Method for make silk framed picture

In the process of painting, the production of paste is very important. Generally speaking, the ointment should:

"Light", calligraphy and painting will not be hard when mounted, but it should also be light and suitable;

"even", calligraphy and painting will be more stretched when mounted;

"Stickiness" means good stickiness, so that calligraphy and painting will not blister.

Brush the light pulp evenly on the rice paper and stick the paper firmly. There can be no pulp leakage, which is the purpose of pulping.

First, choose the best flour.

Theoretically, it takes several days to make one paste at a time. My master was very careful when he was in Rong Baozhai. The batter made by this method is much better than the batter without gluten extraction. Here, as far as commercial painting is concerned, a quick and simple method is introduced.

First, choose a catty of better Fuqiang flour, put it in a pot and add water to stir it into a paste, and then add about 1.3 times of water to dilute and stir it into a very thin slurry. Then add a little alum (because I don't have any information at hand, I can't tell the exact grams by memory, but I can feel it with my hands), put it on the fire, and stir it with a spoon while cooking to avoid caking or burning. With the increase of temperature, the batter will gradually dry and solidify evenly, but it is still mushy. After the batter is boiled, move the pan to the fire. At this time, the batter is still 100 degrees, and it has not yet started to harden. Cold water must be added to cool and solidify. If you put it directly under the faucet, the large water pressure will make holes in the batter and destroy the integrity of the batter. Pay attention to catch the water with a spoon when discharging water, let the spilled water spill gently in the pot, and then gradually overflow. The cooled paste has solidified into a solid state and sank into the water. Take it piece by piece when you need it.

It's complicated to say, but it's actually very simple to do. It only takes one hour to make a pot of paste in this way, avoiding the tedious procedure of making the finished product only once every few days. Of course, laymen also have headaches. The so-called go your own way. If people who have climbed mountains believe it.

First, regarding the use of ointment, the purpose of drug use is to "get rid of smoke", which has a long history. According to historical records, the paper is dyed with phellodendron juice and orpiment, and the paste is made of frankincense and pepper. Musk or papaya is stored in the painting cabinet to prevent moths. Using perfume paste can not only prevent moth, but also play a role in mildew prevention. At present, most mounters cancel the process of making paste into medicine because of too much trouble, which is worrying. The method of making ointment recorded in Zhang Yanyuan's Records of Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties, adding a small amount of incense and beeswax to the medicine, has also achieved good results. This paste is translucent in color and is very suitable for daubing or repairing. It is really inappropriate to add beeswax to the paste, and beeswax can't be integrated with the paste. Zhang Yanyuan recorded this in the Record of Famous Paintings in Past Dynasties: "It is appropriate to add less wax to the paintings on the back of the country." The "less wax" here is not adding beeswax to the paste, but covering the back with a kind of paper called "hard yellow". Because "hard yellow" is made by painting and dyeing with phellodendron amurense juice and beeswax, the "hard yellow" containing beeswax can make the mounted pieces more dense. Later, this method evolved into a waxing and calendering process, the same purpose is to make the mounted film more "dense", roll up freely and not wear the picture.

Second, regarding the problem of alum used in paste making, the purpose of using alum in starch water is to promote better precipitation of starch. When making paste, alum is not added to prevent corrosion, which has three purposes: first, the paste with alum can be used to dye silk to prevent fading; Secondly, the ink color of calligraphy and painting can be fixed with the paste supported by alum; Thirdly, adding alum to paste inlay can avoid cracks. The author believes that alum should be used with caution in mounting new paintings, uncovering old paintings and restoring old paintings and calligraphy. If alum is used too much, the mounted pieces (including calligraphy and painting hearts) will be alum, which will increase the brittleness and hardness of the mounted pieces and will be difficult to uncover in the future, which is extremely unfavorable to the long-term inheritance of calligraphy and painting.

Third, the raw and cooked problem of Guanzi paste "The people who make the paste have high viscosity, but they are easy to rot, and the cooked people are not easy to rot, but the viscosity is low." Among them, it is common sense that it is easy to rot and easy to rot, but the view that it is strong and sticky is biased. In fact, the more mature the paste, the stronger its viscosity, and the more biased it is. It is not excluded that in the cold weather season, the cooked paste will be like cooked egg white after cooling, but it does not mean that such paste will lose its due viscosity. The key is how to prepare. Regarding raw paste and cooked paste, the book "The Art of Painting and Calligraphy Mounting" says: "When making paste, we should pay great attention to the temperature and thickness. If it is too thick and overcooked, it will be too thick, and there will often be small pimples, which are not easy to mix and affect the use; If it is raw or dilute, the viscosity is insufficient and it is easy to ferment, which also affects the use. The maturity and consistency of the prepared paste also change with the seasons. In hot season, the batter should be cooked a little, because the thinner and less cooked batter is easier to ferment. In the season of low temperature, the paste can be washed slightly thinner, with less heat and convenient use. "

Fourth, it is common knowledge in the industry that the storage time of paste cannot be used immediately. But how long can it be preserved before it can be used? On Tuesday of the Qing Dynasty, the academic school demanded in Appreciation of Yan Suxin: "Ten days before summer pasting, one month before spring and autumn pasting." In today's text, it is also emphasized that it can be used after pasting for one week. I think this is just a theoretical concept. Paste made in high temperature season (including late spring and early autumn) will not ferment and deteriorate after seven days if it is soaked in water every day, let alone stored for ten days or a month. Practice has proved that it can be used on the third day after production, and there is no serious problem with the quality of mounted parts.