Population and cultivated land area in Jilin and Inner Mongolia

Jilin Province, referred to as "Ji" for short, is located in the northeast of China, in the north temperate zone, with east longitude12138' ~1319' and north latitude of 40 52' ~ 46 65438. The whole territory is about 750 kilometers long from east to west and 600 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 187400 square kilometers, accounting for about 2% of the country's total area, ranking 14 in the country.

Jilin is named after the word "Jilin Wula", and Manchu "Jilin Wula" means along the river. Tang belongs to the land of northeast ethnic minorities; Liaoshu Tokyo Road; Metal to Beijing Road; Yuan belongs to Liaoyang province; Ming is a slave who does all the work; Jilin General was established in the Qing Dynasty, and Jilin Province was changed in the late Qing Dynasty. The name of the province has not changed.

Jilin Province is located in the center of Northeast Asia consisting of Japan, Russia, North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia and northeast China, bordering Russia in the east, Tumen River and Yalu River in the southeast and facing the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, with a total length of 1438.7 km. Among them, the border between China and Russia is 232.7 kilometers, and the border between China and North Korea is 1206 kilometers. It connects Liaoning Province to the south, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the west and Heilongjiang Province to the north.

Jilin Province is a "hometown of black land". The cultivated land area is 4.005 million hectares, accounting for 265.438+0. 1% of the total land area. The per capita arable land is 0. 15 hectare, which is higher than the national average. The Songliao Plain in the middle of China is flat and fertile, which is known as the "Golden Corn Belt" and "Hometown of Soybean" and is an important grain production base in China. Jilin Province is an important forestry base in China. The forested area is 8.045 million hectares, accounting for 82.3% of the forested area, ranking first in the country. The existing total stock of standing trees is 8.5 million/kloc-0.2 million cubic meters, ranking sixth in China. Non-metallic minerals are abundant. There are 83 kinds of mineral resources with proven reserves, and the reserves of oil shale, diatomite, wollastonite, magnesium, molybdenum and oil rank among the top in China. Jilin Province is one of the "Eight Pastoral Areas" in China. The total grassland area is 2 1.77 million hectares, of which the non-degraded grassland area is 1.853 million hectares, which is one of the main producing areas of commercial cattle and fine-wool sheep in China. There are many kinds of wild animals and plants in Jilin Province, among which Changbai Mountain is an important gene bank of wild species and a base of wild medicinal materials in China. There are precious fur animals such as sable, otter, lynx, Siberian tiger and leopard. Valuable medicinal animals such as velvet antler, frog and wood frog, and precious specialties such as ginseng, Tricholoma matsutake, auricularia auricula, mushrooms and bracken. Ginseng, mink and velvet antler can be called "three treasures in Northeast China". The output of ginseng products ranks first in the country.

Superior ecological environment and abundant resource advantages have laid a solid foundation for sustainable economic and social development. 65438-0999 the State Council authorized the State Environmental Protection Administration to approve Jilin Province as a pilot province for the construction of a national ecological province. Its main goal is to form an eco-friendly economic system marked by green economy and supported by high technology through 30 years and three stages of construction, and fully display the image of Jilin Province as a strong green economy province in 2 1 century.

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, located in the northern frontier of People's Republic of China (PRC), is long and narrow and extends obliquely from northeast to southwest. Longitude and longitude start from east longitude 9712' and east longitude126 04' in the west, spanning 28 52' longitude and separated by more than 2,400 kilometers. It starts at 37 24' north latitude in the south and ends at 53 23' north latitude, with a total latitude of15 59' and a straight-line distance of1700 km. The total area of the region is1183,000 square kilometers, accounting for 12.3% of the country's land area, ranking third in the country. East, south and west are adjacent to Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia and Gansu in turn, spanning the three north (northeast, north and northwest) and close to Beijing and Tianjin; It borders Mongolia and the Russian Federation in the north, with a total length of 4,265,438+0 km.

There are 49 nationalities living in the whole ethnic area. There are Han and Mongolian people, with a population of more than 6.5438+0 million; The population of Hui and Manchu is 65,438+10,000; There are Koreans, Daur and Ewenki with a population of over 10,000; The population of Oroqen, Zhuang, Xibe and Russian is 1 000. There are 38 ethnic groups with a population below 1 000, including Tibetans, Uighurs, Yi people and Buyi people.

The population keeps a low growth rate. In 2006, the birth population was 235,800, and the birth rate was 9.87 ‰. The death population is14120,000, and the population mortality rate is 5.91‰; The natural population growth rate was 3.96‰, down 0.66‰ from the previous year. At the end of the year, the total population of the region was 23,923,500, an increase of 59,500 over the previous year, including 4,238,300 Mongolians.

Capital Hohhot

Evolution of administrative regions and administrative divisions 1947 From April 23rd to May 3rd, the Inner Mongolia People's Congress was held in Wangye Temple (now Wulanhaote City), and it was decided that May of 1 was the anniversary of the establishment of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which was the first in China to realize regional ethnic autonomy, with jurisdiction over 32 banners, 1 county and 3 county-level cities, covering an area of 540,000 square kilometers. July 5 1969 Hulunbeier League, Zhelimu League and Zhaowuda League were respectively placed in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces; Alashan Zuo Qi, Alashan Right Banner and Ejina Banner were included in Ningxia and Gansu respectively, and were re-included in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on May 30, 1979.

9 cities, 3 leagues and 2 cities with separate plans in the whole region; It has jurisdiction over 16 county-level cities, 17 counties and 52 flags, including three national autonomous flags of Oroqen, Ewenki and Molidawa Daur.

