What can you pay attention to in autumn to prevent diseases?

Autumn is the season of alternating cold and summer. Because of the dry climate and changeable temperature, it is difficult for the human body to adapt for a while, and it is easy to have diseases or lead to the recurrence of old diseases. Therefore, we must pay attention to health care and disease prevention after autumn. Common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases that need to be prevented in autumn are-

1, gastrointestinal diseases. In autumn, the weather is refreshing and people's appetite is enhanced. Eating too much and drinking too much can easily increase the burden on the stomach and cause dysfunction; The climate is changeable, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is easy to cause abdominal cold, leading to increased intestinal peristalsis and diarrhea. Prevention of autumn diarrhea focuses on maintaining the spleen and stomach and preventing the recurrence of stomach diseases.

2, autumn dryness. In autumn, there is little rain, dry weather and lack of moisture in the air. People are prone to a series of dry symptoms, such as dry nasopharynx, hoarseness, dry cough with little phlegm, thirst and constipation, commonly known as "autumn dryness". Autumn dryness not only makes people feel uncomfortable, but also induces many infectious diseases, such as colds, boils and rhinitis. Therefore, it is necessary to nourish yin and prevent dryness in autumn. In diet, you should always drink boiled water and vegetable soup, eat more nourishing foods such as pears, grapes, bananas, tremella and vegetables, and eat less spicy and dry things such as peppers, onions, ginger and garlic. Early to bed and early to rise in daily life. Go to bed early to nourish yin, get up early to moisten the lungs, breathe fresh air, and make the body full of body fluid and energy.

3. Respiratory tract infection. The climate in autumn is changeable, and the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is somewhat large. Respiratory mucosa is constantly stimulated by sudden warming and cold, and its resistance and immunity are weakened, which provides an opportunity for pathogenic microorganisms, which can easily make people catch a cold and cause tonsillitis, tracheitis, pneumonia and other diseases. Symptoms of patients with chronic bronchitis and asthma are often more serious. Therefore, we should pay attention to the weather changes in autumn, increase or decrease clothes in time, strengthen outdoor activities, and enhance the body's resistance and immunity.

4. Cardiovascular diseases. Autumn is the season with frequent cardiovascular diseases. With the cold weather, the blood vessels in skin and subcutaneous tissue contract, and the resistance of peripheral blood vessels increases, which leads to the increase of blood pressure. Cold can also cause coronary artery spasm, directly affect the blood supply to the heart, and induce angina pectoris or myocardial infarction. Therefore, patients with cardiovascular diseases should insist on taking medicine, do physical exercise as much as possible, and actively prevent and treat colds so as not to aggravate cardiovascular diseases. (Qiao Jianbin)

Autumn is the season of harvest and intoxicating, but it is also the season when some diseases begin to be active. In order to let everyone enjoy the beauty and health of autumn, we have specially compiled "Autumn Disease Prevention Knowledge" for reference, hoping that everyone can spend this golden autumn healthily.

1. Cold: The climate change in autumn is abnormal, the seasonal change is a bit fast, and the temperature difference between morning and evening, indoor and outdoor is a bit large. Respiratory mucosa is constantly stimulated by sudden warming and returning to cold, and its resistance and immunity are weakened, which provides an opportunity for pathogenic microorganisms. It is the high incidence season of upper respiratory tract infections such as colds. Especially in the case of poor ventilation in the working environment, colds are more likely to spread quickly between people. Old people and children are prone to catch cold in autumn.

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. The incubation period of influenza is short, usually 1-2 days. Mainly manifested as high fever, headache, tears, runny nose, limb pain and other symptoms, some cases may be complicated with pneumonia. Influenza is mainly transmitted through respiratory tract, which is highly contagious and spreads quickly, and easily occurs in collective units. There is a seasonal peak in winter every year, and influenza or upper respiratory tract infection is prone to occur in cold and warm seasons. Prevention: keep warm; Increase physical exercise; The flu season is reduced to public places or places with turbid air; Families, schools and other collective units should always open windows for ventilation to maintain air circulation; At present, it is the right time to get the flu vaccine. Patients with chronic diseases, the elderly and the infirm can use the flu vaccine for immune prevention. If you have flu symptoms, seek medical treatment and rest in time.

First of all, we should follow the law of "covering spring and freezing autumn" and "cold-proof movement starts in autumn", and pay attention to choosing clothes with changing temperature; It is very important to increase outdoor activities, strengthen physical fitness, keep the working environment well ventilated and try to avoid going in and out of public places. Drink more water and eat more fruits to enhance the metabolism of the body; Washing your face and nose with cold water often also helps to prevent colds. Try to avoid contact with cold patients, wash your hands after contact with cold patients or things they have touched, and don't touch your eyes and nose with your fingers. When a cold is prevalent, you can fumigate the room with aged vinegar.

Special reminder: From previous years, some elderly people took their own medicine at the beginning of a cold, and as a result, improper medication aggravated their condition. When you get to the hospital, it becomes complications such as pneumonia. Therefore, the elderly should seek medical treatment in time after catching a cold.

Second, digestive system diseases: In autumn, germs multiply quickly and food is perishable, which is the frequent season for intestinal diseases such as bacterial food poisoning, bacillary dysentery, Escherichia coli enteritis and refrigerator enteritis (Yersinia); At the same time, autumn is also the season of frequent and recurrent stomach diseases. After being stimulated by cold air, gastric acid secretion increases, gastrointestinal spasmodic contraction occurs, and resistance, immunity and adaptability decrease. If you don't pay attention to the rules of diet and life due to improper protection, it will lead to gastrointestinal diseases, such as acid reflux, abdominal distension, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or aggravate the original stomach disease. In severe cases, it will also cause complications such as gastric bleeding and gastric perforation.

For example, viral diarrhea (also known as autumn diarrhea) is an infectious diarrhea caused by viruses. The common pathogens are rotavirus, Coxsackie enterovirus, astrovirus and Norwalk virus. The incubation period is usually several hours to three days. The main clinical manifestations are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other intestinal symptoms, and some cases may be accompanied by fever. Clinical types can be manifested as vomiting type and enteritis type, and severe enteritis type is easy to dehydrate. Prevention and treatment: Viral diarrhea mostly occurs in late autumn and early winter. The main targets of infection are infants, school-age children and primary school students. Infection is mainly spread by eating contaminated water and food, and it is easy to break out in kindergartens and schools. Precautionary measures should pay attention to drinking water and food hygiene; Cultivate good personal hygiene habits such as washing hands before and after meals; Babies advocate breastfeeding. Once similar symptoms appear, you should seek medical advice in time.

Preventing digestive system diseases is to prevent abdominal cold. Patients with chronic gastritis should pay special attention to the warmth of the stomach, add clothes in time, and cover the bedding when sleeping at night, so as not to cause stomach pain or aggravate old diseases when the stomach catches cold. We should also strengthen exercise. Pay attention to diet and aftercare. The diet of patients with gastropathy should be warm, soft, light, vegetarian and fresh, so as to eat less and eat more meals regularly and quantitatively. At the same time, we should also pay attention to chewing slowly when eating, so as to facilitate digestion and absorption and reduce the burden on the stomach. Pay attention to mental health. We should maintain a happy spirit and emotional stability, and pay attention to the combination of work and rest.

3. Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis is a respiratory disease. Tuberculosis invades the lungs and causes lung lesions. This is the only infectious tuberculosis. There are many outdoor activities in autumn, and it is easy to get in close contact with infectious tuberculosis patients without knowing it. Remind people to be vigilant when there are symptoms such as blushing, low fever, fatigue, night sweats, coughing and spitting.