The Yellow River is far above the white clouds.

I can do this problem! Between the Yellow River and White Clouds:

The Yellow River is getting farther and farther away, because it flows in the middle of the Yellow River, and Yumenguan is located on a lonely mountain.

Why use the elegy of willow to complain about the delay of spring, old Yumenguan, a spring breeze is not blowing!

The source of this poem is two poems of Liangzhou, the first one was written by Wang Zhihuan.

Translation:

The Yellow River seems to rush out from the white clouds, and Yumenguan is hanging alone in the mountains.

Why do you want to complain about the late arrival of spring by playing the plaintive "Yangliuqiu" with Qiangdi? The spring breeze can't blow the Yumen Pass at all.

Precautions:

Liangzhou Ci: Also known as Chusai. Lyrics for Liangzhou, a popular song at that time. There are Liangzhou songs in Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poetry (Volume 79) and modern lyrics, and Yuan Yue is quoted as saying: "Liangzhou, Gongdiao Song, Governor of Kaiyuan Liangfu Guo Zhiyun, Chinese and Western." Liangzhou, subordinate to Longyou Road in Tang Dynasty, is located in Guzang County (now Liangzhou District, Wuwei City, Gansu Province).

Looking far: looking far to the west. Far above the Yellow River: Looking at the source of the Yellow River. "River" means "sand" and "far" means "straight".

Lonely city: refers to the lonely castle guarding the border. Qi: an ancient unit of length. Together, it is equivalent to seven or eight feet (about 265,438+03 cm or 264 cm).

Qiangdi: It belongs to cross-wind wind music. Qiangdi was introduced to Gansu, Sichuan and other places in Han Dynasty, and it was a common musical instrument on frontier fortress in Tang Dynasty. Why: Why? Liu: The song "Folding Willow". In ancient poetry, willow is often used as a metaphor for farewell.

Degree: Yes. Yumenguan: It was set by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and was named after the introduction of jade articles from the Western Regions. Therefore, Xiaofangcheng, located in the northwest of Dunhuang, Gansu Province, was the main road leading to the western regions in ancient times. During the Six Dynasties, the site moved eastward to the vicinity of Shuangta Fort in Anxi.

About the author:

Wang Zhihuan (688-742) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Ji Ling was originally from Jinyang (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), and his great-grandfather moved to Jiang (now Jiangxian, Shanxi). Pay attention to loyalty, unrestrained, often fencing elegy. Most of his poems were sung by musicians at that time, and he was famous for being good at describing frontier fortress scenery. The words are simple and the environment is extremely far-reaching. Only six poems have been handed down from generation to generation.

Creative background:

According to Wang Zhihuan's epitaph, in 726, the fourteenth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Zhihuan resigned and lived a free life for fifteen years. Two Poems of Liangzhou is regarded as the fifteen years when he resigned and lived at home, that is, the fifteenth year of Kaiyuan (727) to the twenty-ninth year (74 1).

Appreciate:

The first two sentences describe the vast and magnificent scenery in the northwest. The first sentence captures the special feeling of looking at the Yellow River from the bottom (swimming) to the top (swimming) from near and far, and depicts the moving picture of "the Yellow River is far above the white clouds": the surging Yellow River flies to the clouds like a ribbon. Writing is really a leap of thought, and the weather is open. Another famous poem of the poet, "And the Ocean Drains Gold River", is viewed from the opposite angle, from top to bottom; Li Bai's "How the Yellow River Water Moves Out of the Sky" is different from this sentence. Although it is also about looking at the upper reaches, the line of sight is from far to near. "All rivers run into the sea" and "How the water of the Yellow River moves out of the sky" are deliberately exaggerating the style of the Yellow River, showing dynamic beauty. "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds", the direction of which is opposite to that of the river, which is intended to highlight its long-standing leisure state and show a static beauty. At the same time, it shows the vast and magnificent scenery of the border, which is worthy of being a strange sentence throughout the ages. The second sentence "Isolated City, Wan Ren Mountain" appears as an isolated city on the frontier, which is one of the main images of this poem and belongs to the main part of the "picture scroll". "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds" is its background, and "Wan Ren Mountain" is its near background. Against the background of the mountains in Yuanchuan, it is helpful to see that the city is in a dangerous terrain and lonely situation. "Pian" is an idiom in Tang poetry, which is often associated with "loneliness" (such as "a lonely sail" and "a lonely cloud"). ). Here, it is equivalent to "a seat", but this word has an extra layer of "thin" meaning. A lonely city like Mobei is certainly not a residential area, but a fortress guarding the border, which also implies that readers have husbands in their poems. As a vocabulary of classical poetry, "Lonely City" has a specific meaning. It is often associated with the sadness of leaving people, such as "the sunset in the old city of Kuifu is oblique, and each depends on the Beidou Wangjing Hua" (Du Fu's Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity), "Knowing that the Han Dynasty has shut Xiao out of the customs, I am worried about seeing the twilight of the old city" (Wang Wei's "Sending Wei to Review Things") and so on.

Firstly, the image of "lonely city" in the second sentence is introduced to prepare for further describing the psychology of husband recruitment in the next two sentences. The poem begins with the vastness and desolation of mountains and rivers, and the loneliness and danger of the bearer.

The third sentence suddenly turns, introducing the sound of Qiang flute. The tune played by Qiangdi is "Folding Willow", which can't help but arouse people's sadness. This sentence is translated into Yuefu's "Cross Blowing Songs and Folding Willow Songs", "If you don't catch the whip when you get on the horse, you will fold Yang Liuzhi. Playing the flute on the bench and worrying about killing travelers is very poetic. The custom of "breaking willows to bid farewell" was the most popular in the Tang Dynasty. "Willow" has a more direct relationship with parting. Therefore, people will feel sad not only when they see willow trees, but also when they hear the flute sound of "breaking willow trees". The sentence "strong enemy" is not about "smelling willow", but about "resenting willow", which is particularly wonderful. This avoids directly using the title of the song, and turns the board into life, which can trigger more associations and deepen poetry. Outside Yumenguan, the spring breeze is not strong, and the willows are not green. If you want to fold a willow to express your feelings, you can't. This is even more embarrassing than breaking a willow to say goodbye. When people listen to songs in this mood, it seems that the flute is also complaining about the willow. The resentment revealed is strong, but it is euphemistically expressed in the broad explanation of "why complain", which is deep, implicit and intriguing.

This third sentence conveys such rich poetry in the question, and the last sentence "Spring breeze is not enough to pass Yumenguan" is logical. Entering the poem with the word "Yumenguan" is also related to making people think. "The Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty" says: "I dare not look at Jiuquan County and hope that Yumenguan will be born." So the last sentence was written in the biting cold, implying infinite homesickness. If we compare this poem "Liangzhou Ci" with some frontier poems after the middle Tang Dynasty (such as Zhang Qiao's "Old Soldiers of Hehuang"), we will find that although this poem is extremely expressive of the resentment that people guarding the frontier can't return to their hometown, it is tragic and desolate, and there is no mood of decline and depression, which shows the broad-minded mind of poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Even if you write sad grievances, you are strong in sadness and generous in sadness. The word "Why complain" not only shows the euphemism and implication of its artistic technique, but also shows that the frontier guards at that time realized the great responsibility of defending the country and the frontier when they were homesick, so they could forgive themselves. Perhaps it is because of the sadness of Liangzhou Ci that it can become a typical representative of "Tang Yin".