Why is Fuzhou getting hotter and hotter?

As of yesterday, Fuzhou has maintained a high temperature (above 35℃) for 9 consecutive days, and this high temperature pattern is temporarily difficult to reverse. According to the forecast of the Central Meteorological Observatory, Fuzhou is expected to be 36℃ today, ranking third in the high temperature ranking of provincial capitals.

Not only that, the reporter learned from the authoritative department that according to the latest 30-year statistical data of1981-2010, Fuzhou ranks first among the provincial capital cities with 32.6 high temperature days! From 2000 to 2009, the total days of high temperature in Fuzhou reached 375 days, 70 days more than 1990- 1999; In July 2003, the historical extreme maximum temperature in Fuzhou was 465438 0.7℃. From June 30 to August 4, 2007, Fuzhou had a continuous high temperature for 36 days, setting a record for the continuous high temperature in provincial capitals.

Why is Fuzhou getting hotter and hotter? Behind the persistent high temperature, besides the objective factors of climate, are there any human factors worthy of our consideration?

Data disclosure

The number of high temperature days in Rongcheng in recent three years is 109 days.

According to the latest data from authoritative departments, from 198 1 to 20 10, Fuzhou has an average of 32.6 days of high temperature (above 35℃) every year, making Fuzhou the king of high temperature in provincial cities in the mainland, surpassing the old "stove" Chongqing (29.6 days per year).

In the past 30 years, the number of high temperature days in Fuzhou has been ahead of the whole country, with the greatest contribution from 2000 to 2009.

The reporter learned from the provincial climate center that from 1980 to 1989, the total number of high temperature days in Fuzhou was 296 days. By 1990- 1999, this data has increased to 303 days; Especially from 2000 to 2009, the total number of high temperature days in Fuzhou reached 375 days, an increase of more than 70 days over the previous two decades. In addition, from 20 10 to 20 12, the days of high temperature in Fuzhou in the last three years also reached 109.

Many high temperature records in Fuzhou now also come from after 2000. For example, the historical extreme maximum temperature in Fuzhou appeared at 465,438 0.7℃ in July 2003, and from June 30 to August 4, 2007, Fuzhou experienced high temperature for 36 consecutive days. This continuous high temperature record, even if it is a super stove in Chongqing, can only sigh.

These data also provide a certain basis for the statement that "Fuzhou is getting hotter and hotter".

Fuzhou's high temperature and ultra-old "stove"

Although there is no traditional "four stoves" in Fuzhou, in recent years, the high temperature in Fuzhou has even been candidly admit defeat to the old stoves.

20 10 Song Yingjie, a well-known weather host, announced the top cities in the total number of hot days in China from 2000 to 2009 10, among which Fuzhou ranked first with 375 hot days, followed by Hangzhou (355 hot days), Chongqing (343 hot days) and Changsha (326 hot days).

Last year, experts from the National Climate Center conducted a comprehensive study on the meteorology in the past 3 1 year. The results showed that among all provincial capitals or municipalities directly under the Central Government, Fuzhou ranked second in the country in terms of summer heat, second only to Chongqing, and surpassed Nanchang, Wuhan and Nanjing, which used to be the "four major stoves".

A preliminary study of journalist career

Fuzhou's "tuyere" meets the "challenge" of tall buildings.

The reporter learned from the provincial climate center that the "stove" is only a folk saying and has not been officially recognized. But from the historical data, Fuzhou does have many days of high temperature. In recent years, many people have gradually included Fuzhou in the list of new "stoves".

Then, why has the number of high temperature days in Fuzhou continued to increase, especially since 2000?

In this regard, Yang Lin, an expert from the Provincial Climate Center, analyzed that Fuzhou is affected by the warm and sinking subtropical high every summer. Under the control of this weather system, the airflow is not easy to rise to form rainfall, and Fuzhou will continue to have high temperature, sunny and hot weather. Most other capital cities in China will not be affected by it for a long time. In recent years, the "control" of this weather system on Fuzhou and Fujian has been enhanced, which makes Fuzhou continue to have high temperature weather for a long time unless the typhoon sends rain.

"Of course, besides objective factors, there are also some human factors." Yang Lin said that the hot weather in a city has a lot to do with its geographical location. Fuzhou is low-lying, surrounded by mountains on three sides, and there is only one outlet of Minjiang River, which makes it difficult for Fuzhou to absorb heat in summer. This geographical environment is special, and in recent years, there are more and more high-rise buildings along the Minjiang River. The built high-rise buildings block the sea breeze blowing from the Minjiang Estuary, which may make it more difficult for Fuzhou to breathe.

Is the intensification of high temperature in Fuzhou related to the development of Jinshan?

In recent years, every time the high temperature in Fuzhou is mentioned, many citizens say that the development of some new areas around Fuzhou has turned once large areas of forests and paddy fields into reinforced concrete, which is a major reason why the city is getting hotter and hotter.

