General knowledge of Guitian Fu literature

1. The writing characteristics of Guitianfu

The artistic features of Return to Talent;

Returning to Tianfu is a short and pithy essay with unique style. It changed the rules of the Han Fu, such as scattering, stagnation, exaggeration and piling, into short, flexible, plain and beautiful sentences. Guitianfu also uses some rhetorical methods, such as repetition and pun. Such as Closing the Door and Crossing the Neck, vividly depict the harmonious, cheerful, agile and clear scenery of the pastoral forest; And "fly up and pay, catch the long stream." Death by touching an arrow, swallowing bait and swallowing hook "not only embodies the author's carefree state of mind, but also contains the meaning of self-discipline." Guitian Fu is very different from previous Han Fu. Beginning to change from narrative prose to lyric prose, the style no longer pursues the layout of momentum and rhetoric, but is similar to 46 parallel prose, which opened the precedent of parallel prose. Gui Tian Fu occupies an important position in the history of China literature, and it has been a masterpiece for thousands of years. Allusions: The use of allusions in this poem is a major feature of this poem, such as "When the river is clear, it will pass". The allusions in Huai Nan Zi's Xun Lin and Zuo Zhuan's Eight Years of Xianggong are quoted respectively: "Feeling Cai Zi's generosity, judging Tang Sheng". For details, see Historical Records: Biography of Fan Ju and Cai Ze: Chasing the Fisherman with Zhang Heng makes full use of the short historical allusions. At the same time, most of the allusions selected in Guitian Fu are familiar to people, not obscure. Therefore, this article, with its elegant, concise, simple and fresh sentences, contains rich historical facts and gives it new ideas.

In addition, Gui Tian Fu also uses some rhetorical devices such as rhyme, repetition and pun, such as "closing the door" and "crossing the neck", which vividly depicts the harmonious, cheerful, agile and clear scenery of the pastoral forest; And "fly up and pay, catch the long stream." Death by touching an arrow, swallowing bait and swallowing hook "not only embodies the author's carefree state of mind, but also contains the meaning of self-discipline." In a word, Guitian Fu is very different from the previous Handa Fu. Beginning to change from narrative prose to lyric prose, the style no longer pursues the layout of momentum and rhetoric, but is similar to 46 parallel prose, which opened the precedent of parallel prose. Gui Tian Fu occupies an important position in the history of China literature, and it has been a masterpiece for thousands of years.

2. What kind of pioneering theme did Gui Tian Fu leave for later literature?

Zhang Heng's Return to Tianfu can be said to be the pioneer of pastoral poets. Because its content is different from the ancient Yuefu and the narrative-oriented poetry and fu since the Han Dynasty, it began to describe things with feelings in the scenery.

The appearance of Tao Yuanming truly declared the pastoral style of pastoral poets from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the peak of the development of Wei and Jin Dynasties. Many poets in the same period had more or less reclusive pastoral poems, but only Tao Yuanming can be regarded as a reclusive pastoral poet, because most of his masterpieces were made after retiring in middle age, and he was called "the hermit of the ages". Xie Lingyun, another representative of the same period, is also famous, but there are not so many poems circulating.

In the Tang Dynasty, many pastoral poets appeared, such as Meng Haoran, Wang Wei and Wei. This is closely related to the poet's life and major, but it is far from his ambition to retire.

In fact, from another angle, the combination of seclusion ambition and pastoral style is not a process, but a phased necessity, which is often reflected in the conflict between the poet's personal ambition and the background of the times. What is particularly prominent is that under this cultural background, hermit culture came into being. Historically, after the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the chaos of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms in the late Tang Dynasty, the * * * dynasty, which represents advanced culture, was lonely, and naturally there were many literati who were unwilling to be officials under the wind of literati. Some outstanding celebrities will naturally have some secluded thoughts in their poems. It can be seen in poets after the middle Tang Dynasty and even in some words in the late Ming Dynasty.

So to put it simply, there were many such poets before and after the * * * dynasty was replaced by nomadic people. But in the early Han Dynasty, such as the Han Dynasty and the early Tang Dynasty, there were many such poets. Especially in the Wei and Jin dynasties, an era of paying attention to character, the reclusive pastoral poets of this era are truly unattainable poems.

3. Fukuda

"Fu" is the most representative style in Han Dynasty, which can best reflect the spirit of the times. Returning to Tianfu is a short and pithy essay with unique style. It washes away the heavy, stagnant and grandiose rules and regulations of the great fu in Han Dynasty and becomes a short, flexible, plain and beautiful sentence.

