to finish this task, haha, the CAD I practiced finally came in handy.

This is a detailed drawing of the stairs, including one side view, five plan views and four reinforcement views of the stair slab. I made a preliminary estimate of my own strength, and it will take about a day and a half to complete it. Besides, two days is just right, but I still have to hurry. How to say that the first task must be completed on time with good quality and quantity!

I've been painting all morning, and my neck is a little sore before drawing the outline of the stairs. Maybe it's because I haven't practiced for a few days and painted stairs for the first time. It was a little slow at first, but it was much better in the afternoon. By the time I got off work, I had drawn five more ladder diagrams. It should be no problem to draw the remaining four reinforcement schemes tomorrow. It seems that my speed is ok!

18, April 1st

The first thing in the morning is to turn on the computer and continue to draw my stairs. It's strange that yesterday morning, only the stair profile was drawn, and the floor plan drawn in the afternoon was gone. I got off work with my colleagues last night, so no one will use this computer again, and my drawings will not be deleted by mistake. Brother Zhang asked me if I had saved the drawings. Yes, I seem to be so busy that I forgot to save it. Alas, this is called haste makes waste. Zhang Ge said with a smile that he didn't know anything when he first came, and he didn't have the habit of keeping it at any time. Once he worked hard all day, and suddenly the whole picture was lost after the power was cut off. Repainting is a piece of cake. This small mistake not only caused manpower, time and time. As long as you get into the habit, you will feel that it is natural to keep and operate at any time. Brother Zhang said that he helped me to change the default automatic saving time of the computer to 5 minutes, so that even if I forget to save it, the computer will automatically save it every 5 minutes, so that drawing will be foolproof in the future.

Saturday 19, April 2 1

I downloaded a high-end version of Tianzheng. Although Tianzheng is installed in my computer, I can't. I asked Angkor to help me find out the problem. Angkor said that I was missing one thing, that is, the dog, which can be understood as the key to open genuine software. I wonder why I gave it the name "dog". It turns out that it is something like a USB flash drive, just plugged into the USB interface. Angkor lent me his, but it still doesn't work. We guess it may be a software problem, because it still doesn't work after reinstallation. I have been reading the help menu in Tianzheng software for a few days, and there are related instructions and introductions, so I can only understand them first. When I go back at night, I still wonder if "dog" is a transliteration of "walk".

Tuesday, April 24th.

I have been watching the Explorer tutorial this morning and learned the main structural modeling steps. They are too busy, so let me help.

The first is to enter the human-computer interaction modeling from the main menu, and the content is

1, the axis grid of each layer plane, and the grid plane of each layer can be the same or different.

2. Input the section data of columns, beams, walls, openings, inclined column supports, secondary beams and sandwich beams, and arrange these components on plane grids and nodes.

3. Main design parameters of each structural layer, such as floor thickness and concrete strength grade.

4. Input dead load and live load acting on beams, walls, columns and nodes.

5. Define the standard floor load and floor constant, as well as the live uniform load on each floor.

6. According to the structure standard layer, load standard layer and the height of each layer, the total number of layers shall be assembled.

7. Design parameters, material information, wind load information and earthquake information, etc.

8. Check the model established in the previous step, find errors and prompt the user. Connect the upper members according to the structural arrangement of the upper and lower floors.

The second step is the detailed layout of the floor. The main contents are as follows

1, layout of prefabricated panels in each room

2. Make a hole in the floor

3. Modify and adjust the floor thickness of each room.

4. Cast-in-situ cantilever floor.

5. Set a separation layer in each room.

6, decorate the ring beam of masonry structure

This step is also a necessary operation step to link up the previous modeling and subsequent design cad.

Step 3, generate load information.

1. Modify and adjust the constant and live uniform load value of each room on each load standard floor.

2, floor load conduction calculation, produce the force between beams and walls and between beams.

3. Calculation of structural self-weight.

4. Calculation of conduction from constant live load to foundation.

Finally, display, check and print out various loads. But it's a bit difficult, I don't understand, and the interlacing is like a mountain.

Wednesday 2 1 and May 1

There is a new task today, the Linxi Guest House in guye district, Tangshan. It is urgent, but it looks picturesque. After painting, I still need to proofread. As a result, there are too many problems, and many places have not been considered. Like the elevation angle of the compass, the label of the pager is lost. I can only keep changing it and show it to him. In the end, I was impatient, but I could do nothing. After it was finally passed, I gave this picture to the people who do water heating and electricity, and then it was their job.

Thursday, 9 May.

After a period of practice, I found my own problems: on the one hand, drawing is not standardized, on the other hand, some practices are unrealistic. After these changes, it is necessary to calculate heat preservation and energy saving, such as window-wall ratio and shading coefficient. , should be written in the architectural design. After all this is done, it is a drawing, and such a set of construction drawings is completed. I have gained a lot since I came here, which makes me feel very satisfied. In the process of learning, the manager and colleagues gave me great help and taught me how to use shortcut keys. If I use a few tips in the process of painting, I can really get twice the result with half the effort, so that I can avoid detours in my study.

Internship harvest: I think internship is mainly to promote our future work and business ability, enhance our future competitiveness, and add a cornerstone for our future foothold. The manager also gave me many opportunities to communicate with Party A, which made me understand many problems that I will face when I engage in design work in the future. This internship has enriched my knowledge in this field, made me step forward to a deeper level, and promoted my foothold in the future society to a certain extent. However, I also realize that it is not enough to rely on internship these days, but also to accumulate bit by bit in my usual study and work and constantly enrich my experience. The road ahead of us is still very long, and we need constant efforts and struggles to really go well.

Through this internship, I also have a feeling that the construction industry is a very challenging profession, and it is impossible without real skills. In order to be competent for this job in the future, we must learn every subject well now. The construction industry is also an industry involving many people, and you will meet all kinds of people. In the face of such a complicated social circle, you can learn a lot from them, get rid of some bad behaviors, and at the same time, you can enhance your communication skills by contacting different objects, so that you can be more confident and powerful in your later life!

Generally speaking, I think this internship in the design and research institute is quite satisfactory. First of all, this internship met the minimum requirements I set for myself: I got a preliminary understanding of the architecture, workflow and working environment of the design institute, the daily work of designers, and got to know some architects and designers engaged in design work. Secondly, I also improved my application level of computer graphics software and learned some graphics software that I had never learned before. In addition, in the process of retouching and drawing many times, I have deepened my understanding of the design. But there are still many things that make me dissatisfied: the daily communication is not active enough, which leads to difficulties in my work; In addition, my computer software operation level is limited, and I often encounter considerable difficulties in the process of further work ... I believe I can fully absorb the experience and lessons of this internship and improve myself in my future work.