In this regard, Yang Lin said that the heat island effect is indeed one of the driving forces of high temperature in Fuzhou.

In recent years, the built-up area of Fuzhou has been expanding, and green space has been replaced by roads, squares and tall buildings. The reflection and absorption of reinforced concrete buildings make the city get more heat than the suburbs, which also makes the temperature in Fuzhou city higher than that in the suburbs, forming a heat island effect.

Many "old Fuzhou" believe that the development of Jinshan is one of the reasons for the continuous high temperature in Fuzhou after 2000. Before the development of Jinshan, it was a forest, orchard and wetland, and it was called "the lung of Rongcheng". Now, Jinshan is a residential area with high-rise buildings, and the "green lung" that originally absorbed heat has become a "heat island". Then, is the development of Jinshan related to the intensification of high temperature in Fuzhou? This problem has been studied by some departments. In 2003, Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau organized the research group of "Remote Sensing Monitoring of Urban Heat Island Effect in Fuzhou", which was mainly composed of environmental monitoring personnel, environmental protection experts and meteorologists. The study said: "Before 200 1, the temperature in Jinshan area was still very low, but with the development of Jinshan, the temperature in this area has risen sharply recently."

The research in that year also showed that the temperature in Fuzhou urban area was generally 0.4~0.7℃ higher than that in the surrounding suburbs, and the temperature gradient was the most obvious in summer and evening, and the urban area was 1.5~2℃ higher than that in the surrounding suburbs. In the 1960s, the temperature in Fuzhou was only 0. 16℃ higher than that in the suburbs, 0. 17℃ higher in the 1970s and 0.2℃ higher in the 1980s.

□ sound

Planting flowers and grass is beautiful, and a variety of trees can cool down.

The reporter learned from Fuzhou Bureau of Landscape Architecture that since 200 1, the green area of Fuzhou's built-up area has increased by more than 60 million square meters. However, many citizens believe that Fuzhou has many lawns and few trees, and urban greening should have a variety of trees that can form a large shade, which is conducive to cooling down.

"Fuzhou's greening has indeed made great progress in the past 20 years, but in recent years, roads have been rebuilt and trees have moved too much. In addition, the original street trees are mostly banyan, Ficus macrophylla and other tree species that are easy to form a crown. Some trees with small crowns and slow growth have been planted in the past year or two. For example, in Beitao Temple, the original big banyan tree covered the sun. In 2004, when the road was rebuilt, all the big banyan trees were removed and planted with another tree species. For almost ten years, the diameter of the trunk is less than 10 cm, and there is almost no crown. There are many examples like this. " Mr. Zeng, a citizen of Fuzhou, expressed the hope that the garden department would have a variety of tree species that are easy to shade and resistant to high temperature.

In this regard, Professor Xue Qiuhua, a landscape expert at Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, also said that urban greening can really improve the high temperature situation, such as planting big trees, and the surrounding environment temperature will drop.

The main city of Fuzhou is getting bigger and bigger now. In this regard, Professor Xue Qiuhua believes that on the one hand, many places in Fuzhou are undergoing municipal construction. In the process of construction, attention should be paid to protecting tall trees, such as old banyan trees, mango trees and bauhinia. On the other hand, it is necessary to continuously increase the urban green area, especially pay attention to the combination of three-dimensional greening of trees, shrubs and lawns, which is absolutely beneficial to cooling down in summer.

Many citizens have called for not only all kinds of flowers but also all kinds of trees to be planted on the streets of Fuzhou. Some experts even call on decision makers to introduce more "ecological" thinking in urban planning and construction. The degree and level of greening shows the quality of a city.

□ Related news

Rongcheng's "naked temperature" continued to decline.

Straits Metropolis Daily (Reporter Cai Zhenjin Intern)

Li) In the past summer heat, the sun's "enthusiasm" was not high. Compared with the continuous high temperature these days, the temperature in Fuzhou yesterday was not so unbearable.

According to the sea surface temperature in the fourth phase, we observed that the "naked temperature" dropped again at about 1 1 4 and 17 yesterday, which were 40℃, 42℃ and 39.5℃ respectively, while the surface temperatures in the three periods were 46℃ and 59℃ respectively. Because of the thick clouds, the sun is shielded. Compared with the previous day 14, the temperature dropped by 3℃ in the same period yesterday, which was really cool. However, due to the light clouds in the afternoon, the temperature at night and the surface temperature have increased a lot compared with the previous day.

Yesterday, the sun was blocked and the breeze from time to time was cooling Rongcheng. A few days ago, pedestrians in the street were fully armed, and sun protection products such as sun protection clothes, sun hats and umbrellas went into battle. Yesterday, many pedestrians took off these clothes and went into battle lightly.