Geology Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has a vast territory, developed strata, frequent magmatic activities, good metallogenic conditions and rich mineral resources. It can be divided into two I-level tectonic units with 42 north latitude as the boundary. There are two famous grade II metallogenic belts in Inner Mongolia, which are located on the contact axis of these two tectonic units and the third uplift belt of Xinhua Xia. The former is grade II gold-copper polymetallic metallogenic belt in the northern margin of North China platform, and the latter is grade II copper polymetallic metallogenic belt in Daxinganling.

Geomorphology The landform of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is dominated by the Mongolian Plateau, with complex and diverse forms. Except the southeast, it is basically a plateau, accounting for about 50% of the total land area, with an average elevation of about 1 1,000 meters, and the highest peak is 3556 meters. Mountains such as Daxinganling, Yinshan (Wolf Mountain, Serten Mountain, Daqing Mountain and Huiteng Liangshan) and Helan Mountain are distributed around the plateau, which constitute the backbone of the landform of Inner Mongolia Plateau.

Climate Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has a vast territory, high latitude, large plateau area, far from the ocean and mountainous edges. The climate is dominated by temperate continental monsoon climate. It has the characteristics of less and uneven precipitation, strong wind force and drastic changes in cold and summer. The general characteristics are sudden temperature rise in spring, windy, short and hot in summer, concentrated precipitation, sudden temperature drop in autumn, frost often comes early, long and cold in winter, and many cold waves. Annual solar radiation increases from northeast to southwest, and precipitation decreases from northeast to southwest.

Hydrology There are many rivers 1000 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The Yellow River, the second largest river in the motherland, enters Inner Mongolia from near Shizuishan in Ningxia, and from south to north, it surrounds the Ordos Plateau, forming a horseshoe shape. There are nearly a thousand lakes of different sizes. The surface water resources in the whole region are 67 1 100 million cubic meters, and the domestic self-produced water sources are 37 1 100 million cubic meters, accounting for 1.67% of the total water in China. Groundwater resources are 30 billion cubic meters, accounting for 2.9% of the national groundwater resources. The distribution of water resources in Inner Mongolia is very uneven in regional and time process, which is not suitable for the distribution of population and cultivated land.

Land resources The total land area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is1183,000 square kilometers. In 200 1 year, the cultivated land area is 709 1 10,000 hectares, the forest area is18.666 million hectares, and the total grassland area is 86.667 million hectares, accounting for 73.3% of the total land area. The total area of fresh water is 857,000 hectares, accounting for 0.7% of the total land area. The arable land in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is 709 1 10,000 hectares, with a per capita share of 0.36 hectares, four times that of the whole country.

Grassland Resources Inner Mongolia has a vast natural grassland area and is an important animal husbandry production base in China. The total grassland area is 86.667 million hectares, accounting for 265.438 0.7% of the total grassland area in China, of which 68 million hectares can be used, accounting for about 60% of the total land area of Inner Mongolia.

Mineral resources Inner Mongolia is rich in underground mineral resources, with more than 20 kinds of 120 discovered and 78 kinds of proven reserves. Among them, 42 kinds of mineral reserves rank first in China 10, 22 kinds rank first in China, and 7 kinds rank first in China. In particular, coal is located in the concentrated area of open pit mines in northern China, and its reserves are extremely rich. The oil and natural gas reserves in Inner Mongolia are also considerable. The minerals with proven ferrous metal reserves include iron, manganese and chromium. The rare earth resources in the autonomous region are unique and well-known at home and abroad. The proven reserves of rare earth oxides account for 90% of the country, ranking first in the country and the world. There are many kinds of nonmetallic minerals, such as pyrite, peat and boron. As well as non-metallic minerals such as building materials, there are 42 minerals in 3 categories and nearly 200 occurrences.

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is one of the important forestry bases in China. The total forest area in the whole region is about 1 86.67 million hectares, accounting for 1 1% of the total forest area in China, ranking1in the country. The forest coverage rate reached 14.8%, which was higher than the national level of 13.4%. Plantation is an indispensable part of forests in Inner Mongolia.

Wild Plant Resources There are 2 35 1 species of seed plants and ferns in Inner Mongolia, including 2 167 wild plants and 84 introduced plants. These plants belong to 33 families and 720 genera, and 24 rare wild plants are listed as the first batch of national protection. Wild plants are most abundant in mountainous areas. There are abundant forest and grassland plants, as well as meadows, swamps and aquatic plants. There are 504 genera of vascular plants 1668 species in grassland, belonging to 12 1 family. There are more than 900 species with forage value and more than 200 species with excellent forage.

There are 24 families 1 14 species of mammals in the whole region, accounting for 25.3% of the 450 species of mammals in China. There are more than 50 species of mammals with industrial hunting value, and more than 0 species of rare animals/kloc-0. There are 365 species of birds of 5l family, accounting for 3L% of China birds 1 186 species. There are 49 species of mammals and birds listed in the first, second and third categories of national protection.

Tourism resources Inner Mongolia grassland, scenic spots, deserts, lakes, forests and folk customs "six wonders" constitute unique tourist attractions. Mongolian song and dance is a bright pearl in the treasure house of world culture and art, and horse racing, wrestling and archery are known as Mongolian "three arts for men" and are well-known at home and abroad. The traditional Nadam often attracts the strong interest of Chinese and foreign tourists. Wuta Temple in Hohhot, Dazhao, Zhaojun Tomb, Wudangzhao in Baotou City, Meidaizhao, Genghis Khan Cemetery in Yijinhuoluo Banner, Enbukuji in Alashan Zuo Qi, Liaoshangjing, Liaozhongjing, Daming Pagoda in Chifeng City, Gaxian Cave in Oroqen Autonomous Banner and other places of interest are dotted around.