Typhoon, torrent, trench ... How many risks and taboos are there in the sea? You can save your life when it's critical!

Super typhoon mangosteen landed in Guangzhou. It is reported that the maximum wind force near the center is 14. As of 8: 00 on September 18, Typhoon Mangosteen killed four people. We have all seen the horror of mangosteen. Now give you a little knowledge of typhoon formation:

There are two main conditions for the formation of tropical ocean typhoons: first, the ocean temperature is relatively high; The second is rich water vapor.

In the sea area with high temperature, there are some disturbances in the atmosphere, and a large amount of air begins to rise, which makes the ground pressure drop. At this time, the peripheral air in the rising sea area continuously flows into the rising area, and the flowing air rotates like a wheel because of the rotation of the earth. The rising air expands and cools, and the water vapor in it cools and condenses into water droplets, releasing heat, which in turn promotes the rise of low-level air, makes the ground pressure drop lower, and the air rotates more violently, thus forming a typhoon.

Typhoons only occur in tropical oceans. The sea surface temperature there is very high, so that the lower air can fully accept the water from the sea surface. It is also the place with the richest water vapor on the earth, which is the main driving force for the formation and development of typhoons. Without this motivation, the typhoon will dissipate even if it is formed. Secondly, there is a certain distance from the equator, and the deflection force generated by the earth's rotation plays a certain role, which is conducive to the development of cyclone circulation and the strengthening of airflow convergence. Third, the tropical sea surface is simpler than the mid-latitude sea surface. Therefore, the air over the same sea area can often remain stable for a long time, so that typhoons have enough time to accumulate energy and brew wind.

Under this condition, as long as there is a suitable trigger mechanism, typhoons will form and strengthen in some tropical waters, for example, the divergent airflow in the upper air or the trade winds in the northern and southern hemispheres meet slightly north of the equator. According to statistics, in tropical oceans, typhoons often occur in areas where the sea surface temperature exceeds 26-27℃.

What should I do if I encounter a typhoon? Hide at home and never go out. This is what my friend at the seaside told me. Some time ago, a mother in Beijing took her twin sisters to Qingdao and was swallowed up by rip current. Become a pain in people's hearts. This incident has aroused people's concern and great discussion about seaside tourism. We really know too little about the ocean. The author of this paper grew up by the sea, and some accumulated experience can save lives at critical times.

Tell you the risks and taboos of the sea.

Today, let's talk about the risks and taboos that need to be known in the face of the sea. This is my accumulated experience for many years. In the hot August, many foreign tourists come to Qingdao, and they all go to the beach. I sit at home and can hear the broadcast of the bathing place every day. Regular bathing beaches will broadcast the time of high tide and low tide at any time to remind tourists to pay attention to safety. Unfortunately, the twin sisters in Beijing went to a wild bathing place without jurisdiction. Unfortunately.

1. Why are lifebuoys sometimes "fatal"?

Because the lifebuoy will leak. Please remember: the lifebuoy will leak!

On July 20 16, Mr. Li of Jiangsu was startled when he took his children to the swimming pool. His 3-year-old baby's newly bought swimming ring actually leaked, causing the child to fluctuate constantly in the water, and the child was pressed into the water by the swimming ring for the first few times.

I mean brightly colored plastic lifebuoys sold on the street, also called swimming rings. if

You can't swim. Before going into the sea, you will probably put a beautiful life buoy on your body, and then swim to the deep-sea waters smoothly. If the lifebuoy leaks, it will soon deflate like a broken tire. Then what should you do? Tell you the only way out: Miao becomes a mermaid and instantly shows your superb swimming skills. Otherwise, you are waiting to feed the sharks! This is what my father earnestly warned me when I went swimming on the first day. Never rely on lifebuoys. Learning to swim is better than anything!

Therefore, landlubbers should not go swimming in the deep sea with lifebuoys. Then you are looking for death! My words are not alarmist. Generally, people who can't swim like to put a swimming ring on their bodies. Many parents will also set one for their children. They think it's like wearing a seat belt in a car. In fact, all wet! Even in shallow waters, you should soak in the sea to escape the heat. This is also dangerous.

Because the ocean, like land, will be controlled by the weather. Except for the change of tide. The size of the wind determines the size of the waves.

If the wind blows suddenly, there will be waves several meters high on the sea. At this time, most people who can't swim are immersed in shallow water about one meter. When the waves rush to the shore, they usually start to roll up powerful white waves in shallow water. It's like pulling up a white sail, drawing a deep arc and shooting it down. A big wave is powerful enough to blow an adult to the bottom of the sea. You are lucky that your head didn't hit the rocks or stones at the bottom of the sea.

