Technology and management of pepper cultivation in greenhouses in winter, with watering precautions

First loosen the soil, apply organic fertilizer and water once as the planting medium, then germinate the pepper seeds and sow them from October 10th to 15th. When the seedlings grow to about 10cm It can be transplanted. When the soil gradually becomes compacted, water it and apply urea once. The temperature of the greenhouse during the day is around 30°C, and at night it is 15°C. When the temperature is high, the wind is released to reduce humidity. Watering is done on sunny days, with drip irrigation as the main method. Pay attention to fruit thinning and prevention of pests and diseases.

1. Greenhouse pepper planting technology and management in winter

1. Planting technology

(1) Planting time: Generally sowing from October 10th to 15th. Sowing too early or too late will affect seed germination.

(2) Loose soil: Use tools to loosen the soil and apply organic fertilizer and water once as the planting substrate.

(3) Planting: Wrap the peppers in wet cloth for germination, then sow seeds, then mix peat soil, vermiculite, and plant ash in a ratio of 6:2:1 as a seedling substrate. Wait until the seedlings grow to When about 10cm long, the peppers can be transplanted into the garden soil and the upper ends of the seedlings can be trimmed.

(4) Scaffolding: After transplanting, use 3 wooden sticks with a length of 1m to set up a trellis for cultivation. No watering is required. Watering will be done when the soil gradually becomes compacted, and urea can be applied once.

2. Management

(1) Temperature and humidity

Keep the temperature at around 30℃ during the day and around 15℃ at night. At the same time, pay attention to the greenhouse During high temperature periods, you should try to ventilate the shed to reduce humidity to avoid excessive temperature inside the shed, and adjust the watering interval.

(2) Fertilizer and water management

① Water on sunny days, mainly drip irrigation. The amount of watering should not be too much to avoid freezing damage.

② The purpose of watering and fertilizing in winter is usually to nourish the roots. Therefore, the amount of fertilizer needs to be controlled according to the growth and fruit setting rate of the peppers. High potassium fertilizers cannot be used to avoid fertilizer damage.

③ Pay attention to top-dressing foliar fertilizer. You can use plant growth rejuvenation agent, phosphorus and potassium power and other substances to mix and spray. Spray once a week about once a week, spray about 3 times a day, and follow up reasonably according to the growth of the plant. Apply fertilizers such as compound fertilizer.

(3) Field management

Deformed fruits, overcrowded fruits, rotten fruits and other fruits need to be removed and picked in time to avoid falling trees.

(4) Prevention and control of pests and diseases

① Diseases: Anthracnose requires foliar spraying of 65% mancozeb powder 400 times; bacterial wilt uses 60% chlorothalonil wettable Spray the powder with 500 times of liquid and spray 2-3 times continuously; use 50% carbendazim wettable powder with 600 times of liquid spray to control Fusarium wilt.

②Pest pests: aphids, cotton bollworms, tobacco exigua, diamondback moth and red spider mites are the main pests, which can be controlled with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 5000 times.

2. Precautions for watering greenhouse peppers in winter

1. Blind watering is prohibited

The planting space of greenhouse peppers is relatively closed, and the water in the soil evaporates and degrades. Infiltration is slower than those planted in the open field. If you water too much, it will affect the growth and development of peppers, so before watering, you should pay attention to the plant growth and weather.

2. Do not water on low temperature or rainy days

Before the cold wave comes, there is insufficient heat, and the air temperature and soil temperature drop rapidly. If you water, it will further accelerate the reduction of ground temperature and greenhouse temperature. If the internal temperature is too high, the plants are prone to freezing damage and root retting.

3. Watering time in winter

It is recommended to water appropriately in the morning, preferably before 10 a.m., with warm water. Watering in the afternoon or evening is not recommended. When the humidity in the greenhouse is high, aerosols need to be used to protect the plants from diseases.

4. Watering matters when cloudy days turn to sunny days

When encountering continuous rainy and protracted weather, the temperature in the greenhouse will be lower and the soil temperature will also be lower. If this happens When the soil turns sunny, the temperature rises quickly, but the soil heats up slowly and the plant root system is still weak. It is not suitable for watering at this time.