The use of allusions is a major feature of this poem. For example, Clear Water in One River quoted the allusions in Huai Nan Zi's Xun Lin and Zuo Zhuan's Eight Years of "xianggong" respectively: "I felt that Cai Zi was generous and awarded Tang Sheng". For details, see Historical Records Biography of Fan Ju and Cai Ze: Chasing Fishermen for Fun is the first lyric poem in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Fu expresses the feeling and boredom of joining the WTO, describes the carefree life after returning to the landscape and countryside, and expresses the author's wish to be born. There are only forty sentences in Guitianfu, which is short in shape. The sentence is beautiful and smooth, without exaggeration; Express arms and feelings, and have a distinct personality.

These characteristics show that the creative tendency of Han Fu has changed greatly.

4. Zhang Heng's interpretation of Return to Talent

About Kazuo Kamita

Zhang Heng's Return to Tianfu shows great creativity, making it a unique writer in the literary world. The filth of his official career made Zhang Heng unhappy. He wanted to travel outside the chaotic world, but he couldn't, so he yearned for the countryside in sharp contrast with officialdom. In Return to Tianfu, Zhang Heng conceived an idyllic scenery full of natural interest, in which the part describing the scenery was naturally beautiful and excellent: "Mid-spring makes the moon bright, the time is harmonious, the original is lush and the grass is flourishing." Wang Hao flapped his wings, brayed, crossed his neck and put it away. "How can this idyllic place full of vitality and vitality not fascinate him! Here you can enjoy the natural scenery and fish easily and freely. His hut is far away from the hubbub, where he plays the famous songs of the previous generation, reads the books of sages and expresses his feelings about life and society. The countryside in his works is full of strong life interest, which embodies the harmony between body and mind and the external environment, and also has a distinctive Taoist color.

Most of Zhang Heng's works show denial and criticism of reality. He explored the mysterious philosophy of life and the living space suitable for his ideal and personality. Therefore, the rural environment and mood are in contrast with officialdom and official career. The artistic expression and language application of Gui Tian Fu are also commensurate with his content. The author contradicts the artistic expression habits in Fu Xuan and other works, with short space and extremely fresh and natural language. It is integrated with the environment and artistic conception expressed in the works. These characteristics make Guitianfu the first work describing pastoral seclusion in the history of China literature and the first mature parallel prose in the Han Dynasty. Judging from all Zhang Heng's creations and the development of Han Fu, Returning to Talent is of great significance.

Throughout Zhang Heng's narrative poems, although the expression techniques are different, the spiritual essence is the same. Zhang Heng's Four Fu Xuan and Returning to Tianfu can be said to sound like * * *. In "Four" Fu, you wrote about immortals, and "Returning to Heaven" wrote about returning to the fields. These descriptions are all used to relieve mental depression, and they don't really end in seclusion. (There are two sentences in Gui Tian Fu, "Dare to know the sky, chase fishermen for fun", which just tells the main idea of this article: due to the irreparable chaos of society, one's ambition can't be brought into play and he fled to the countryside. The Fu family is in the official career, but they despise fame and fortune and are not disturbed by the intrigue of officialdom. Instead, they yearn for leisure and pursue personal freedom. This is the psychological root of the similarity between Si and Gui Fu Tian!

There are quite parallel elements in the language of Guitian Fu. This is a turning point in the development of Fu. Since Zhang Heng. The constant appearance of lyric poetry in the Eastern Han Dynasty had a great influence on the development of lyric poetry in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Therefore, Zhang Heng is a talented person who links the past with the future!

The author found that there is also a description of bottom fishing in Gui Tian Fu: "Fly up and pay for the fiber, dive for a long time, touch the bait and die, swallow the hook, escape from the clouds, hang deep and sink the fish." Zhuanzhuan is a small fish that grows in a stream, about five inches long. From the angle of fishing, Zhang Heng has mastered the method of running water bottom fishing. You know, bottom fishing with running water is also a difficult fishing method for modern people, and it needs to be equipped with a considerable number of fishing tackle. If Zhang Heng was not an expert in fishing, he would never have written bottom fishing so vividly. We have always said that Zhang Heng is a great scientist, writer, inventor and politician. Now it seems that we can give Zhang Heng another title-fishing master!

5. Fukuda

"Fu" is the most representative style in Han Dynasty, which can best reflect the spirit of the times.

Returning to Tianfu is a short and pithy essay with unique style. It changed the rules of the Han Fu, such as scattering, stagnation, exaggeration and piling, into short, flexible, plain and beautiful sentences. The use of allusions is a major feature of this poem. For example, Clear Water in One River quoted the allusions in Huai Nan Zi's Xun Lin and Zuo Zhuan's Eight Years of "xianggong" respectively: "I felt that Cai Zi was generous and awarded Tang Sheng". For details, see Historical Records Biography of Fan Ju and Cai Ze: "Chasing fishermen for fun"

Return to Talent is the first lyric poem in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Fu expresses the feeling and boredom of joining the WTO, describes the carefree life after returning to the landscape and countryside, and expresses the author's wish to be born.