If you encounter a big wave, your lifebuoy is a burden. It will carry you and you will be staggered by the waves. The danger index soared! Choking water is still a trivial matter! If you can't catch the lifebuoy, people will fall and drown. But what if you catch the lifebuoy? Tell you: I once saw a young man in his twenties, who was thrown directly from the sea to the shore by big waves, and his arms clung to the oversized black lifebuoy. Fortunately, he didn't fall!

If you don't have the ability to surf like me, then on a windy day, once the waves roll on the sea, landing is the most correct thing.

When it's calm, you sit on the lifebuoy, enjoying yourself and feeling nothing. In fact, the danger still exists. Because you may be unconsciously taken to deep water by seawater. This happens all the time! The sea is flowing, and there are all kinds of undercurrents and undercurrents hidden under the sea. Every time I enter the water from the middle of the bath, I swim back and forth. After landing, I mostly lean to the left. Sometimes it's more than ten meters away from where I get into the water. Undercurrent is like this. But don't panic, once you find yourself drifting to the deep sea, you should pay attention to the bathing place where the lifeboat is.

In a regular bathing beach, several lifeboats will be moored in crowded waters. Only you

Wave to them, and they will come soon, or the lifeguard will go swimming to help you. The observation station on the shore will also see your situation in the sea. With my decades of swimming experience, I can assure you of this.

2. What are undercurrents and undercurrents?

In short, it's all water flowing under the ocean. No matter what you usually see

How calm the sea is, endless changes and dangers are always hidden at the bottom of the sea. The waves washed up on the beach one after another, then retreated and returned to the sea. Its flow direction is vertical. But the undercurrent is still undercurrent. They flow either east or west. Is it horizontal or horizontal?

As long as you regard the sea as your familiar land, you can have an objective understanding of the sea. Since there are mountains, Pingchuan basins, grotesque caves and gullies on the land. Then, the world under the ocean is always criss-crossing and undercurrent. It is ever-changing, but it also hides great dangers.

Before 2008, there was no invasion of Enteromorpha in Qingdao sea area. ) swimming in the sea at low tide was very impressive. Because at low tide, you are downwind, just like a hand pushing you to swim behind. You feel like a national swimmer, swimming beautifully and quickly, and you can easily swim to the shark prevention net.

But when you come back, it's time to test your endurance! You are swimming against the current at this time. You need to go all out and work hard. Often when you advance one meter, the waves will pull you back half a meter. You need to overcome psychological pressure and go forward bravely. At this time, what you taste is the taste of breaking the waves, and it is also the most exercise place in swimming.

It takes 15 minutes if you swim into the shark prevention net; Then the time to swim ashore is estimated to take about 30 minutes. And when you go ashore, you will feel sore muscles all over your body and your lower abdomen will twitch.

The dull pain of smoking is caused by overexertion. But this is also the best time to lose weight and get in shape.

When swimming at ordinary times, once you see this red arrow, please don't hesitate to go ashore.

This summer, a pair of twin sisters in Beijing unfortunately drowned, and experts speculated that they might have suffered a tearing flow.

To tell the truth, I almost grew up in the sea. The sea is like my cradle. The beach is like my casino. But I've never heard of rip current. I haven't met it either. Why? Because I have been swimming in the regular bath. I have never been to a wild bathing place. However, the safety of any wild bathing place must not meet the national requirements.

When swimming at ordinary times, once you see this red arrow, please don't hesitate to go ashore.

Therefore, foreign tourists must go swimming in regular baths when they come to Qingdao. Regular baths have strict management system and various rescue measures. Its radio station will broadcast tidal changes at any time, reminding "the wind and waves are quite heavy today, so tourists should pay attention to safety." Something like that

Little sisters probably played with sand on the beach for a while, trying to wash the sand on their hands and feet in the sea, and fell into the rapids. It should take a few seconds for them to be swept away by the waves. Even if her mother doesn't play with her mobile phone, if she can't see the child, she probably won't think it's rip current.

When swimming at ordinary times, once you see this red arrow, please don't hesitate to go ashore.

Pictures circulating on the Internet are clearly marked. On the beach, the waves rolled and suddenly split in the middle (rip current is also called split flow), that is, there is no white spray in the middle. There may be a torrent in this place. This part of the sea will suddenly generate huge suction and flow to the sea at the speed of whipping.

Experts reminded: "The green sea near Whitewater is very dangerous and should be avoided." Of course, some experts said, "Don't panic, rip current will only take people off the coast and will not involve people in the bottom of the sea. If you breathe enough, your body will float. "

When swimming at ordinary times, once you see this kind of arrow, please don't hesitate to go ashore.

