Why tornadoes are hard to predict?

The American film Tornado should have left a deep impression on many people who have seen it. A tornado hit the farm and the crops were swept away. A big tree was uprooted and thrown away like grass; Although these are movie stunts, they really show the power of tornadoes. Tornadoes have brought such a great disaster to mankind. So, can we accurately and timely predict the location and moving direction of tornadoes?

Unfortunately, however, tornadoes come quickly and in a small area, so it is difficult to reflect them on the weather map and it is very difficult to predict.

1, tornado "small head". Tornado is a very destructive small-scale weather phenomenon, the diameter is generally below 100 meters, and a tornado can reach several hundred meters to 1 km. Compared with the "big guys" in weather systems such as typhoons and subtropical high, tornadoes definitely belong to "little guys". At present, our weather stations are not dense enough, so that tornadoes often escape the "eyes" of meteorological monitoring.

2. The "short life" of a tornado. Tornado strong convective weather often occurs suddenly and has a relatively short impact on a certain area. "Life history" is only ten minutes to an hour, and some even a few minutes. Therefore, it is very difficult to forecast the severe convective weather in some areas 24 hours or 48 hours in advance.

3. The environment of tornado's birth is very complicated. The generation and development of strong convective weather such as tornado need to measure the comprehensive atmospheric conditions, which are often unpredictable and inaccurate. In addition, different terrain factors in different regions further increase the difficulty of accurate monitoring and forecasting.

At present, the only thing that can detect tornado movement is pulse impact radar. This kind of radar can emit light beams. After the light beam enters the clouds, it meets the water droplets and ice crystals in the clouds, is reflected and received, and is automatically input into the computer. After computer processing, the data of cloud distribution, direction and moving speed will be output. According to these data, meteorologists can predict the formation and development of tornadoes.

According to the data, meteorologists can now launch rockets into the clouds that will form tornadoes to promote cumulonimbus clouds and prevent tornadoes.