There are only forty sentences in Guitianfu, which is short in shape. The sentence is beautiful and smooth, without exaggeration; Express arms and feelings, and have a distinct personality. These characteristics show that the creative tendency of Han Fu has changed greatly.

6. Full text of Guitianfu

Returning to Tianfu and Zhang Heng's visit to the capital will be forever, and ignorance will help.

When I was in Linchuan, I wanted to find a fish. Once the river was clear, it was not due. Feeling Cai Zi's generosity, I suspect it comes from Tang Sheng.

I dare to chase the fisherman and play with him. Saying goodbye to the world is a long time.

So in the middle of spring, the moon is clear; Yuanji is lush and lush, and the grass is brilliant. Wang pheasant wings, owl cries [14]; Cross your neck and close the door.

Have fun, everyone. Have fun talking. Mistress Long Yin Fang Ze, Hu Xiaoshan.

Fly up and pay for the fiber, and fish for a long time. If you touch an arrow, you will die.

Birds that escaped from the clouds hung in the depths and sank into the air. At that time, I was fascinated by the scenery in Russia, which was based on hope and comfort.

I am very happy to swim, although I forget it every day. Feel the legacy of this old man, and I will drive on the Lu Peng.

Play five strings of beautiful fingers and recite Kong Zhou's books. Waving calligraphy to stimulate seaweed, Chen's railway model.

If you put your heart beyond things, you will know what honor and shame are.

7. Translation of Return to Tianfu

I have been an official in Kyoto for a long time, and there is no clever strategy to assist the king. Just by the river, I praised the fish for being fat and delicious. I don't know when the Yellow River will be clear. Think Cai Ze's ambition can't be realized, and he should find Tang Ju's physiognomy to solve the problem. Knowing that heaven is subtle and unpredictable, you should enjoy the mountains and rivers with the fisherman. Stay away from dirty society and worldly trifles.

It's mid-spring and February, and the climate is mild and sunny. On the plateau and lowlands, the trees are densely covered with branches and leaves and overgrown with weeds. The osprey flies low on the water of Zhang Yi, and the oriole sings softly on the branches. Mandarin ducks cross the river and birds are in the air. The chirping sound is beautiful. Being free in spring in Yuan Ye makes me happy.

So I sang like a long bell by the lake, and I sang like a tiger roaring on the mountain. Shoot an arrow into the clouds and throw a fishing line into the river; Birds are shot, fish are hooked by greed, geese fall from the sky and fish are caught in the water.

Soon the sun goes down and the bright moon rises. Walking is happy, although I am not tired at night. Thinking of Lao Tzu's warning, you'd better drive back to the cottage. Playing banjo is wonderful, and reading sage books is endless. Write a composition, give full play to literary talent, and tell about the teaching mode of ancient holy kings. As long as I stay out of this world, I don't care where its glory and shame are.

8. The accumulation of literary common sense Zhang Heng, the word, China people in what period?

Zhang Heng (a famous astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty) Zhang Heng (78—139) was named Ping Zi.

Han nationality, a native of Xi 'e, Nanyang (now Shiqiao, Nanyang City, Henan Province) [1], one of the five saints in Nanyang, and Sima Xiangru, Yang Xiong and Ban Gu are also called the four masters of Han Fu. China was a great astronomer, mathematician, inventor, geographer and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He successively served as Langzhong, Taishiling, Shizhong and Hejian.

In his later years, he became the minister of history of the DPRK due to illness. Yu Yonghe died in the fourth year (139) at the age of 62. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was named Bo Er of Xi.

In astronomy, Zhang Heng has written Lingxian and Hunyi Illustration. In mathematics, there is a theory of calculation, and literary works are represented by Erjing Fu and Guitian. There is Zhang Hengji (14) in the capital city of Sui Shu, which has been lost for a long time.

Zhang Qian, an Amin, compiled the Collection of Zhang He's Bamboo Slips, which was included in the Records of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties 130. Zhang Heng made outstanding contributions to the development of astronomy, mechanical technology and seismology in China, and invented the armillary sphere and seismograph, which was one of the representatives of the theory of armillary sphere in the middle Eastern Han Dynasty.

Later generations praised it as "Musheng" [2] (Kesheng). Because of his outstanding contribution, the United Nations Astronomical Organization named a crater on the back of the moon as "Zhangheng Crater" and the asteroid 1802 in the solar system as "Zhangheng Star". Later, in memory of Zhang Heng, Zhang Heng Museum was built in Nanyang.