Anyway, I also learned something about rip current. In other words, once you encounter rapids,

Try to swim horizontally and avoid it.

3. Two meanings of "knowing water".

If someone asks you, "Do you know water?" I think most people will think that this question is asking: Can you swim?

In fact, the real "water knowledge" contains two meanings. The first is your swimming skills; The second is your knowledge of water. This common sense also comes from my father's teaching.

I think everyone knows the first one. But the meaning of the second layer is rarely noticed. Nie Er, a famous musician in China, drowned while swimming on the Japanese coast. He is only 23 years old. What a pity!

Therefore, no matter how good your swimming skills are, never go swimming in strange waters again. This is common sense. What? You said that when you were a child, you fluttered in the river in the village. Of course, it is safe there. But are you sure this river is not polluted now? There is also a reservoir, which is the most prone to accidents. The water in the reservoir is too deep. There are not only tangled weeds in the water, but also invisible eddies. Once it gets stuck, even the bone residue can't be found. It is often said that there will be many water ghosts in the reservoir, specifically dragging those careless people into the water as scapegoats.

So the underwater world always hides unknown risks.

My understanding of water comes from the sea I have known since I was a child. Like the tidal time in the sea, it is delayed by about 40 minutes every day. If I go swimming in the sea at 3 pm one day, it is full of tide; Then after seven or eight days, at the same time, you may encounter low tide.

Furthermore, the best bathing place suitable for swimming should be the inlet. Like a big bathtub full of Wang Bibo. Since the opening of Qingdao Shilaoren Bath, people have drowned every year. My father goes swimming once a year and comes back to tell me that the old stone man can't swim in the bath. There are baths there.

The horizon is parallel. The waves come ashore one after another, and people are particularly prone to suffocation. His old man swam all his life and didn't choke a few times.

The sixth bathing beach near my home is like a big bathtub. At the bottom of the bathing beach, there are no reefs and few stones. But at low tide, you can see soft dark green aquatic plants.

Later, I went to the first bathing beach: the beautiful Huiquan Bay. The water there is very clear and the bathing place is very large. But there is a ditch in this bath. Outsiders may not know that if you encounter ebb tide, you can cross the trench and enter the beach inside, where it is wide and the water depth is moderate, which is especially suitable for novices to try their hand. Once the tide rises and you want to go back to the shore, the trench is a dangerous area. Once I came back from the shark prevention net and swam to a place where my feet could land, so I wanted to walk to the shore. As a result, when I walked, my feet were empty and the water didn't go too far. Fortunately, I know this place is a trench, so swim there quickly. But for outsiders, or people who have just learned to swim, the trench is indeed a very dangerous existence.

So it's best to go swimming with local friends. Or you can go to a regular bath. This needs to be emphasized repeatedly. Even so, there are still great risks.

I once hit my head on the beach at the bottom of the sea because I stood on the dam and learned to dive. Luckily, I didn't hit a stone. Later, I went ashore and flushed, and my scalp was full of sand. Another time, my thumb and toe were cut by the skin of clams at the bottom of the sea, which scared me to swim ashore with my life. As a result, I saw a deep cut about one centimeter long on my toe. The wound has been whitewashed by the sea and the blood has stopped flowing.

One summer in the 1970s, my father came back from swimming one day and asked me:

"Didn't you go swimming today?"

I said, "No, the waves are too big."

Actually, I was lazy that day, or I just didn't want to go. Because when I was a teenager, I was never afraid of the wind and waves in the sea. Even for a while, I was crazy about surfing.

Facing the oncoming waves, I pulled up a terrible arc like a sail. I held my breath and plunged into it. The bigger the waves on the sea surface, the calmer the seabed. Your ears can hear the roaring waves in the water, that is, more than a dozen flies buzz by. Then you gently surface, touch the water on your face and quickly see how far the next wave is from you. At this point, you need to adjust your state, hold your breath, drill the waves and get up again. Later, I practiced drilling more often and got otitis media. I haven't played this game much since.

That day my father told me that he went swimming in the sea and met three big waves in a row. That wave is very big. He has been swimming all his life and has never met such a big wave. The waves swept down and he could hardly stand up. I was shocked to hear that. I thought: what waves are so powerful? Later, I learned that there was an earthquake in Tangshan that afternoon. The tremor of the earth's crust spread to the Qingdao Sea, and those three unprecedented waves appeared. Of course, my father finally stood up. His old man has been cautious all his life and is very good at water. You see, I almost escaped the unknown risks in the sea.