The Battle of Fishing City: The Peak Confrontation in China's Cold Weapon Age

The Battle of Fishing City: The Peak Confrontation in China's Cold Weapon Age

Brief introduction to the battle of fishing town: a famous battle in the Song and Mongolian War. In the 4th year of Jiaxi in Song Lizong (1240), Peng Daya, the deputy envoy of Sichuan, sent Gan Run to build a village on the fishing hill east of Hezhou (now Hechuan, Chongqing) in order to fight against the Mongolian army. In the third year of Chunyou (1243), Yu Jie and Ran Pu, messengers from the middle of Shu, presided over the construction of the fishing city, moved the Chinese government here, and stationed heavily to control the Jialing River. In the second year of Baoyu (1254), Wang Jian was appointed as the garrison commander of Hezhou, and the city was heavily fortified. People in southern Shaanxi and northern Sichuan have moved, and the fishing city has become a military town with hundreds of thousands of people. In six years, Mongolian Khan led the main force into Sichuan and captured many places, but the fishing city stood tall and became a solid fortress to stop the Mongolian army. In February (1259), Meng Ge entered Lion Mountain and personally supervised the siege. From February to May, they stormed Ziyi City and the gates and outer cities of Zhenxi, Dongxin, Qisheng and Guobao, all of which were repelled. In June, Song Ruchuan led thousands of warships to help, and was defeated by history and returned to Chongqing.

The Mongols stepped up their siege, but they still couldn't break it. Its pioneer, General Wang Dechen, was injured and died. Then, on July 2 1 day, Mongo was wounded and killed, and the Mongols were forced to evacuate. After Meng Ge's death, Mongolian aristocrats clashed on the issue of Khan's succession, and Kublai Khan, who was far away from the front line in Hubei, hastily retreated to the north to compete for Khan. Fishing City's victory over Mongolia turned the tide. Since then, Ma Qian succeeded Wang Jian as the governor of Hezhou, and Zhang Jue succeeded Ma Qian for four years (1263). Zhang Jue defended Hezhou and repeatedly defeated the Yuan Army. In the first year of Deyou (1275), Wang Li succeeded Zhang Jue as the peace envoy of Hezhou. In the second year of Xiangxing (1279), Wang Li's fishing city, which had been stuck to for more than 30 years, finally fell.

During the period from the 6th year of Baogou in the Southern Song Dynasty to the reign of Kaiqingyuan (8-9 years of Mongolian Empire, 1258- 1259), in the battle of Monge attacking Song Dynasty, Song general Wang Jian and his assistant Zhang Jue defended the fishing town (now fishing mountain about 5 kilometers east of Hechuan District, Chongqing) to resist the famous fortress defense war attacked by Mongolian troops. In July of the sixth year of Baoyu, Mongo Khan led an army of 40,000, with a number of 6,543.8+10,000, and divided his troops from Liupanshan (now Ningxia) to attack Sichuan in three ways. 12, captured most counties in western Sichuan and northern Sichuan, arrived at Vu Thang Mountain (near the county seat of Vu Thang now), and prepared to attack Hezhou. In Song Dynasty, Yu Jie moved Hezhou Prefecture to Fishing City. Fishing City is located at the top of Fishing Mountain, 5 kilometers east of Hechuan District, Chongqing, with a relative height of about 300 meters. Located at the intersection of Jialing River, Qujiang River and Fujiang River, it is surrounded by water on the south, north and west, and the barrier covers the river. Stone walls with a height of tens of feet are built around the city, and a wall is built in the north and south to extend to the river. There are 0/3 ponds/kloc-and 92 wells in the city, which can be described as sufficient drinking water. The Navy Wharf is built by the river, with warships, which can control the Sanjiang River from the top and shield Chongqing (now Chongqing) from the bottom. It is a defensive fortress that supports the war situation in Sichuan, and the terrain is very dangerous. Meng Ge sent general Jin to the fishing city to surrender and was killed by Wang Jian.

