Growing environment of watermelon

Characteristics of suitable environment for watermelon growth

Characteristics of Watermelon Growth Environment The most suitable climatic conditions for watermelon growth are continental climate, high temperature, abundant sunshine and dry air.

1. Temperature The suitable temperature for watermelon growth is 18℃~32℃, and it is resistant to high temperature. At 40℃, it can still maintain a certain assimilation efficiency, but it is not resistant to low temperature. Therefore, when the temperature dropped to 15℃, the growth was slow, stopped at 10℃, and the aboveground parts suffered from cold damage at 5℃.

Vegetative growth can adapt to lower temperature, while fruit setting and fruit growth need higher temperature. The lower temperature limit of stem and leaf growth is 10℃, and the lower temperature limit of fruit growth is 15℃. The temperature difference between day and night is large, which is beneficial to sugar accumulation, healthy growth of stems and leaves, and increased sugar content of fruits.

Second, light can increase sunshine time and illuminance, and promote the growth of lateral branches, but it has little effect on main vines. The sunshine hours increased from 14 hours to 24 hours, and the number of flowers per plant, ovary size and ovule number increased with the increase of sunshine hours. On the contrary, it not only affects the vegetative growth of watermelon, but also affects the size of ovary and the process of pollination and fertilization. Watermelon is very sensitive to sunlight. The weather is clear, the plant type is compact, the reference and petiole are short, the vines are strong, the leaves are large and thick, and the leaves are dark green; However, under the condition of continuous rain and insufficient light, the internodes and petioles are long, the leaves are long and narrow, and the leaves are thin and pale, and the protection organization department is developed and prone to diseases. It seriously affected nutrient accumulation and fruit growth, and the sugar content decreased significantly.

Third, the water is sufficient, and the watermelon is luxuriant in branches and leaves, growing rapidly and yielding high. This product contains a lot of water. If the water is insufficient, it will affect the growth of vegetative body and fruit expansion. The water requirement of watermelon is different at different growth stages, and the field water capacity at seedling stage is 65%. The jointing stage is 70%, while the fruit expansion stage should be kept at 75%, otherwise the yield will be affected. In the sensitive period of soil moisture, first, female flower buds appear at the fruit-setting node. At this time, if the water is insufficient, the female flower buds are small and the ovary is small, which will affect fruit-setting;

Second, in the fruit expansion period, if the soil moisture is insufficient, it will affect the fruit expansion and seriously affect the yield. Watermelon root system was not tolerant to waterlogging, and the root system rotted after flooding in Gua Tian, resulting in the death of the whole field. Therefore, it is necessary to choose high-lying fields for planting, and strengthen ditch cleaning and drainage.

4. The most suitable soil nutrient condition is sandy loam with deep soil layer, good drainage and fertile soil. Watermelon price Sandy soil has good ventilation and high soil temperature, which is conducive to root growth. However, watermelon has wide adaptability to soil, and can be cultivated in sandy soil, clay, acidic red-yellow soil and coastal saline-alkali soil. The newly reclaimed land has fewer diseases and weeds, and can obtain a better harvest. Requirements for soil nutrient conditions: 1, large amount of fertilizer required; 2. Increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, so as not to cause excessive growth or reduce quality; 3. Fertilize according to different growth stages and plant growth states. Phosphate fertilizer and farmyard manure are the main base fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizer should be lightly applied at seedling stage, nitrogen fertilizer should be properly controlled at elongation stage, and available nitrogen and potassium fertilizer should be the main fertilizer after fruit setting.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) requires fertilizer. Watermelon has weak fertilizer tolerance, high soil solution concentration or immature fertilizer, and it is easy to burn roots. During the growth period, watermelon absorbed the most nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium, followed by nitrogen fertilizer, followed by calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. Among them, calcium is mainly used for stem and leaf growth, magnesium is about half used for stem and leaf growth, and half is used for fruit growth. About two-thirds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium exist in fruits. Applying nitrogen fertilizer can promote the growth of stems and leaves, expand the leaf area, and need a lot of phosphorus before and after flowering, which is beneficial to the development of flower organs and fruit setting. Applying potassium fertilizer after fruit setting can promote the synthesis, transportation and storage of sugar, and significantly improve the refined content of watermelon. Benefits of applying seaweed fertilizer to watermelon The seaweed fertilizer contains alginic acid, sodium alginate, seaweed polysaccharide, gibberellin, quinone group and polyphenol, mannitol, abscisic acid, phenolic polymer, betaine and iodide. It plays an irreplaceable role in improving crop disease resistance, improving crop growth microenvironment, protecting flowers and fruits, increasing production and improving quality.