What kind of geographical climate does Guangzhou litchi need to grow?

Editor's note: Excessive warm winter and wet winter are one of the severe climatic conditions that seriously restrict litchi flowering. However, production practice has proved that under the same climatic conditions, orchards with high management level and management measures in place are full of flowers and fruits; Orchards with low management level and inadequate management measures have few flowers and fruits. Litchi loses a spring when it blooms, and its economic income is equal to one year. At present, it is a critical period for litchi flowering in our county. All localities should organize and mobilize the masses to do a good job of controlling buds and promoting flowers as soon as possible according to the current warm and wet winter weather conditions and the situation of litchi budding. Now, the successful practices of our county in coping with warm winter and wet winter atmosphere to promote litchi flowering for more than 30 years are summarized and printed for reference by all localities and comrades, so as to achieve the purpose of "attracting jade" and strive for high and stable yield of litchi in the county next year. Towns should send a copy of this announcement to village committees and relevant natural villages, so as to facilitate people's study and reference, as a concrete measure to practice Theory of Three Represents and implement Scientific Outlook on Development.

Every year1February (especially before "heavy snow" to "slight cold") is the key period for litchi flowering in our county. However, due to the high temperature, more rain and high air humidity since the winter of this year, it is extremely unfavorable for litchi to control shoot flowering. According to the current weather conditions of warm winter and wet winter in this county and the difficulty of controlling litchi new shoots, the following countermeasures should be taken to ensure the smooth flowering of litchi next year (for reference only).

First, kill Dongya. Winter buds without big leaves should be killed by killing bud elements or litchi buds. Add 8 ml of winter bud killer to 30 kg of water to kill winter buds.

Second, promote the maturity of late autumn buds. For the autumn shoots that are not mature and full before the "winter solstice", it is necessary to increase the application amount of potassium fertilizer, and spray foliar fertilizer or amino acid foliar fertilizer with high phosphorus, potassium and calcium content on the leaves to promote leaf aging and strong branches.

Third, cut the early winter buds short. For litchi trees with early winter shoots, the last chance of flowering is to cut off immature branches with scissors before the "winter solstice" 10- 15 days, and spray with Huaguoling 1 bag+cytokinin after short cutting to promote flowering.

Fourth, mend the knife and peel it. Because of the high temperature and much rain, it is necessary to carry out spiral girdling and girdling on the trees whose bark has been completely healed or basically healed. The upper end interface of spiral girdling can be supplemented with a spiral girdling tool with 0.8- 1.0 turns.

Five, spraying should be evenly soaked. When spraying the tip control medicine on the leaf surface, it must be soaked evenly, so that the liquid medicine can soak the leaf surface and the terminal bud, and let the liquid medicine flow to the 2-3 axillary buds at the lower end of the terminal bud.

Sixth, clean the garden quickly as soon as possible. It is necessary to remove litter and weeds in the garden as soon as possible, speed up the evaporation of soil moisture and reduce the difficulty of controlling shoots; It should be burned in piles, in small quantities and in batches, and fire prevention work should be done well.

Seven, adjust the leaf color. During the period from "heavy snow" to "winter solstice", it is necessary to spray low-concentration ethephon (3-4 ml /30 kg of water) or control-shoot spirit (50 g /80 kg of water) on trees with green leaves and green buds, so that the leaves become yellow olives or "dark dumb" and the terminal buds and axillary buds become dark brown.

Eight, wake up the bud in time. After the "slight cold" and before and after the "severe cold", it is necessary to wake up the flower buds in time, and promote the timely germination of flower buds by spraying water, fertilizing or spraying cytokinin and humic acid (or amino acid) foliar fertilizer on the rhizosphere.

In short, this year's litchi shoot control and flower promotion work should pay equal attention to girdling and drug control, increase the intensity of girdling and drug control, spray drug control on leaves to make them soak evenly, more effectively inhibit vegetative growth and promote reproductive growth; In the early stage of flower bud differentiation (physiological differentiation stage), the levels of phosphorus, potassium, calcium and soluble sugar in leaves should be reasonably improved; At the critical stage of flower bud differentiation (morphological differentiation stage), it is necessary to improve the cytokinin level of trees reasonably and timely. As long as these three key links are carefully grasped in production, litchi flowering can be effectively promoted.