In the first month of nine years, Mongo Khan relied on his soldiers to make Mazhuang stronger, so he quickly avoided fortified cities and detoured to build strategies in Kuizhou and Wandong. Regardless of the unfavorable weather and geography, he is determined to capture the fishing city. So he sent the late kings to attack Yili Mountain City (now northeast of Qujiang, commonly known as Sanjiaomiao Village), dragged Tu Luxiong to attack Pingliang Mountain City (now central and western Sichuan), and ordered Yang Dayuan, commander-in-chief of the Song Dynasty, to lead an army to raid the old city of Hezhou and cut off the connection between the peripheral cities and the fishing city. At the same time, Niu Lin, commander-in-chief of Sichuan, moved from Chengdu to Shilin and Fuzhou (now the west of Fuling District, Chongqing) to build a pontoon bridge and cut off Song Yuan. But in Tongluo Gorge, it was dangerous, which blocked the northward advance of Song Jun in Chongqing. On February 2nd, Mongolian Khan led an army to cross the Chicken Feet Beach (now Jixin Stone in the northeast of Fishing City) and went to the village in the Lion Mountain in the east of the city. On the 3rd, Mongo personally supervised the attack on Fishing City. On the 7th, the Mongols attacked the wall. On the 9th, the Mongols captured the west gate of the town. On this day, the Mongolian army stone came to Fishing City to participate in the war.

In March, they attacked Dongxinmen, Qishengmen, Zhenxiximen and Bao Xiao in the east of the city, but they all failed under the tenacious resistance of the soldiers and civilians of Song Shoucheng. On April 3, it rained heavily for 20 days. On the 22nd of Chu Qing, the Mongols attacked the south to protect the country. Late the next night, Ziyicheng, from the strange gate to the Jialing River in the north of the city, was recaptured by Wang Jian's soldiers. Song Lizong heard the news and issued a letter of commendation to encourage Hezhou soldiers and civilians. The fishing town could not be captured for a long time, and Meng Ge Khan ordered the generals to "discuss the plan". It suddenly occurred to him that it was not good to seize the city, so it was better to leave a small amount of troops to worry about and join hands with Kublai Khan and other troops along the river to destroy the Southern Song Dynasty in one fell swoop. Arrogant generals, on the other hand, advocate storming the city, but regard speed and speed as pedantry. Mongo Khan did not take the advice of quick action and decided to continue to attack the city. After the Mongolian army attacked Sichuan on a large scale, the Southern Song Dynasty took a large-scale rescue operation to Sichuan, but Song Jun, who reinforced the fishing city, was blocked by the Mongolian army and never reached the fishing city. Despite this, the fishing city, which has been besieged for months, is still rich in materials and the morale of the defenders is high.

One day, the defenders of the Southern Song Dynasty threw two fresh fish tails weighing 15 kg and more than 100 steamed noodle cakes to the Mongols outside the city, saying that even if they kept 10 years, the Mongols would not be able to capture the fishing city. In contrast, the situation of Mongolians outside the city is very bad. The Mongolian army stayed under the fortified city for a long time, also in the hot summer season. Mongolians were originally afraid of summer heat and humidity, and their acclimatization led to the epidemic of diseases such as summer heat, malaria and cholera in the army, and the situation was quite serious. At the beginning of June, Sichuan made Lv Wende lead 10,000 warships up the river, broke through the blockade of Mongolian army and entered Chongqing. Later, he led more than a thousand ships north along Jialing River, rescued Hezhou, arrived in Shanxi Province of Sancao, and was stopped by Mongolian troops. Shi Ba divided into two wings and shot across the river. He led the sailors to attack vertically downstream, captured more than 100 Song warships, repelled their reinforcements and returned to Chongqing. When the weather was hot and the plague was prevalent, the combat effectiveness of the Mongolian army was greatly reduced. Wang Jian took the opportunity to attack the Mongolian military camp many times at night, scaring everyone and keeping them awake at night. On the morning of the fifth day, Mongolian striker Marshal Wang Dechen led his troops to break through the outer city Ma Zhai Jun by night, and Wang Jian led his troops to refuse to fight.

At dawn, it began to rain, and the Mongolian siege ladder was broken and forced to retreat. The Mongols besieged the city for five months, but they couldn't get out of the city. So Wang Dechen rode alone to Fishing City to surrender, was hit by a flying stone on the city, and soon died in Jinyun Mountain Temple. Monge Khan was furious and ordered the army to build platforms and buildings outside Dongxin Gate to spy on the actual situation in the city in order to fight a decisive battle. On July 2 1 day, Meng came to the scene to direct, and Zhong was injured. On the 27th, he died in the army. The Mongolian army then retreated from the north and returned.