Why does lidar have poor penetration in special weather?

No matter optics, acoustics or electricity, there are shortcomings that the principle itself cannot overcome. Because visible light or near infrared light is used as the detection medium, the light is easily influenced by dust or water droplets suspended in the air during its propagation, so lidar does not perform well in bad weather such as rain, snow, fog and sandstorm.

First of all, the works are greatly influenced by the weather and atmosphere. In general, laser has a small attenuation and a long propagation distance in sunny weather. In severe weather such as rainstorm, thick smoke and dense fog, the attenuation will increase sharply and the propagation distance will be greatly affected. For example, co2 laser with working wavelength of 10.6μm has better atmospheric transmission performance among all lasers, and its attenuation in bad weather is 6 times that in sunny days. The range of co2 lidar used on the ground or at low altitude is 10-20km in sunny days, and it is reduced to 1 km in bad weather. Moreover, atmospheric circulation will distort and shake the laser beam, which will directly affect the measurement accuracy of lidar. Secondly, because the beam of lidar is extremely narrow, it is very difficult to search for targets in space, which will directly affect the interception probability and detection efficiency of non-cooperative targets, and can only search and capture targets in a small range, so lidar is rarely used directly in the battlefield for target detection and search.

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